for the white house. what about edith roosevelt? >> she had managed the governor's mansion in albany quite successfully. they had to move from their home on long island back and forth. she would be there in the summer when he was the civil service commissioner in washington. she was used to packing up the servants in the households and moved back and forth. she is somebody who knew how to manage things. he was not good with money. he overdrew his checking account all the time. she would organize him and the children. she was a good manager. that is what the first lady needs to do. >> one of the things that has been delightful about the series there are up couple of things. we are learning a lot, but we also learn in what you are interested in. in a few minutes, we will take telephone calls. let me give you the phone numbers. also, a conversation already going on facebook. you can join it by logging on facebook's c-span page and log into the mix. what we will be asking tonight about edith roosevelt and her

it is all white, the little white house.ould like to welcome you to the harry s truman little white house. officialrida's presidential museum and has been used by seven american presidents. it is camp david south. the little white house was built homee navy commander's back in 1890. it has served a number of various commanders over almost a 100-year span, but it was slightly interrupted by presidents taft and franklin roosevelt and harry truman and white eisenhower and jimmy carty and bill clinton, and department of state and the department of defense, so we seem to have a continuum through american history. largestlding was the building on the naval base. this was 9000 square feet. and consequently, it was built originally as the paymaster and commander's home. by 1911, army commander realized since we are getting a little snug, emerged it into a single dwelling of almost 9000 square feet. and at that time, key west was the command headquarters were the seventh naval district, which covered everything from key west to charl

the word white.i think that gives both terms a sign of respect. was that intentional on your part? >> yes we are all here together. yes. i have black friends and white friends. i love. i love my white friends and i love my black friends. people want to believe that when you talk about black-and-white there's race issues, no it's about history. it's about about putting out there what's really going on. what i really want to impart is that we really need to know what's going on. you cannot say you, you, you didn't do this or you did this. it's all about. it's all about coming together and working this out. it's much respect for each side in each community. >> this is the white house press corps as a whole, do they show the same kind of respect? >> while historically you know what happened 70 years ago. >> tell everyone who harry was and how he was honored by the white house for his association at its 100th dinner. >> you're going to make me cry. seventy years ago there was a gentleman by the name of ha

for theania, was headed white house, not the capitol. those who fought back on that plane, i believe, saved my life. i was fortunate enough to later attend their memorial service i. shanksville. when i decided to retire in 2007, the president and mrs. bush surprised me beyond belieft with a large reception and inviting individuals from every administration i had served. at a small ceremony before the reception, he presented me with the presidential award for distinguished civilian service.e on a number of occasions, i've talked about the relationship of the residence staff and the sidt first families. .resident staff is a unique group both in their dedication to the presidency and their eah varied and professional talents. we develop a strong relationshib with each family, and that is of not only a bond of respect for the presidency, but also a fondness of shared experience. at the end of each administration, just before the president greats the new president elect at the north portico, we share one last emotional good-bye.r the resident

the white house.us mrs. kennedy, in 1961, 6/3, did a tremendous job as we heard -- earlier today. but mrs. nixon, about ten years later, working with the curator of the white house, did a gainin tremendous amount of behind the scenes work gaining original white house items and original white house antiques furnishings... mrs. ford, a great promoter of women's rights, breast cancer, e drug and alcohol awareness and she was very involved in the white house tours.ite mrs. carter, her efforts to broaden awareness. not many people know about that, but she did a tremendous effort there. mrs. reagan raised private funds for redecoration. once again, this is ten years later.a 10 y 61, 7 1, 81, there seems to be s ten-year theme on redecorating the white house. the monies that she raised for private funds redecoration and the white house china service that she was criticized so terribly for.na servi we hadn't had a china service for so many years that we didn'v even have enough pieces of china from one service to ser

