annenberg media ♪ narrator: in africa, south of the sahara, european colonization has had tremendousong-term impact on contemporary divisions of land. here, south africa's notorious legacy of race-based laws of apartheid profoundly affected the lives of the country's population. many people were removed from their ancestral lands and relocated to less desirable areas called homelands. with the end of apartheid, south africa is taking remarkable steps toward a more positive and unified future. at the heart of the transformation, though, is the volatile issue of land reform. repatriating people to their land is a complex and difficult process. we will see how one geographer is using global positioning system-- or gps technology-- as one tool to study how the land resources in south africa are being distributed and utilized. ( choral group singing in native language ) in a 199 in their nation's first democratic elections and chose nelson mandela as their president. one of the greatest challenges facing the new post-apartheid regime was toive the jority black population access to the lan

captioni sponsored annenrg/cpb narrator: western africa is the most populous subregion south of the saharafor decades, côte d'ivoire, or the ivory coast, was one of its most stable societies. then in 1999, a military coup, followed by years ofivil war, threatened the state and its prosperi.eties. we will examine the geographic roots of this conflict, including: differing climatic and ecologicalones; the booms and busts of agricultural export commodities; gional conflicts based on ethnic and religious tensions. geographer jean-louis chaleard studies a cocoa plantationities; nearoubrthe sohwestof côte d'. geographer jean-louis chaleard st(dchaleard speaking frenchi)s; translator: during the 1960s and '70s, the ivory coast experienced strong economic growth. this was essentially due to exported cultivation, principally of cocoa. narrator the icocoa will only growrgest coin tropical rain forests,. which you can see on this satellite mosaic as darkegreeareas along the southern coast. during the 1920s, coffeendocoa plantations abegan in the southeast.. they then diffused to the center-west and n

followed fairly closely by opportunities in eastern europe and throughout the middle east and in sub sahara africa. it's not uniformly true, but certain regions and countries in south asia. from a service standpoint, the real drivers of growth today and for the near term are expected to be in three areas. first, the conversion from normal television formates -- formats to high definition tv. ted talked about not being able to find the channel he wanted on the 500 channels currently available. the satellite that he referred to that we're launching in a couple of months for a uk-based operator that's going to provide services throughout sub sahara africa will carry in total the equivalent of about 2500 high def tv channels. if fred travels anywhere in that part of the world, we'll be able to follow him. that's the first one. broad band services from satellites particularly in those parts of the world where terrestrial systems are not available and probably won't be for the foreseeable future is the second largest area. and ubiquitous mobile data communications primarily to connect machines wi

. >> you were traveling west on sahara now?i was actually hit from behind. i was pushed into a car in front of me. >> so it was a double hit-and-run. >> i guess. i was actually trying to make a hush sound to joe when i was behind him, and he just wouldn't listen. he kept going on and on and on. >> i can tell you it was a hard hit from behind. >> it was a hard hit from behind, but i've got a detective who says there is absolutely no damage. i think you should just really kind of -- i can't even count up how many different stories you've told me thus far. >> caramagno's client, dale jakuchunas, can hardly believe what's unfolding before him. he's facing a possible lifetime in jail if convicted of first-degree kidnapping and coercion charges. >> i felt very frustrated with them and disappointed. i definitely needed the attorney i paid for at that time. >> i may have suffered a concussion, your honor. >> because you hit your head? >> because of the whiplash, your honor. i've had multiple concussions before. >> you've had multiple c

across the sahara desert. the for stage was 21 mi. over sand and terrain to mom is 24 mi.long and and runners have to carry their own food. water and tents are supplied. jim why did people do this? >>> i'm not real sure i would ask robla. >>> she could do it. >>> as we looked outside a lovely weekend in the it with balmy temperatures. i run a de a few and low seventies pop up here and there. a lovely evening at the beach means will have a glorious sunset. we seem high clouds streaming into the bay area look for cloudy and warm conditions. a chance of rain as this week front moves into the area. it has been installed off shore the tail end will move across the bay and the next couple of days. after living is dry and warm. will bring temperatures to nearly 7 degrees for most of the bay area. look for cooler air as the front passes. a small chance of showers in the next several days. los in iran approach from north to south tuesday morning and again wednesday. another round of rain headed our way thursday. rainfall amounts in about and about one-half inch for tuesday morning,

