that was winston churchill. but once the united states entered the war after pearl harbor and after the german declaration of war on the united states four days after pearl harbor, the united states took over the direction of world war ii. and reading winston churchill's memoirs, you would never believe it. i think in terms of history and histy yokingty -- his tier yoking my, the fact that winston churchill won the nobel prize was a great thing for literature but, as i say, not for history. and in this fdr trilogy, i am doing my best to change history, if by history we understand the way we look at the past and the way we interpret the past. the first volume, "the mantle of command," covered fdr in the first year of the war after pearl harbor, up to the moment when american troops finally went into, on to the offensive and landed in north africa in operation torch. and this second volume takes the story up several months later when the president of the united states becomes the first president in american histor

you know, this was fantasy on churchill's side, but churchill was a romantic, and that's why i say the saga is actually a very touchingly because he is a president who can't simply bang the table because he still does need the british. when my father landed on d-day the with an equal number of bridge to landed and died -- trend for the landed and died. he needs to bring this obstinance fellow to agree to work with him. and it's an extraordinary story of how he actually achieved it. i'm not going to give, to try to make you read the book. i am, but i do explain the president, i won't call it a trick but a maneuver of how he gets churchill, not only to agree to d-day in 1944 but gets churchill to surrender the agreement that they had had up until then, that he would be a britain who would command the d-day armories. from that day in the summer of 1943, fdr said an american will command the d-day invasion. i'm sorry, that's a long winded answer to your question but it was an interesting one. >> the trip to casablanca, it seems were no whiskey. was that controversial at the time? >> yes. s

and why not with churchill? the fine is disconcerting that we could have lost the war because of his carelessness. but according to the biographer's and to point this out. >> why has it taken 70 years for the expatriate brit, pour immigrant from massachusetts and louisiana i'm happy to say documented why has it taken seven decades for someone to tackle a biography of fdr as commander-in-chief? as the armed forces in in in human history and i'm not sure i know why i suspect it is because military historians in those efforts to describe all full picture on those operations of four. with the commander-in-chief is tender 15 pages and even to attract those by graphically tended to go to the field commanders were even marshall or general arnold. the you realize i and in the presence of my agents to a half to be careful but the number of people reading actual books when i told my publisher i don't think i was dishonest when i said it would be one volume. [laughter] because quite honestly i didn't know the whole story i

speaking to the house of commons the recently elevated prime minister winston churchill warned the hiller would turn his ship on the british isles by wife made the promise that i would not do a winston churchill imitation of life lab last and he graveled the battle of britain is about to begin but upon this battle depends upon the christian civilization he called for resistance, for if we fail then bill whole world, including the united states, making sure americans heard him, including all we have known and care for will sink into the abyss of a new dark age. he roused the people for war in despite is desperate plea he would freeze them for that battle that would forever be known as they're finest hour. will no and is then his conclusion of that speech he warned invoked the the notion that should britain fall, because there was no guarantee that it would not fall with the impending onslaught better america and one day come to liberate the old world. broadcasting that save evening from london to the french general also emphasize the global character of the war. he said i can talk enough f

although it was developed as aly with churchill grand strategy at a human rights instrument. think, very briefly i the link between that document, the atlantic charger which was inspirational, to a specific policy debate in our particular context, namely the demise of formorgenthaler plan defeated germany that was being in the early fall of 1944. paper, i discuss atlantic charter -- charter as a benchmark. and 45ond one is late after roosevelt's death a context through the atlantic charter was ignored or denigrated. pacific islands that have been captured by japan strategic territories. the territories of the specific islands. strategic trust territory was a concept, a label that the u.s. navy just pulled out of its in your collectively at the last minute foreign area that may not be visited, that may not be held to various kinds of standards and where the benchmark on the atlantic charter went by the and the hidden costs of that kind of strategic choice. back to the origin story. to grand strategy program a few years ago was a little bit troubling for me. i have been invited