mamie loved to entertain at the white house. the eisenhowers entertained a record number of heads of state. even the president had to get her approval if he wanted to use any of the rooms of the mansion, because she controlled the schedule. they hosted -- or mamie hosted the first white house performance of musical theater music. selections from hit shows then on broadway. that was one of her favorites. then there was another side of mamie. when the president had his heart attack in 1955, she took charge. she took over the flow of work to the president. everything had to go through her to be reviewed. visitors, meetings. she limited his schedule based on medical advice. she strictly managed his diet. she played a similar role when he had an operation in 1956, and then in 1957, he had a mild stroke. he was supposed to attend a state dinner, and she wouldn't let him do it. she convinced vice president nixon he had to attend in his place. because of the president's health issues, his heart issues, mamie became very aware of heart d

harding into the white house. so can you please talk about the campaign a little bit and how at a time when women were not supposed to be out in front, and they weren't, mrs. harding, was it true that she rather knew women would kind of be instrume instrumental in putting her husband in the white house? is that safe to say? >> i think it is safe to say. to make a note, all three of these women were tied in the same administration. mrs. hoover, of course the wife of herbert hoover, he is the setting of commerce in the harding administration. so is all three knew each other and were linked in the harding administration. mrs. harding of course is reluctantly put in the place of campaigning for her husband, so she says. okay. she is not enthused about him running for president at first. once he decides to throw his hat in the ring, she's in 110%. and she really demonstrated that through the campaign. she was comfortable with the press. because she considered herself to be a newspaper woman. she wasn't a writer for the

the white house.us mrs. kennedy, in 1961, 6/3, did a tremendous job as we heard -- earlier today. but mrs. nixon, about ten years later, working with the curator of the white house, did a gainin tremendous amount of behind the scenes work gaining original white house items and original white house antiques furnishings... mrs. ford, a great promoter of women's rights, breast cancer, e drug and alcohol awareness and she was very involved in the white house tours.ite mrs. carter, her efforts to broaden awareness. not many people know about that, but she did a tremendous effort there. mrs. reagan raised private funds for redecoration. once again, this is ten years later.a 10 y 61, 7 1, 81, there seems to be s ten-year theme on redecorating the white house. the monies that she raised for private funds redecoration and the white house china service that she was criticized so terribly for.na servi we hadn't had a china service for so many years that we didn'v even have enough pieces of china from one service to ser

white house. she does domestic, she does foreign. we chase her all the time. it's great to have her perspective on the panel, too. immediately to my left is josh lederman of the associated press. he works at the white house booth of the ap jim avila works for abc news. my old colleague from chicago. he now covers the white house for abc. scott horsley is white house correspondent for npr and a member of the whca board. peter baker is correspondent for "the new york times." and, of course, carol lee. so, yeah, let's give them a hand. [ applause ] >> thank you. i really love the range of winners we have this year because when you put this group of four people together and look at the way they've covered the beat, they really show a diverse approach to covering the white house. each has excelled in sort of a distinct way of doing their job. i want to start with josh lederman, who did some classic beat reporting on the secret service. has everybody heard of the fence jumper? you know what a fence jump

white house. the monies that she raised for private funds redecoration and the white house china service that she was criticized so terribly for.na servi we hadn't had a china service for so many years that we didn'v even have enough pieces of china from one service to serve a state dinner. in fact, her first question to chiethf usher rick scouton when they were coming into the white house is what does the white house need the most? and he told her a white house china service for 200 people. that's what she went about doing and i used the line just say no program on drugs. mrs. barbara bush, her promotion of childhood literacy and literacy for adults increased support for the white house committee for preservation of the white house and the redecoration efforts throughouti the executive residence and establishing the white house endowment fund, a $25 million fund so that private funds are available to keep the public rooms of the white house the way you see them when you go and visit.closed and ce

. >> get the white man! get the white man! >> it was the most widespread, most destructive racial violence in american history. white people driving through the riot area were considered fair game, whether young or old, men or women. their cars were battered, rioters stoned, kicked, beaten. and the cars were burned. the mobs might grow and curse in disappointment when a white got away and cheer when a car up in flames like a football crowd. the burning and looting, the shooting and beating went on for nearly a week. 34 persons were killed. all but five of them negroes. more than 1,000 persons injured or wounded. more than 200 business places destroyed by fire, 700 more smashed, looted and damaged. negroes with 50,000, 60 million or more. nearly 4,000 persons arrested. the cost in dollars even now is hard to estimate. nearly 4,000 persons arrested. >> shut it off and get out of that car with your hands up. all of you. the one in the back seat, too. come on, get out. get your hands up, i said. drop that purse and get your hands

