dr. winston was associate professor at m.i.t. dr. winston went university of california berkeley and the london school of economics. thank you for testifying. mr. kennedy, you are up first. your opening statement. >> each of the witnesses written's statements will be entered to the record in the entirety. and i ask each witness to summerrize the testimony in five minutes or less. to help you stay within the time there's a timing light on the table when it switches from green to yellow you have one minute to conclude your testimony. when the light turns red it means your time has expired. i'm more lenient than most. if you need to go on, that's fine with me. i now recognize mr. kennedy for five minutes. >> senator bacchus, ranking member cohen, thank you for the opportunity to testify today. my name is gary kennedy i'm the senior vice president for american airlines. i've been involved in both the chapter 11 restructuring of our company and the proposed merger between american and yairls. u.s. airways. the airline industry has experien

dr. winston. >> actually -- >> thank you, mr. chairman. >> thank you, mr. chairman. mr. johnson, you brought up earlier the demand from your customers to have a lot larger network so you would be able to serve more of their needs and be competitive with larger carriers. where do you see the balance between having that large network internally versus having partnerships to meet those demands? >> we would always prefer to do it internally if we could. partnerships survey purpose that accomplishes something like a network is in perfect replication of the network can usually indicate that when there is some reason you can't create the network you want, usually national ownership rules of airlines and things like that, bilateral agreements between countries for international flying. those are the things that lead to partnerships and business arrangements because you can't under the law achieve the network you want to. >> when you look at after the merger do you intend to maintain the partnerships you h