. >> churchill. >> winston churchill. prime minister of great britain. interesting quote. we're going to have strange bedfellows here in world war ii. winston churchill, prime minister of great britain, franklin roosevelt, president of the united states and our ally in our war against hitler is going to be joseph stalin. interesting quote. if hitler invaded hell, i'd at least make a favorable reference to the devil in the house of commons. war makes strange bedfellows. and in this case, we have the united states, great britain, long ties, long sympathies, long-time connection history and culture, and yet we also now have the soviet union as our ally to defeat the common foe of adolph hitler. so the leader of the soviet union, joseph stalin. what do we know about stalin early in the war? not much. what we know now is an awful lot. the greatest murderer of the 20th century. imprisoned more of his people into camps, murdered more of his own people than hitler killed jews. he is a ruthless brutal, paranoid dictator for the soviet union. now, when i say paranoid, i mean sort of

churchill completely dismissed. he didn't accept the idea tha ie submarine would ever be used against civilian shipping. it was too outrageous to contemplates. >> one of the things you notice what the submarines had when they were at sea. you say that once they captain was free to conduct his control in whatever manner suited him without supervision from above. what did that really translate to, what does that mean? >> with the translated to frankly was extremely high risk for germany the mistakes would be made. the elephant in the room, america, would climb into the war with guns blazing. what it meant is when you're the captain of the submarine, typically they were young men, late 20s, early 30s. a crew of about 36. once you've got out of range of german transmitters, you were literally on your own. you could thin could make any du wanted. if you saw a target, you didn't have to call back to headquarters. you just went for it. so the autonomy was both thrilling from these guys but also a huge, huge responsibility.

written by the former mayor of london landed there churchill fame and i have read every book backing a crescendo that this is say different perspective i really recommend it is a totally different look so i am enjoying that i am in the middle of that now then i always have to be reading best buy book is i of the intelligence committee so a book about world war to spy that was airdropped into france to report on the germans so those four recently in now i am stacking up ideas for august to have a little more time for reading. >> a diplomat who joined the state department shortly after the september 11 attacks. . .

. >> so churchill and a handful of others got together and formed room 40 which was to take advantage of these captured codebooks. they would use them to read wireless messages interception from the german navy. they became very adept at this. one of the most interesting things about the saga is that the submarine sent and received wireless messages. from the very beginning this room 40 new exactly what the submarine's orders were. they knew exactly where it was supposed to end up on patrol, and what you're looking at during the first 24 hours that sees the wireless operator sent 14 position reports which the british in room 40 duly intercepted and decoded. they knew exactly where the submarine was for the first 24 hours. that's the chapter you're looking at. >> in the book it is two a.m., the exact lake casing, four a.m., six a.m., and then you say the report sees. where was sees. where was this information for you to find it? >> it is in the intercept, in the national archives of the united kingdom they have information and they have all the decoded intercepts, they're all there in

not far from where i'm standing sits the churchill manor bed and breakfast. built in 1889, it's one the oldest buildings in the county. joanna guidotti and her husband have owned it since 1987, meaning that they and the manor have now survived two major earthquakes. joanna says the south napa quake was by far the scarier of the two >> reporter:after the south napa quake, churchill manor suffered extensive damage. >> this was a very violent shake. >> reporter:joanna say that they had to close the down the b and b for months in order to rebuild walls, fix fire places, doors and replace plaster. she says that two year later churchill hill manor is better than ever and she say the city of napa is as well. >> we were ignoring it began that it would never happen. so we had to face reality. >> i think we are much better position than we were two years ago. >> reporter:in napa county, charles clifford kron 4 news. >> pam:today, in direct response to the napa earthquake. the state legislature passed a measure. requiring school districts in earthquake- prone areas of c

written by the former mayor of london and a big churchill fear and every book i can get my hand , but it is from a different perspective a totally different look at churchill with a different perspective i am enjoying that now and with the intelligence committee there is a book called tight rope about world war ii spies here dropped into france to report on the germans so recently and those in dash stacking ideas for the break-in august when i have a little more time to read. >> i hope to finish a couple of books first of all which was given to me by senator blunt this is a book that is about the dome put on the capitol building pries civil war but what i found especially interesting is the focus on the house chamber and how those were added to the original capital building and one of the main proponents is jefferson davis so while we are approaching the civil war we have jefferson davis helping our country helping to build the capital building to serve and then later we know he became the president of the confederacy's a that is a book i'm hoping to get through i have started in need

with the churchill is a man we all admire it is an extraordinary statesman.was defending the british empire. where's roosevelt was saying, no, we have to let these countries be self-determined. india should be independent. churchill, for all the strengths and virtues in intelligence could not get the concept that people should be allowed to determine their future. i think in the end, self determination has one out and capitalism has won out. -- you have the communism and capitalism and it was not clear to everybody that capitalism would prevail. it more or less has come and even countries that were communist as some form of capitalism. it probably was not evident to adam smith that this would be the case. central to the exhibit is the actual artifact, the newspaper. you have generously donated other artifacts to other cultural museums. what is the value to you of these artifacts in the digital age? mr. rubenstein: that may be the most important question. why should anybody care when you can see itwhat is the value to f these online anywhere? in fact, why we n