they are still white men, you have this loyalty to a white supremacy and white man's government you are going to face , opposition by many. dr. lee: especially democrats are going to be opposed to disenfranchising white men. right? this is the idea this is a white men's government. these are white men. they are capable of acting as good citizens. we should restore them to their rights and privileges. why else? why else might congressmen oppose disenfranchisement, prohibiting former confederates from voting? what do you think? >> you would be alienating them when you are trying to get the country back together. a bunch of people whose rights you have taken away and they might try to start up another rebellion or something like that that is going to give you a lot of grief when you are trying to put the country back together. dr. lee: there are the opinions of the white disenfranchised. there is the white democratic opposition. also those disenfranchised. think about it. as we talked about, during the civil war, there was a white unionist population but it was a minority of the southern p

a white northerner. the white northerners at this time kind of wanted race to go away, or, you know, it's kind of, "that's just -- oh, yes, that's right. the problems with the blacks down in the south and booker t. -- booker t. washington. you know, we'll make progress," a bit of a benign neglect. wilson is much more like that. the southerners were absolutely obsessed with it. i mean, they're the ones who want to make sure that blacks are in their place, who feel menaced by this, who want to push things like segregation. wilson's sins here i think are more sins of omission. ms. swain: before we leave ellen wilson's life, i've been telling you each week we have -- we have this well-populated website, c-span.org/firstlady, and it's filled with all the video and all the programs we've done so far in this series. each week, we also have a special features of -- attached to the first lady we're looking at. and, this week, it is on ellen's artwork. so, if you go to the website, you want to learn more about her

white tie and tails, why? >> we consider white tie and tails casual. you don't spend a saturday at home in white tie and tails. i'm kind of shocked. but with the gridiron club, it is tradition. that is what they wore at the beginning and we've stuck to it. there have certainly been conversations about changing it. president franklin roosevelt was a big lobbyist to try to get it to change. in fact his final exchange with gridiron club was a letter about a week before he died in 1945 in which he explained, i can't come to the dinner, i'll be in warm springs, georgia. but he said i notice in the invitation it was black tie. and he said hooray, you are finally changing it. they had to explain to him, that was just a -- it was a war-time thing so they weren't doing white tie and tails in the middle of a war, even though it was nearing an end. >> let's talk about presidents and the gridiron club. any president refuse to show up. >> the very first president. the founding of the gridiron club came at a time of real tension between the press and public official

than white traitors. as a one republican put it loyal men of whatever color have more right to the ballot than disloyal men. even republicans doubtful of the merits of lack suffrage expressed this opinion. for example, one republican said , i am not sure. i am not sure black men are ready for the vote. but i know, i am positive, white men are not ready for the vote. this kind of goes against your point. they did not believe former confederates would recognize the freedom of these african-american men and women. they thought they therefore temporarily needed to be disfranchised. otherwise, they would be put back in a position of subordination. they saw that with the black codes permit of violence towards african americans. as they are seeking to make something meaningful of their freedom, they are facing resistance from white southerners. this congressman put it, if i am asked which i would sooner trust, i would answer i prefer to trust the meanest black man with a loyal heart who wore the chains of slaver

striking, but was the white man responses also less distinguished they began to crowd in white got askedrom guns to protect decided to call regard to the riot worsened. we have advertise this beach for a long time. they have hundreds of reservations. and do myup commitment, but if it was not made i would not go. came for his he absence for the city. let for his legendary luncheon date in san francisco, chief parker, the manager at an man on the spot from the beginning now had hard words for the peacemakers he had earlier encouraged. >> i am not going to play games with well-meaning people who lack expertise. the people are getting hurt her police and innocent citizens, and the writers are prevailing . >> character of the writing change. says, major looting became general. in one shopping area, thousands of negroes stole everything they could carry and number and what was left. what had been skirmishing before between police and hit run negro groups became a wholesale exercise in dealing and burning, with evidence of organized efforts in the manufacture and use of molotov cocktails. the e

