tantalum, tungsten, tin, and gold have all been linked to violence in eastern congo by rebel groups and the congolese army. >> millions of people have been killed in the congo over the past decade. i want to see peace in the congo. >> the same minerals are used to make common electronics,that are sold all over the world. but in 2010, after months of lobbying by advocacy groups an obscure resolution called section 1502, was dropped into the dodd-frank wall street reform act. it means publicly traded companies are now required to track whether their products contain conflict minerals from congo. some of the top tech brands are taking credit for reducing violence here -- with the world's largest chip-maker intel even claiming that some of their products are now "100% conflict free". >> "we're proud to say the world's first commercially available conflict free microprocessors do just that". >> but how sure can they be? fault lines travels to eastern congo to investigate. john kanyoni is the owner of a leading trading house in goma. he makes his living selling tin and tantalum to internation

it may not seem obvious, but what you find in eastern congo, and many other parts of the world, is that the country is still stuck in what you would call a colonial economic model. congo gained its political 1960 -- nce in mr. buffett: they are not laughing at you. don't worry. mr. de merode: it gained its political independence in 1960, but never gained its economic dependence2 -- independents. and the reason for that is it only exports raw materials, and that is what keeps people in poverty. and one of the main reasons of that is it has no industry. everye find is that for megawatt of electricity you provide to rural communities, you can create 1000 jobs. that is a lot. the park and the rivers flowing out of it could create 100 megawatts. that is 100,000 jobs. so you are beginning to have an impact at that level. that is how they were doing. the international community has spent $90 billion in eastern congo since 2000. so it is all relative. i think that would be the most cost-effective way of reaching the poorest of the poor. ms. woodruff: if i could add before i turn to howard for t

it may not seem obvious, but what you find in eastern congo and in many other parts of the world is that the country is assigned is still stuck in what you would call a colonial economic model. congo gained its political independence in 1960 -- [laughter] >> i'm good. >> they are laughing at you. >> it gained a split independent in 1960 but it never gained its economic independence. the reason for that is it only exports raw materials, and that's what keeps people in poverty. one of the main reasons for that is a castle industry. it's only through electrification that you can do it. by doing that you can start to reach many, many more people. what we find is that for every megawatt of electricity you provide to rule 30, you create 1000 jobs. that's a lot. virunga national park, the riverside out of it can create 100 megawatts. that's 100,000 jobs. that's 1 million people who would benefit from the. you're beginning to have an impact at that level. that's how we would do it. it's very straightforward, very simple and it does require a lot of investment, $160 million of investment to get 1

tantalum, tungsten, tin, and gold have all been linked to violence in eastern congo by rebel groups and the congolese army. >> millions of people have been killed in the congo over the past decade.

. >>> arrested in eastern congo early this month, a former mayor in southern rwanda, he is accused ofchestrating the massacre of tens of thousands of tutsis. extradited to stand trial. >>> the u.n. security council has condemned the violence in burundi after a closed door meeting. series of coordinated attacks on three army barracks on the exafl capital of bujumbura. >> residents woke up to roadblocks checkpoints and military patrols. violence in the land locked east african country has intensified over the last several days. ambushing the police and the military, sometimes exchanging gun fire for several hours. the attacks have stain plate in areas where there is strong opposition to president pierre nkurunziza's third term in power. witnesses taken to their homes, marched to the street, and executed at point blank range. >> the police entered and took my mobile phone. they broke down the be door and found this man in there. they took him to the street and shot him. >> on thursday they displayed a large cache of weapons they say was seized just this week. unrest began in april when p

. >> we're in the eastern part of the democratic republic of congo. it's one of the least developed countries in the world, but there's an estimated $24 trillion worth of minerals here. tantalum, tungsten, tin, and gold have all been linked to violence in eastern congo by rebel groups and the congolese army. >> millions of people have bee

foreign assistance. 2014, senator graham led a delegation to eastern congo, bringing five senate colleaguesest ever delegation of u.s. senators to visit this war-torn region. thank you, mr. graham for your confidence in the people of congo and learning more. to senator leahy, i would be remiss if i did not acknowledge my costar in batman. i understand you are quite good. good morning, sir. i am here today to offer a case study of the difference our foreign diplomacy is making, where small, targeted investments are transforming -- are transforming communities in need and creating opportunities both in the countries we assist and here at home. you have undoubtedly heard a little bit about the congo, its challenges, and the past two decades of armed conflict. an estimated 5 million deaths due to violence, disease, and starvation. appalling levels of sexual violence. these statistics tell you nothing about congo's future or the extraordinary and resilient people working every day to rebuild their nation. despite the many challenges, the congolese people refuse to be defined by their nation's pa

misplaced in this particular regard, but the chances of a civil war, the chances of spill over to eastern congo and, perhaps, wand are weighing heavily on everyone's mind and i think the intervention is a timely one before this conflict spirals out of control > >>> rwanda is in favor of the president running for a further term. it paves the way for him to seek a third term in 2017. in addition to that 7-year term, he would also be eligible to serve two father five-year terms meaning he could stay stay in power until 2034. a car bomb has gone off in the somali capital killing two people and wounding eight others. the bomber's car was parked outside a store. the armed group alshabab has been behind a series of attacks in the capital. russia's president says his country's armed forces are ready to use more military means in syria if needed. putin says that his armed forces have not yet used all their capabilities in the campaign in syria. moscow first launched air strikes in syria at the end of september taking the four-year conflict into a new phase. the united nations special envoy to syria says

