moment rich with symbolism in the polish capital, where 25 years ago, the citizens of the old eastern bloc began to have their say. america's president among foreign leaders marking the end of our street. the history loving barack obama, this was a chance to celebrate and draw parallels between today in ukraine. bigger nations must not be allowed to bully the small or impose their will at the barrel .f a gun the stroke of a pin can never legitimize the theft of a neighbor's land. we will not accept russia's occupation of crimea or its file asian of ukraine's sovereignty and free nations will stand united and further russian provocations will only mean more isolation for russia. >> earlier of first meeting between mr. obama and ukraine's newly elected president, washington promising greater assistance. >> the united states has already stepped up in a number of ways. we are supplementing assistance that the imf is providing is $1 billion in additional loan guarantees and we have discussed additional steps that we might this reform during and transition process. >> with the americans pushing

the new book reveals that on a trip to the eastern bloc at the height of the cold war, she defied stricta secret meeting with a russian female cosmonaut. >> sally had purposely worn that night under her blouse a t-shirt that she had worn on orbit during the sds 7 flight and said to vher i would look to give yo this. >> the investigation into the challenger explosion, she was handed a key document showing that nasa had knowledge of the faulty equipment believed to have led to the disaster. she wanted the troouth how to g out and wanted to protect her source as well. so she quitely leaked it. >> this was a smart, brave, at times, sly, calculating woman? >> she was a great diplomat. she would have been an extraordinary, senator, congresswoman, president, you name it. >> sally ride died two years ago at age 61 from cancer. >> what do you conclude based on all these surprising things you learned about her in the course of writing the book? >> she was the person that i thought she was. but she was much more. she had so much more to her. there were so many deeper layers that she chose not to le

why do you think we see so much out of the eastern bloc? >> i think you hit on it.he talent is amazing. if you look at what is coming out of the russian market, these space -- specificity, they are very stealthy. this is different from the chinese market. it is noisy, easily discovered, with a letter finger prints on what they are. russians are very stealthy, typically. you see a 30-year-old hacker, very bright and talented. i think you hit on someone that is important. it is hard to arrest these individuals because they are sometimes protected in these markets around the world. the indictments to the chinese military will probably not have an outcome or official arrest >> . -- >> we don't want to send guys over there will to arrest him showing badges. for your company, do you have to have different types of protection for your clients when you are looking at the risks of chinese hackers as opposed to eastern european? >> you really do. the russian market is focused for crime. a lot of four-dollar -- for- dollar type of attacks. the chinese has been for espionage. >

why do we see so much out of the eastern bloc? >> the talent is amazing.f you look out of the western market, the sophistication that they have, they are very stealthy him a very sophisticated. this is different from the chinese market, where they are splash. they make a big i think you hit on something that is important, it is hard to arrest and indictees individuals because they are often protected in these markets around the world. the indictments of the chinese military are not going to have an outcome or arrest officially. >> we will not be able to send anyone with a search warrant. let's talk about china and how that differs for your company. do you have to have very different kind of action for your client when you're looking at the risks from chinese hackers as opposed to eastern european? >>. has beenan market about economic attacks, the chinese market has been about espionage. >> how do those look very different? calleds a concept advanced persistent threat, that has evolved under the china market because it is persistent over a long. e, with the

the eastern bloc was supporting castro with military assistance. >> many latin americans were shockedch communist equipment castro actually has. >> the sense was that kennedy has to do something about castro. >> when kennedy comes to the presidency he's briefed on the fact there's a plan in place to topple castro. >> but the plan that's presented to him is not what he wants. it's a huge invasion on a noisy beach. it is going to look like a u.s. invasion of cuba so he says to the cia we can't be associated with this. i want something that's believably cuban. >> this is ron often in miami standing in one of the many anti-castro recruiting places in the city. >> they were into communism and we found there's something against castro, we learned where it was a recruiting center and approached them and joined. we had no it was the cia. >> since 2:00 this morning, men and boys have been filing through this door behind me anxious to join the fight in cuba against fidel castro's government. >> they were mainly cuban exiles. they hated castro. they thought that they could mount a small scale in

i would suspect that it could be russian or eastern bloc pilots who will fly the sortees. that will be interesting for russian, sympathetic air cruise in the air and russian forces onned ground. >> the iraqi officers appear convinced they can defeat the insur insurge ents, how really equipped are they in their push towards baghdad? >> they are determined. the equipment varies. there's a lot of captured equipment from the iraqi army. they captured equipment in syria, they are well equipped, certainly in terms of unfantry soldiers, grouped-based - -- ground-based, they have a fair amount of equipment. the iraqi army is more determined, because that is the thing that they lacked at the initial stages. what we'll see is a very fears fight for tikrit and mosul, and other areas in the next few days and weeks. >> thank you very much, indeed, for your insight. a consultant fellow a the the royal united services institute in london. >>> the sunni rebellion has drawn several factions into sometimes an uneasy alines. i.s.i.l. attracted the most media, but there are others with their