>> whites? dr. lee: more generally, the former confederates but also whites. he said, the federal government has never before offered these kinds of actions. -- protections. the bureau did provide for white southerners as well as black southerners. i think his perspective is significant because it shows how what is going on here during congressional reconstruction was a profound shift. a shift in the notion of who constitutes our people. you see congressional republicans trying to include african-americans into our people. you see this resistance to it by people like andrew johnson and also democrats who say, this is a white man's government. >> i am not quite familiar with this process on how did johnson become part of this? dr. lee: this is a little-known fact which many people are not necessarily aware of but during the civil war, we talked about the election of 1864, abraham lincoln, the candidate, did not run under the banner of the republican party. he renamed the party the national union party. it was renamed in an attempt to create a coalition. the rep

lee white's wife. of white's friends, lawrence scott and william brown, were also beneficiaries. brown had been convicted a few years earlier for fraud. >> lawrence scott and william brown both had affiliations with the funeral home and with mr. white, also were beneficiaries on the policy. and the familial relationship that was cited there was one of being cousins. they weren't cousins. >> coincidentally, the insurance policies also contained an accidental death provision, meaning there was an extra payout of $350,000 if frankie pullian died in an accident. the last of the policies was issued just five days before frankie's death. frankie's medical records indicated he was released from the military because he was neurologically impaired. >> i think within six to eight months, he was released, discharged from the service because he couldn't pass the particular tests that were required of him. >> yet, the man who underwent the physical examination for the life insurance policies was not neurologically

began to look for a white male in a white truck. >> unfortunately there were 35,000 white pickup trucks registered in the baton rouge area. woman: this is not exactly what i expected. man: definitely more murdery than the reviews said. captain obvious: this is a creepy room. man: oh hey, captain obvious. captain obvious: you should have used hotels.com. their genuine guest reviews are written by guests who have genuinely stayed there. instead of people who lie on the internet. son: look, a finger. captain: that's unsettling. man: you think? captain: all the time. except when i sleep. which i would not do here. hotels.com would have mentioned the finger. iand i'm jerry bell the third. i'm like a big bear and he's my little cub. this little guy is non-stop. he's always hanging out with his friends. you've got to be prepared to sit at the edge of your seat and be ready to get up. there's no "deep couch sitting." definitely not good for my back. this is the part i really don't like right here. (doorbell) what's that? a package! it's a swiffer wetjet. it almost feels like it's moving itself.

held by a party of white men.the men on the recover bank called for the boat to come closer. give us the news. something bothered ross about the men. i told them i had no news worth to their attention. they had orders of soldiers nearby to stop any boat. come to us the men concluded or we will come to you. ross didn't come. damn my soul if those two are indians, referring of two of ross' crew. ross claimed that one of his companions was spanish. they mounted their horses and galloped off. ross had to assume the men were serious. the united states had declared war on britain and nations had taken the english. the frontier was in turmoil. the white horse men would not pause to find out that the cherokee was loyal to the united states and they could only travel to one direction. they had little to escape. ross decided on a precaution he whitened the boat. he told the horse men there were no indians on board and the best safe was to make the claim. he modified the racial composition of his crew leaving only those who

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she saw it as her husband coming into the white house and herself coming into the white house. it was a very ceremonious occasion for her. she marked this occasion not only her entry into the white the first ladies' collection. we're going to open it up for house, but really then added it as a mark of first ladies on the united states when she became the first first lady to donate her inaugural gown to the smithsonian institution. she happened to be the first lady when the founders of the first ladies' collection, mrs. hooves and mrs. james were putting the collection together. and they met helen taft at a lunch commemorating dolly madison. they asked her if she would be interested in this new collection they were putting together, this exhibit they were putting together on the first ladies. they were trying to acquire something from every first lady, every presidential administration. mrs. taft generously offered to lend and then finally donate her inaugural gown to the collection. she's really the founding patron in many ways of the first ladies' collection and she establishe