. >>> sahara and the sheriff's office says it is a vacant lot is identity theft you someone's information to access their accounts without their permission that said investigators will be this will pave active. >>> bizarre i would think with all the technology and the silicon valley they could figure out where this is coming from. there's a lot they're not telling us but i think we will be learning more about the state tree to the future the woman shot and killed a, a shopping center parking lot last saturday was the landlord of a home attendance called house of horror. they say that emma's boyfriend shot her in a san jose shopping center and then turned the gun on themselves. we told you about when last month she was renting out rooms to more than a dozen adults in this and as a foot a home that was in foreclosure. not of the tenants knew that at this time. the sonoma county teacher shot and killed by her estranged husband had recently denied an emergency restraining order kim cover was a walking out of a divorce attorneys office in petaluma on sunday and then simply say her has been sho

. >>> sahara well this presidential race for us is over for me we will suspend our campaign effective today we're not done fighting the decision comes two weeks before the primary in his home state of pennsylvania recent polls have shown him losing support santorum did not say who he would support for the gop nomination. the crash between a cyclist and a man who later died was apparently caught on tape. a source tells cbs five that's this surveillance camera at cash to the desk of 71 year- old pedestrian sue chee leave his post as head of 20 tavern at castro and markets police say chris mccarthy crashed into the we in the crosswalk and sandras leaders announced in new program to help elect to protect pedestrians and bicyclists. his office is determining which charges if anyone will be brought against carey. >>> why they cannot represent a man accused of shooting and on terms teenager. >>> about a year ago use of a reason to raise billing today was an address to the baseball game and san francisco. >>> and is even worse than smiles. what california says is hiding in the all polished an

throughout the sahara, there is no one cause for disaster. and aid agencies and governments are faced with the ongoing task of trying to break the cycle of crisis. >> to discuss what is happening in the region, i was joined by the unicef executive director. he has just returned from chad. he is in washington to will bring attention to the growing problems. thank you drama to joining us. what was the situation like? >> it is dire and it is about to get worse. many families have already -- we are on the brink of a real disaster throughout. >> when i looked on the unicef website, none of the pictures that you showed looked very shocking. why not? >> we try not to. i think it is related to one of the reasons why there is a lot of fatigue. when you show those pictures, people tend to say, here we go again. african children, starving. we do not seem to be making headway. we try to show the children who are surviving and you can get better. i would like to emphasize one point, we tend to look at this as a question of charity and helping victims. in

it's south of the sahara desert. people are struggling through the worst drought in a decade. 50 million face food shortages and mal nutrition. the u.n. wants the country to donate $720 million. it's received half that amount so far. anthony lake says the world is indifferent to the crisis in the region, and that has to change. world health organization chan says many children will die unless more funds are provided. >>> leaders of japan, there's the music, leaders of japan and china are celebrating the 40th anniversary of the normalization of their nation's diplomatic ties. the chinese government sponsored a ceremony tuesday in tokyo. culture minister said he believes the year of events will add a colorful new page to the history of the country's friendship. japan's chief cabinet secretary called for exchanges on a personal level. >>> people in southampton, england, are paying tribute to those who died in the sinking of the "titanic." children paraded through the city carrying placards of those deceased. most of its

it left a belt of land to the south of sahara desert parched. harvests have failed. 15 million people are short of food. children are dying one after another. united nations officials have called on countries around the world to send emergency aid. >> we are appealing, all of us, for an end to the global indifference. >> the region is called the sahel. people rarely see any rain. they have suffered through one drought after another. the current drought is the most widespread in ten years. it spans across eight countries. chad is one of the hardest hit countries. nhk world john baptiste nuard reports. >> reporter: two-thirds of chad is covered by desert. a severe drought affect this region and create a food crisis. the extended drought has left the land bare. last year, almost no rain fell. this has devastated farms across the country. harvests of several crops such as rice and other cereals are less than half the average. >> translator: the crops are not growing. and families have nothing to eat. it is very serious. >> reporter: over 120,000 chi