. >> the irony of it is that when the eastern bloc countries, the soviet union and communist countries in eastern europe are moving away from centralized planning, this very act that we're about to take up on the floor, the clean air act amendments, moouchs america in the direction precisely where the communist system wants to lead. >> this could seriously threaten our nation's economic expansion. >> the bill that's before this senate, the so-called clean air act of 1990, in my opinion will be able to -- will be able to put this country in a regulatory recession all on its own right because of the lack of productivity, the lack of competitiveness that we will generate and find from our american economy. >> that was 1990. during the debate over what george h.w. bush said he want dodd with the clean air act. despite those predictions that the sky would fall and god would have his revenge, the george h.w. bush administration passed the amendment to the clean air act and it took those giant and ultimately effective steps towards stopping acid rain and repairing the hole in the to ozone lay

the one thing there is not going to be is the establishment on the soil of the former eastern bloc ofnt u.s. military bases. that would be a step too far. so that's not going to happen, but he is talking, president obama that is, about this european reassurance initiative up to a billion dollars if congress approves it to help a number of countries in the region. he mentioned moldova and georgia in that list to beef up their security. it comes on top of the white house saying that they're going to improve the level of military assistance to the government in key eb, including for the first time night vision equipment and body armor. so it does feel like a stiffening of u.s. resolve. >> and i suppose also the reference to article 5 in nato which effectively means you attack one of us, you attack all of us, we'll always come to your defense, that received a resounding round of approval, didn't it. >> it did. >> as you would expect but still important. >> yeah, and including in that reference to article 5 estonia, latvia, lithuania, romania, all other countries in that eastern region who

and west that's been redefined by putin in his effort to restore the former soviet union, the eastern bloc countries are very nervous about what happens with a very aggressive putin. and they're very nervous because they wonder, do they have an ally in the united states. and they wonder if they can hang on for another 2 1/2 years until a new president is elected that is going to believe in america and a robust america, an america that defends itself, an america that's bonned with its allies, an america that has tax and regulatory policies that allows for the growth of our free enterprise system so that we can see an economic vigor that will drive our economy here and give us confidence in who we are again and go to the furthest outreaches of the world where americans are doing business and country -- and country after country. the american chamber of commerce, in nation a after nation, become the ambassadors for the united states. they teach the world about trade and free enterprise. they teach the world about, we have an american -- it's not a hyper nationalism. what it is is, very active

we were talking about the soviet bloc. easternopean we talk about south korea, north korea, taiwan, china. foras obvious we should go democracy. that was the time in 1986 that my university started a demonstration and it went nationwide. me, even at that time studying at the united states already, but when i heard there were student demonstrators on the streets, my thoughts were they should have done it long ago. democracy.e are for in 1989 in the spring, that was not a surprise. sense of the mix of things. and openness were on the mind but other issues as well. >> there were a bunch of different issues bringing people onto the streets. useful shorthand that really disguise the whole complexity of what was happening . originally, the demands were for more freedoms. a very significant portion of byple were angered profiteering. in liberal party leader at the time, his sons were a target of the protesters because they were seen as having profiteer and or got into business. nepotism is a big issue. when i was looking at what had they

bloc. refusing to give up. human rights activists. for the people. at the top stories over the weekend of today this is the weekly international with me will receive. many residents of ukraine's eastern city of square were forced to spend another night in the basement. is continuing its military operation in the region one local activist said the latest attacks involved. citizens were caught in the crossfire this week as shells hit a school a hospital and a number of residential buildings. are now reporting on how the violence is affecting civilians who are caught in the grip of chaos. it was the single worst day of fatality since fighting began among the dead dozens of civilians terror shattered glass and mortar shells the cooling card of the ukrainian army as it pushed deeper into eastern ukraine. we ran with a first year children we heard a loud bang we were very scared everyone was screaming and we didn't know where to run. my son was crying he had a panic attack it's awful that children are being put through this how could they sell the city without making sure there were no children there a school a hospital and residential buildings all on the receiving end of kiev's rough as