the white bass privilege thing.hen you are showing the thing about dylann roof, it was white privilege when they took him to get a sandwich after they arrested entered when your essay like person, they are being handcuffed, hogtied and everything, so white riblets exist, so when we talk about this idea -- so white privilege exists, so when we talk with his idea, until white people, been say reparations for black people in america because everybody who has been wronged in america has reparations, and the white privilege that have, when you locked of our people -- bruce: we have not heard from the gentleman right here with the hat on. white privilege -- here is the thing, louis ck said you can get in a time machine and go anywhere. today, i can go anywhere in the planet, i am walking down a street and a hoodie, i know i will be fine. other people cannot do that. that is what is important to understand, that people who are black in this country, latino in this country, if you are not white, if you're not a man in this

many people know about the poor white students killed at kent state. few people know about the students killed at jackson state but there were at least eight black students killed, many many more wounded and injured on various college campuses during these years. at jackson state police open fire into the windows of a women's dormitory. can you imagine that, at openly firing into women's dormitory. they killed two young black man at southern university in baton rouge in 1972. they just fired into a crowd. they killed these two students in the back that were fleeing. the same thing happened at orangeburg south carolina in 1968. law enforcement shot and killed three students in the back as they were running away. so this is an example of the kind of heavy-handed lethal in many cases resistance and opposition that student space to were trying to literally improve their colleges, gain access to the middle class. colleges are seen as the bedrock of a mayer and dream. students were trying to realize that for themselves and ensuing generations in a faced mass

if you are not white. bruce: erin, one of our really talented producers here, told me when we were rehearsing about a conversation she had with a black female colleague. erin, tell us about that conversation. erin: i was shopping and telling the story to a black coworker, and i was kind of puzzled as to why i was in a fancy, upscale bethesda store, and know what that high me, no one greeted me, and my black coworker's response was, well, they do not think you are going to steal. if i walk into the same sort, they will be like hi, how are you doing, let me help you with this. they kind of tail them. it never occurred to me that would happen. i just thought it was bad customer service and not someone profiling shoppers. bruce: a show of hands here, how many people are followed going into a store? ok, let's see. well, whatever, if you are followed, you are followed. ok, show of hands. the white gentleman in the back here has been followed. talk to me. stand up. i need to get a mic over to you. why do you thin

you have white rule in black majority. and so there is an inversion of the power structure. >> the police were largely white, the community was overwhelmingly african-american. >> yes. and the poverty structure is different as well. it is majority white and mostly black. so i think that eric lerner, this issue is real. and it's not obama, who? but everything comes to a president and this is the thing that bothers me. we forget so easily. why are you asking him if he is going to go to ferguson. why not to race issues have come to every president in the book. lbj, john f. kennedy, eisenhower all of these presidents have dealt with issues and acted on it. so people need to understand and so it comes to the president and he is the one who can effectuate change. >> bill clinton, did he come close to african americans considered an apology for slavery? >> there was a speech that he gave when in africa. he did not apologize for slavery. it was a back-and-forth fight between the white house and i will never forget it. and i said t

the white house.us mrs. kennedy, in 1961, 6/3, did a tremendous job as we heard -- earlier today. but mrs. nixon, about ten years later, working with the curator of the white house, did a gainin tremendous amount of behind the scenes work gaining original white house items and original white house antiques furnishings... mrs. ford, a great promoter of women's rights, breast cancer, e drug and alcohol awareness and she was very involved in the white house tours.ite mrs. carter, her efforts to broaden awareness. not many people know about that, but she did a tremendous effort there. mrs. reagan raised private funds for redecoration. once again, this is ten years later.a 10 y 61, 7 1, 81, there seems to be s ten-year theme on redecorating the white house. the monies that she raised for private funds redecoration and the white house china service that she was criticized so terribly for.na servi we hadn't had a china service for so many years that we didn'v even have enough pieces of china from one service to ser

white people, white people do more drugs in this country than black people because black people makeer majority -- . >> do you know why that is? >> yes. >> you do know why that is? why is that. >> because black people, it's about real estate to some extent. there has been a systemic subjugation through real estate. black people are ghettoized in this country. >> they have to live there. is that what you're telling me. >> you're getting to a bad place my friend. what made your culture. do you think your up bringing gave you values, ethic. >> yes, it did. >> you didn't grow up rich, right. >> no. >> you worked hard. >> right. >> you lived where? >> levitttown, new york. >> it gave you a nice stable, a cheap home. there's no down payments, incredible opportunity. all of those houses were subsidized. >> they weren't subsidized, it was for gi's and the gi's got a mortgage they could afford. >> look you're making a huge mistake. >> no. let me just ask you a question. did that up bringing leave a mark on you evengc today. >> of course. every upbriggs leaves a mark. >> could black people li