race sound pretty horrible for most people i would guess but imagine doing it in the heat of the sahara desert and that's exactly what competitors a twenty seven from out of from the south doing the marathon of the sands as it translates is an annual race run in southern iraq zero competitors have six days to complete the american with the longest stage fifty seven oils long anyone taking part must carry all personal belongings m food for the entire event in that part of the water in times of kindly supplied by the organizers defending champion rocketry our novelty has his sights set on a second successive title russians linux installed in record holder in south africa's come north america and finish the custody in fifteenth place. certainly braver than i am that's all the sport for now but it's more later on twenty four. and the. all. dear mom i'm sorry that i had to do this i've been in so much pain in the past year that i can't take it anymore the stomach and chest pains have been getting worse and no doctor has been able to help me please know that i'll finally be at peace and with

kilometer race sand pretty horrible to most people i guess but imagine doing it in the heat of the sahara desert well that is exactly what competitors are doing at the moment the twenty seventh american to sabila the marathon of the stands out is as it translates as an annual race in southern morocco competitors have six days to complete the ultra marathon with the longest stage fifty seven miles long anyone taking part must carry all personal belongings and food for the entire event in their backpack although water and tents are kindly supplied by the organizers defending champion recchi. his sights set on the second successive title. of the record holder in south africa's common rates marathon finish the first stage in fifteenth so that brings us up to date that is all sport for the moment the weather is clear. if six see. the eliezer. limits. just six six. six. six six six. six. more news today violence is once again flared up if these are the images the world has been seeing from the streets of canada asks for a chance to relieve the six. there hasn't been a thing yet t.v. . it is to

race sandal pretty horrible to most people i would guess but imagine doing it in the heat of the sahara does it well out is exactly what competitors are doing at the moment of the twenty seventh marathon disarm the marathon of the stands as it translates as an annual race in southern iraq open plan it is six days to complete the ultramarathon with the longest stage fifty seven miles long anyone taking part must carry all personal belongings and food for the entire event in their backpack although water and tents a kind x. a part supplied by the organizers defending champion of that he. is has his sights set on a second successive title. cubit soft record holder and sat out of his squad a race marathon finish the first stage in fifteen. to them all that his service but for the moment more interesting. dear mom i'm sorry that i had to do this i've been in so much pain in the past year that i can't take it anymore the stomach and chest pains have been getting worse and no doctor has been able to help me please know that i'll finally be at peace and with no more pain i wish i could have had

kilometer race sound probably pretty scary to most people but imagine doing it in the heat of the sahara desert which is exactly what the competitors are doing at the marathon based sub the madison of the sounders as it translates is an annual race in southern iraq we can bet it does have six days to complete the ultramarathon the longest stage ninety two kilometers long anyone taking part must carry all of personal belongings out of food for the entire event in their backpacks although water tends to be supplied by the organizers defending champion element of beauty is aiming for a second successive title while russians lately checked salt in the record holder in south africa's comrades american nation the first stage in fifty. four we want to stark contrast some runners have been braving the ultimate cold of the arctic ice thirty five competitors from seventeen countries took part in the annual north pole marathon last week and temperatures plummeted below minus twenty six degrees celsius so it's not all nothing but the organizers promote the run as the world's coolest marathon but the

just under 10% of the exports that went to sub sahara africa and 20% of all exports that went to turkey and india. now, some say the private sector could handle all of this. there are lots of banks with a robust presence where we operate. this is not a presence. just because there are an tm on the street corners doesn't mean there's a lot of money in the banking system. there's no shortage of worthy infrastructure projects in places like vietnam and nigeria to name just two but there is a shortage of good finances options. we help fill the gap for very big and small companies that just don't get enough attention from banks. we're essential from multi-million, multiyear deals like orbital. and we're essential to small businesses, which account for nearly 90% of all the transactions we do. now, let's take a company called air tractor, a small texas company that sells crop dusters and firefightering airplanes primarily to farmers worldwide. air tractors has order to ship 176 of these airplanes in 2012, a record for that company. 40 of those planes are going to latin america. most of them t

modeled on it is the ultimate test of insurance and there are two competitors no one can catch in the sahara at the moment the men's leader is more opportunity he took his third big three from his main stages on tuesday finishing the thirty five kilometer route in southern morocco in two hours thirty five minutes while lawrence kline completed a hat trick of stage wins in the women's rights issues just crossing the line she's the one on the right there and she remains on course to defend her title wednesday stages just play that eighty kilometers while the ultra marathon is just over two hundred fifty k. in time. so that's just more like her. shoes that so much of that isn't going to see people come out of people are very noisy and so i think this is one way to describe china is truly amazing to stand on the international stage with success comes china. hasn't be seen yet he. used to get them back some of the political. source material is one hopes he journalism one of we. we wanted to visit. something.

