coney til now, we are a trillion times more spectrally efficient than we were in marchcone's time -- marcone's time. so it's not as crazy as it sounds. >> now, wireless carriers would say dynamic spectrum access is good, particularly it allows folks to share spectrum like government agencies and wireless carriers. they would contend it's not ready for prime time on a wide scale basis. you have to, perhaps, test that over some time. what would be your reaction to that? >> guest: of course. none of these things happen quickly, and that's why this observation that i made that there has been a continuous improvement, there hasn't really been a smooth improvement p. it happens in spurts. cellular was a big improvement in spectrum efficient city. efficiency. but the smart antenna technology we talk about is available today. and, in fact, the people that are writing the standards for lte have announced that this month the standard will include enough technology to improve spectral efficient city by at least -- efficiency by at least 37 times. that's nod that's not the future. so it makes you wonder w