he now covers white house for a abc. scott horsely white house correspondent. peter baker correspondentve for "new york times" and, of course, carol lee. let's give them a hand. >> i really love the range of winners we have this year, ethe because when you put this group of four people together and looa at the way they've covered the beat, they really show a diverse approach to covering the white house.excell and each has excelled in a distinct way of doing their job. i want to start with josh yo lederman who does classic beat reporting on the secret service has everybody heard of the fence jumper. you ever heard of the fence jumperfo? that's someone who climbs the fence and typically gets tackled before they make it over but one night that was not the case.som and josh lederman was standing his post, at the ap booth. why don't you pick it up from there? >> i think it was around 8:00 p.m. or so. most of the correspondents at the white house had already left for the evening, the news day was basically over.ite even there were a handful of us from the wires and f

so white privilege exists.ou talk about this idea that we do justice, to white people speak of truth for the sake reparation for blog for america because a buddy that has been wronged in america has been, has had reparations, and the white privilege that they have come when you lock up our people and you -- >> let's go to the gentleman right here with the hat on. >> white privilege is very real. louis ck's agenda and timesheet and go anywhere i could go anywhere on this planet, was i'm walking down the street and nobody i can get anywhere, i know i'm going to be fine. of the people cannot do that. that's what's important understand the if you are black in this country, like you, if you're not white, not a man in this country, crazy thing can happen to you. that's white privilege, that i can do what i want and i'm going to be okay. i can't always be said if you're not white. >> one of our really talented producers are told me a story when we were rehearsing about a conversation she had with a black female colleg

susan swain: just being a baby at the white house. william seale: at the white house.usan swain: right. so what was life at the white house like? william seale: crowded. and lots and lots of entertaining. the evening was absolutely absorbed with it. and, remember, the office was in the house at the other end of the hall from the family quarters. so it was -- there were about 15 servants, as i recall, most federal employees from the agencies, and they are paid from the agencies. and all these children and the routine of a private house, plus the public activities, it was a very busy place. susan swain: we mentioned at the outset that the first lady was an artist, and we're going to learn a little bit more about the kind of art she particularly loved, but first let's do a few calls. i'm going to talk to horace, who is watching us in philadelphia. hi, horace. you're on, your question? horace: thank you for taking my call -- susan swain: yeah, before you ask your question, would you mute the volume on your tv? we're getting feedback. horace: sure. thank you for taking my c

really [bleep] white. (laughter) even powder is like that's one white lady. that's a white lady.'s white. but that-- underrated, underrated. so this woman took this lie very far. at this point, you got to wonder, does she even know she's lying any more. >> are you african-american? >> i done-- i don't understand the question (laughter) >> jon: do her mouth says, i don't understand the question. but her eyes say [bleep] [bleep]. i'm busted. now an on-camera interview like that is generally followed by, well, let's see what it is followed by. >> rachel dolezal has stepped down now as president of spokane washington's chapter of the n.a.a.c.p.. >> jon: yeah, that's usually how it goes. and so ends another uniquely bizarre segment of whaaat? unless of course somebody wants to take a singular incident, unrepresentative of any large err construct or trend and force it into the exhausting 24 hour benghazi obama phone culture war dog whistle who gives [bleep]. >> we limit the society where we subsidize identity. >> i think it's typical of liberal. >> the lib call-- liberalment in this is

they represent anywhere from 20% to 40% of the white population. and very little had been written about these.