fifty one kilometer race sund well probably pretty scary to most people but imagine doing it in the saharadesert which is exactly what the competitors are doing at the mallets all these sub all of them are some of the sounds as it translates is an annual race in southern iraq the competitors have six days to complete the ultra marathon the longest eight ninety two kilometers long anyone taking part must carry all their personal belongings and food for the tar event in their backpacks although water can be surprised by the organizers defending champion rashid alamo to bt is aiming for a second successive title. of record holder and south africa's comrades mouth and finish the first stage in fifteen. while in stark contrast some runners have been braving the ultimate called the arctic as thirty five competitors from seventeen countries took part in the annual north pole garrison last week and said just plummeted below minus twenty six degrees celsius so it's not for nothing that the organizers promote the run was the world's coolest thing but the winner of britain's andrew murray not to be c

the marathon they stop after three stages of the two hundred fifty one kilometer race across the sahara desert in southern morocco well the men's leader is morocco's russian element to beat the defending champion turkeys both victory from as many stages on tuesday finishing the thirty five kilometer stage in two hours and thirty five minutes while all along klein also completed a hat trick of stage wings in the women's race and also remains on course to defend her title that's the french woman on the right and this wednesday stage that's just over eighty kilometers. west of stuff that's all the sport for this person has more in just under two hours until then i think. it's technology innovation all the developments around russia we've got the future . home. mom. thank you. very. much. you know sometimes you see a story and it seems so for langley is if you understand it and then you've learned something.

-based operator that's going to provide services throughout sub-sahara africa will carry in total theivalent of about 2500 hi-def tv channels, so if fred travels anywhere in that part of the world, we'll be able to follow him. [laughter] so that's the first one. broadband services from satellites, particularly in those parts of the world where terrestrial services are not available and probably won't be for the foreseeable future, is the second largest area. and then ubiquitous mobile data communications, primarily to connect machines with other machines instead of people with other people would be the third area. and then, finally, increasingly we see the u.s. military and the militaries of many of our allies relying on commercial satellites to connect our deployed forces around the world back home, those 375,000 or so troops that fred referred to earlier today receive about 80% of their communications through commercial satellite networks. so that's a fourth area that looks like it should continue to support growth in a variety of regions around the world. >> you both, you both ment

. >>> hundreds of brave runners are making their way across the sahara desert tonight.rueling race kicked off in morocco. part of the route takes the winners over difficult terrain of sand and rock. participates in the seven day race have to carry their own foods and supplies. but water and tents are supplied by the organizers. >> wow there's one for mark viviano. he would be up to it i'm sure. >> what kind of sneakers do you wear? >> it looks like they have something over it. >> maybe they cover it for the sand. >> i don't know. all i know is it would be hot. >>> jury selection begins for the man accused ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,, >>> the team gunman accuse ofd a deadly shooting at a high school in ohio is back in court -- accused of a deadly shooting. three students were killed and five were injured. he has yet to enter a plea. >>> four colorado state students are saying a group of football players attacked them. the freshman were walking down a sidewalk friday night when they say three men in an suv pulled up to them yelling profane slurs. one student yelled back, and the

it was a ten-week game you would play aec play, and we aimed first at people in sub sahara africa.lay it, learn about social enterprise, how to start your own business that could not only make a sustainable profit, but also tackle a social issue like clean water or clean energy. >> i think it is jane's greatest genius and contribution is that she is reframing the whole conversation about gaming. >> all right. this one is a really big talker. should babies sleep with their parents in a normal sized bed? lots of people do it, but experts often advise against it. and one woman did not heed that advice. let me set it up for you. a mom use loses her newborn son to a co-sleeping situation. and the very next year, she loses another newborn in the exact same way. and now, a jury has just conv t convicted her. listen to the story from our affiliate ktre? >> vanessa clark burst into tears as a guilty verdict was read. a jury decided she ensdangerred her young son by putting him into the same bed as her and her then husband. >> the jury said she engaged in conduct that placed a child in dange

