of the care of pain, focusing on particular on populations disproportionately affected by and undertreated for pain. third, we recommended that health care providers, insurance, and others should work collaboratively between pain specialists and primary care clinicians, including referral to pain specialists when appropriate. there are about 4,000 pain specialists in the united states. not nearly enough to cover all those with pain. and therefore we look to enhanced education and training of primary care physicians to work collaboratively and new care models to better direct and delineate for those suffering from pain. and finely, as an immediate recommendation, we recommended that the director of nih should designate a lead institute at the nih that is responsible for moving the pain research agenda forward, along with increased support for and scope for the pain consortium. this should involve pain advocacy and awareness and organizations, and should foster public and private partnerships. there were 12 other recommendations as well, and we felt that these recommendations serve the goal