meters. and it turns out, if we express force in newtons distance in meters and energy in joules, the units will match. so we have no conversions to make. so this turns out to be 40,000 meters. we don't say 40,000 meters, we say 40 kilometers. so it turns out to be 40 kilometers. you know what this means, gang? in a car that is 100% efficient, you can't have that. make believe you can. 100% efficient, that means all the energy of the gasoline goes in the moving the car. nothing goes into the heat, nothing goes into the sound, nothing goes into the friction, huh? all into the car, there's a upper limit. if you have to push with 1,000 newtons, which is--was it reasonable-- then the greatest distance you can possibly get, nature's ultimate, is 40 kilometers. so this car will give you 40 kilometers per liter. and there's only one way you can get more. how's that? what is that? this is--huh? how can you get more distance? you go outside of your car and you push on it-- by changing the force, that's right. if you can decrease the force, then you can increase the distance. do you see that? and how do w

here, 'cause don't forget this distance above to that straight line is a 5 meter drop, which tells us how satellites operate. newton talked about that years ago. newton says consider a mountain high enough to be, not above gravity, a lot of people think above gravity, no, no, no, no, to be above the drag of the atmosphere. put a cannon on there and fire that cannonball and guess how fast it'll orbit. 8 kilometers per second... what you do is you orbit all the way around-- you're falling all the time, fall, fall, fall without ever hitting the ground. so that speed will put you in orbit. so next time you're watching the television set and you see they're gonna put some satellite into orbit, see the rocket go off. rocket climbing, climbing, climbing. pretty soon you'll see the rocket start to go sideways, right? should it? --better. what if just went... right back down, see? so it'll go up, gotta get up above the air drag and it's getting up, up, up and now it's gonna get level. and when it starts to get level, down below at mission control, they're pushing that thing up to guess how fast? past tense of eat, 8, okay?