not provide independence for all white men. it provided a good living for lots of planters and lots of landed farmers that were able to make a go of it. but partly, slavery prevented those people from being able to make it economic way. increasingly, it became hard to buy land if you did not have the resources. piedmont,tral agriculture was becoming increasingly commercialized. the railroad was built through here. so you see this kind of dramatic increase and farmers growing tobacco and growing more wheat. they could sell it to market. there was a rise in the price of land. it was only somewhat difficult for people that did not have resources to get land, it became even more difficult as time went on. and then land was out of the reach of some of the poorest white. if they were in north carolina, some that stayed would be this permanent lower-class that existed. a lot of them went to places like mississippi. that land was perceived as being very valuable. in northeast mississippi, it was taken from the chickasaw indians. there

churches to talk to young white men to recruit considering this just happened with the white man in the black church. >> yes. one i will be engaged with the new york city police department with their recruiting drive and the commissioner is quite interested in the book and is recruiting people from the book and training people who are interested in the book. so whenever the class's are, i will be speaking to them generally. i will attempt to help them with the recruitment of young blacks on to the police force and there are many organizations that are not black oriented the public library, historical society, and hunter college and other organizations run will be speaking so i think the audiences will be broader. but i did want to get to the black churches. >> will you sign the book? train wreck i will sign anything except a check. [laughter] >> i am curious about the book, how did you change as you were writing this book? >> i will talk a little bit about my own racial history and development. with i was raised in long island. there in the early '50's it was strictly segregated tow

she was very close to her during the white house years. they had a will the of dogs, particularly, and some cats. tragedy for the hoovers was not death of a child or death of a spouse, but the older of their two sons, herbert hoover jr., who came to be known as pete by the family, contracted th eed e tuberculosis. no cure. second of all, we left track of how severe and prevalent that illness was in a lot of different parts of the country. lou, in her typical take charge, i got this sort of frame of mind, collects information on all the different potential sanitariums where pete with cca. they have tons of letters from well-meaning people telling them how this can be cured. she eventually settles on the sanitarium in ashville, north carolina. they arrange for pete to go there. they thought about having him at the camp that lou and bert had built in the mountains, but they decided that pete really -- it was very inaccessible do they decided he needed to be where there was more attentive care and somewhere it was easily accessible. pete's wif

white people, white people do more drugs in this country than black people because black people makeou know why that is? >> yes. >> you do know why that is? why is that. >> because black people, it's about real estate to some extent. there has been a systemic subjugation through real estate. black people are ghettoized in this country. >> they have to live there. is that what you're telling me. >> you're getting to a bad place my friend. what made your culture. do you think your up bringing gave you values, ethic. >> yes, it did. >> you didn't grow up rich, right. >> no. >> you worked hard. >> right. >> you lived where? >> levitttown, new york. >> it gave you a nice stable, a cheap home. there's no down payments, incredible opportunity. all of those houses were subsidized. >> they weren't subsidized, it was for gi's and the gi's got a mortgage they could afford. >> look you're making a huge mistake. >> no. let me just ask you a question. did that up bringing leave a mark on you evengc today. >> of course. every upbriggs leaves a mark. >> could black people life in levit town. >> not

community and siding with the white community.enerally, you will not have a lot of cases of ink brought area the kinds of rights that african-american would receive before the decade is over is national law. beginning with the 13th amendment that is ratified in 1865, slavery is eliminated throughout the country. you have 8000 people still enslaved once the emancipation proclamation was issued. many people not freed immediately by the proclamation just because lincoln issued it on january 1, 1863 does not mean southern whites are abiding by the ruling, just ignoring it. black men and women have to get to the union line. or they run away. in terms of rights, the 13th amendment in december 1865 as a 14th amendment granting citizenship and due process of the constitutional amendment and the ratification of the right to vote, the 15th amendment in 1870. these are national laws. they are not always recognized in the states. there are still attempts to suppress the black vote and all kinds of ways that people are not receiving due proces

man in new york -- white men in new york. it was this unjust law that agitated frederick douglas who was a resident of the state of new york in the period. black men and places such as pennsylvania and new york had complained of the disadvantage for decades and continue to agitate against the injustice throughout the war. they tied the right to vote to the service like men were rendering to the union cause on the battlefield for frederick douglas's argument that the black man could not be denied a political voice was he a donned the union blue and have risked his all for the cause resonated with black men across the country. southern blechman bank, freeborn and afraid, did not -- black men freeborn and free did not wait for their right to vote for indicative of their efforts is a petition signed by 1000 black men delivered to lincoln in 1864 requesting they be allowed to register. they were residents of new orleans and many members of the relatively prosperous free black community. their wealth and education, the product of g