i spent a lot of time in places in africa or west africa near the sahara desert.s get even drier and that's what you see before your eyes when you see the impoverished people that already have too little water, facing broughts and -- fameni. we have countries in collapse and then wars come in. we had that in the horn of africa, i was in yeminand could see the increased consequences of drought, sure enough explosion of violence. but every time i come back to washington, it's very hard to get the attention of our senior politicians until there's explosion. then we end up with military engagement and huge costs and all of that, because we really haven't gotten to the core of the problem, and that is places that are pour and destabilized by climate change are already being shaken. and the fact that climate change is destabilizing the global food supply. that's shaking governments around the world. i don't really know what it is going to take before people start noticing hey, this is bad. this is the whole planet involved in something that is increasingly dangerous. >>

we see this in the sahara. and some of it has to do with the cold war.e order on africa. there was a lot of manipulation, a lot of weapons that flowed in, a lot of bad things that happened. but there was more eyes on africa in a way then because africa was seen as strategically important. and places like central african republican where kony is now, nobody really cares about it, and that's why he is able to do what he is doing there. >> are the pirates that we hear about another version of this phenomena, no ideology, but essentially criminal gangs? >> yeah. i mean, the pirates, they just won't quit. it's amazing that the longevity and the ambition of these guys. there was just a hijacking where the pirates attacked a ship in the maldives, something like 2,000 miles east of somalia. and these are, you know, uneducated guys with rusty guns and flip-flops, you know, setting out to sea and, you know, derelict boats. they use mother ships now, which is like a hijacked tanker that they've taken, and that's their floating base. and they go out as far as they c

i was starting to wonder whether i was in fulton, missouri, or fulton sahara. [laughter] ..nd there we see church show and in a few moments, technical misery notwithstanding boeing actually get to watch a little video you can stop listening to me for a moment, we'll see. it is very hot inside. as you'd expect, the gym was built, meant to house about 500 people, but in fact teaching 2000 there. so even with windows open and was given a little sticky in the member states of the class entering jackets at home. churchill did forget his coat and sent a baffled and beleaguered aid running out to find a pen unfortunately when he got back to the states, churchill changed his mind and looked like he was crazy the man wrote later. but sure show truman at the podium into the sticky and overheated crowd can and putting them at ease and like then he too had been schooled at westminster. although in his case in the house of commons wasn't westminster england. churchill claims that private citizens taking for himself, the truly harry truman's very presence there on that stage and in his ho

in a public relations sahara right now.h them over the years hasn't always been pleasant frankly but that's competition. i had a particular unfortunate incident with them in 2004. i remember it distinctly. it was one i wrote up so i could look at it occasionally because i thought it was so wrong. but, look -- >> that was pre-blankfein. >> i don't want to go into it. i felt i wasn't treated right. >> as a client? >> as a partner. but that was pre-blankfein. i hi think blankfein has done a fabulous job there. they've gone through a bad especially. all of us have gone through times. >> i was a retail broker for ten or 11 years. you can't survive if you're not -- if the client doesn't do well. and if goldman consistently over the last 30 or 40 years, if they consistently put their interest ahead of their clients -- >> i don't believe they did. >> it seems like it comes home to roost sooner or later. >> it would. i don't believe they have. >> you run a firm. if did you that at bear stearns -- >> with our clients, you'd have noth

milton fredeman famously quiped, if you put the federal government in charge of the sahara desert, in five years there would be a shortage of sand. president obama has increasingly uped his rhetoric by suggesting that higher income taxpayers are avoiding their responsibility and not paying their fair share. instead of resorting to manipulative rhetoric, pitting one working american against another, the president and congress should work together to enact pro-growth economic policies to help put americans back to work. one of the biggest reasons our economy continues to struggle is because employers, both large and small, are filled with uncertainty. they look to washington to see more government spending, the desire for more taxes and more government regulations on the horizon. washington spending has been out of control for years, mr. speaker, and republicans and democrats certainly could have done more in the past to stop it. but the spending bin g that has occurred under -- binge that has occurred under president obama is truly unprecedented. president obama's proposed tax hikes bu