here in eastern congo their forested sanctuary is surrounded by uncertainty. >> even with the fighting when -- >> even if they war come, was just here, just protecting the gorillas. >> his father had the first trip back in 19897. and took him when he was just 11 to see gorillas for the first time. he says he was struck by how human they seemed. now he and his rangers dedicate their lives to protecting this threatened species. and more than once they've proven their resolve. in 2007 there was a horrific massacre that saw seven members of one troop killed. this troop that we're visiting right now only five of them survived and none of them were silverback. so lukema came and adopte the survivors as his own family. the slaughter, a message to the rangers. wide did they kill him? >> they killed the gorilla to discourage the rangers so the rangers can go out of the forest and then people will benefit the rich soil. >> reporter: 4 million people live on the bench in abject poverty. in a region with unrivalled natural resources they continue to suffer through one of the world's longest runnin

but the chances of a civil war, the chances of spill over to eastern congo and perhaps rwanda are certainlyg heavily on everyone's mind. and i think that the intervention is certainly a timely one before this conflict spirals out of control. >> thank you very much for your analysis, kara jones from the mary baldwin college. >>> now, rwanda's electoral commission says based on votes counted soy far, 98% of rwandans who voted in friday's referendum are in favor of their president running for further terms in office. it paves the way for the president to run for a third term in 2017. he would also be eligible to serve two further five-year terms, meaning he could stay in power until 2034. our reporter malcolm webb sent this update from the capital. >> reporter: the electoral commission said 98.3% of voters voted yes to change the constitution, to change its presidential term limits. they also said in what must be an unusual coincidence of polling statistics, that the voter turn out was also 98.3%. critics of which there are few here, there were very few people here in rwandan who criticize off

met and spoke with displaced people in eastern congo and in sudan. i really feel that the best way to learn about what is going on is to go there and see it for yourself. and i said, ille think i'm going to burma to visit the campus. he said, i think it will be very good. he told me that another of an -- a number of ngos working there, like msf, had been chased out of the camps. it is never a good time when msf gets chased away. it,aid, if you can go, do but because i think it will make a difference. so i decided to go under the radar, met up with a few journalist friends. we went together. city.in know, the you might rohingya muslims are an ethnic minority. the vast majority of people living there are buddhist, who are themselves an ethnic minority within the country of myanmar. in the two days that we were there, we visited four displacement camps -- idp camps. i'm not very good with acronyms but once i get what i like to use it. village near the coastline. many of the inhabitants there, theref the people living were forced to live there after thei

in the republic of the eastern congo, you have peacekeepers to factor performing the work of states because the states themselves are so weak. , and for allanacea of the complaints we have about you when peacekeeping, i would challenge all of us to imagine what anyone of those countries somewhat like without stabilizing presence. it will not be a cure-all as long as you state institutions that don't function or leaders that are corrupt. i've seen exactly those challenges from the countries are referenced among others and i continue as an appropriator to advocate for funding for peacekeeping and to deal with these challenges. to seencouraging to me' your engagement on reform. we need to make real progress around the area of accountability. a couple questions and you can take what time you have left to answer. i'm concerned about growing the universe of capable peacekeepers in africa and globally. china made a pledge of a standby force of 8000 and i'm interested to see the future whether they will or will not be deployed and i'm concerned about the african union. i would love to hear how you

so that's really been the story, is working through these, sometimes overwhelming problems in eastern congo. >> look we'll talk about them. i want to hear the beginning though of the howard buffett story from prime minister blair's point of view. you were trying, at least your office was trying to set up an appointment with him. it wasn't working until this wonderful article appeared. >> i shouldn't have told that story, sorry. >> i always thought he was really keen to meet me. [laughter]. now i know. no, it was well, i did, as he said i eventually got to see him. i thought it was first time i ever asked but i did get to see him. once more i got to drive the combine harvester which was an interesting experience. >> scary. >> only time i ever seen howard really nervous actually, kept telling me, cost a lot of money, this piece of machinery. >> but take us back. >> the essence of it is for me issue of governance in africa is absolutely fundamental because when i was prime minister, we did, africa was a big part of the agenda. in 2005 at the g8 summit we put africa on agenda. we got commitment

whether it's the eastern congo or south sudan, u.n. peacekeepers de facto are having to perform the work of states because the states themselves are so weak. and so, again, there's no pannicia and for all complaints we have about u.n. peacekeepingi would challenge all of us to imagine what any one of those countries would be like without this, you know, somewhat stabilizing presence, but it is not going to be a cure-all for as long as you have state institutions that don't function or leaders that are corrupt or militia on the loose who are interested in carrying out horrors against their civilians so -- >> i've seen exactly those challenges in countries i referenced among others, so i continue as an appropriator to advocate for funding peacekeeping and for dealing with some of these challenges so, it's very encouraging to me to see your engagement and hard work on reform because for this to be cost effective and yet reflect our values, we need to make real progress in the areas around accountability and protection of civilians that yo

they are increasingly left out >>> the army of the democratic republic for congo will have this man who was arrested in eastern of the country arrested this month, a former mayor. he is accused of orchestrating the massacre of tens of thousands of people. he is to be extradited to stand trial. the u.n. security council has condemned recent violence in burundi following a closed door meeting, it is considering additional measures against those who are not four political solution to the crisis. the talks have begun following a series of coordinated attacks on three army barracks in the capital bujumbura. at least 15 people were killed. >> reporter: gun fire and explosions closed down the capital on friday morning. violence in the land locked eastern african country has intensified over the last few days. sometimes at least 100 men have ambushed the military. the attacks have mostly taken place in areas where there is strong p opposition to the president's third term in power. in bujumbura's other suburb men this police uniforms shot and killed neighbours. they say victims were taken to their homes, marched to th