if you are not white. bruce: erin, one of our really talented producers here, told me when we were rehearsing about a conversation she had with a black female colleague. erin, tell us about that conversation. erin: i was shopping and telling the story to a black coworker, and i was kind of puzzled as to why i was in a fancy, upscale bethesda store, and know what that high me, no one greeted me, and my black coworker's response was, well, they do not think you are going to steal. if i walk into the same sort, they will be like hi, how are you doing, let me help you with this. they kind of tail them. it never occurred to me that would happen. i just thought it was bad customer service and not someone profiling shoppers. bruce: a show of hands here, how many people are followed going into a store? ok, let's see. well, whatever, if you are followed, you are followed. ok, show of hands. the white gentleman in the back here has been followed. talk to me. stand up. i need to get a mic over to you. why do you thin

i think whites don't know the terror that's upon us. another white nationalist said to the extent trump success in putting the brakes at immigration, he will also succeed in reducing the speed with which whites are reduced to a minority. he even won praise from former kkk grand wizard david duke. >> he has really said some incredibly great things recently. so whatever his motivations, i don't give a damn. i really like the fact that he's speaking out on this greatest, immediate threat to the american people. i've said from the beginning that i think his campaign is good in the sense that he's bringing these issues to a discussion, which we have to have in america. and he's continuing to move the envelope further, and i think he understands the real sentiment of america. >> when asked about duke and why he's drawing support from such corners, trump effectively pleaded ignorance. >> i don't need his endorsement, i certainly wouldn't want his endorsement. >> would you repudiate david duke? >> sure, i would do that if it made you feel bette

often to the disappointment of white candidates. in certain states with large black populations, sometimes able to prevail at the local and state levels. andrew johnson over the reconstruction process and able to more radical elements in congress to take charge and for a brief time, a few black men made it to the halls of congress. and in the meantime, black men and women over the nation challenged discriminatory legislation and practices that sanctioned disparate treatment on streetcars and polls, imposed anti-immigration laws, banned people from carrying the mail and excluded witnesses for federal court based on race. the premier national vehicle for the promotion of equal rights that attempted to attack these kinds of injustices during the war had been the national convention of color citizens of the united states. one of the conventions were held in syracuse in 1864. at that convention, 144 delegates from 18 states arrived , were actually represented including seven from the south, including virginia, north carolina, south carol

social white house. kathrine sibley: yes. susan swain: and how did they use entertaining to advances its causes? kathrine sibley: oh, many people came at -- there were dinners. there were -- all kinds of groups came, girl scouts and veterans groups and women's groups and all these kinds of -- and lots of lots of social activities going on. and one of the people who was a very a popular visitor that some of our viewers may know about was a evelyn welsh mclean who was a very wealthy heiress had the hope diamond -- i think we'll hear more about that from you. and one of the -- one of the fascinating moments, of course, was that the white house was a social place, but as we've alluded to earlier, she got very ill in september of 1922, so from then until march, the visits really stopped. and it was really tough -- very few people coming, a silent place, a difficult place. but she recovered, and one of the reasons she recovered was in part because she was and they all were so social and open. the whole country

try crest 3d white.ite diamond strong toothpaste and rinse... ...gently whiten... ...and fortify weak spots. use together for 2 times stronger enamel. crest 3d white. >>> some big news today. the struggle of low wage workers to get a decent wage and to bargain collectively got a big boost thanks to a brand new ruling from the national labor relations board. the nlrb said that contract workers can bargain with a parent company. here's why that is so important. big fast food companies like mcdonald's repeatedly claim that fast food workers cannot bargain with them because the individual franchise owners were really those workers' employers. now, if fast food workers are forced to negotiate with every individual franchise, that obviously gives those workers much less leverage. the ruling by the nlrb dealt with the recycling center, not a fast food restaurant, but legal experts are expecting the ruling to be applied to various kinds of fights between fast food workers and their parent companies. appeals to t