. >> churchill. >> winston churchill. prime minister of great britain. interesting quote. we're going to have strange bedfellows here in world war ii. winston churchill, prime minister of great britain, franklin roosevelt, president of the united states and our ally in our war against hitler is going to be joseph stalin. interesting quote. if hitler invaded hell, i'd at least make a favorable reference to the devil in the house of commons. war makes strange bedfellows. and in this case, we have the united states, great britain, long ties, long sympathies, long-time connection history and culture, and yet we also now have the soviet union as our ally to defeat the common foe of adolph hitler. so the leader of the soviet union, joseph stalin. what do we know about stalin early in the war? not much. what we know now is an awful lot. the greatest murderer of the 20th century. imprisoned more of his people into camps, murdered more of his own people than hitler killed jews. he is a ruthless brutal, paranoid dictator for the soviet union. now, when i say paranoid, i mean sort of

but roosevelt was up to the challenge and he outmaneuvered him and he was able to get aid to churchill before the u.s. entered world war ii. and i think it was terribly important. so hughes then retires from the court in 1941. and, of course, we know that roosevelt continued and was elected to a fourth term in 1940 and really, with churchill, was instrumental, i think, in seeing us toward an allied victory. towards the end of his life, he was really very, very sick, but nonetheless, he refused to give in. he never let anybody know he was as sick as he was. and then he died in 1945. there's a photograph in my book, on fdr and chief justice hughes is of hughes and his wife antoinette after the funeral service at the white house and hughes looks absolutely distraught, which suggests to me that he really, despite their clashes, their friction, he had great respect and affection for franklin roosevelt. and i know it's very clear from the documentation that roosevelt did for hughes. so it seems to me that now we move forward just slightly to 2012. and i'll suggest certain parallels between t

candace minard looks at the exploits of a young winston churchill during the second war.times columnist maureen dowd shares her thoughts on the 2015 election. eagle form founder phyllis phyllis shapley along with ed martin and brett decker take a conservative argument for supporting donald trump. two-time pulitzer prize winner historian alan taylor examines the revolutionary war and aftermath in american revolution. expand published in october, supreme court justice ruth bader ginsburg releases her memoir, my own words. washington post columnist sebastian mala b profiles former federal reserve chairman alan greenspan. coming up in october, let me tell you about jasper, the latest from karina, cohost of fox news, the five. guardian editor at large, gary young reports in gun violence in another day in the death of america. historian hw brands gives an account of the rivalry of the account of president truman and douglas macarthur. been released in november, senator bernie sanders read calls his campaign for the democratic nomination in our revolution. fox news host megyn ke

churchill has some remarkably anti-semitic statements, and franklin d. roosevelt, who of course very friendly to the jewish people. not as -- it's very interesting to see what he would have done with the state of israel, because he was talk in with the arabs just before he dies, with the saudis i have read that he is, sayinge sauds he will consult you on everything. i have read that he was part of the board of directors which instituted the numerous classes at harvard which put in a quota system against the jewish, and who is really his best friend among cabinet members? it is morgenthau, so people are contradictory. there is contradictions among every person in this room, and harry truman is just this amazing example of it. anyone else? >> is it true that when truman, truman did not run in 1952. stephenson ran against ike. he simply he and bess simply , jumped in their car without the benefit of any secret secret service protection or anything and drove back to independence, missouri? david: there is a new book on that, well not as new as my book out ma

he wants to sail them to meet with eisenhower, montgomery, truman or churchill and exchange them for his own life. tens of thousands of holocaust prisoners are sent by train, by barge and by foot. they put everybody on, what shifted a particular nazi titanic of course. a couple things happen. while they are marching folks there hitler learns of heinrich himmler's plan and sends two assassins to kill him. himmler changes his identity and goes on the one. it within killed himself in the bunker, eva braun, his new wife, kills herself and he even told his favorite dog, so tilted 6 kids, not the commander's wife, tens of thousands of concentration camp prisoners at the baltic and on board the ship, out of food, out of water, the war is ending, we are in a race for time. what happens in the final chapter is absent any nazi commander or two not the officials at the coast, the head gestapo official and carol coffman, the mayor, governor of hamburg. they come up with a plan, put everyone on that ship and we are going to think the ship, liquidate all evidence of the holocaust, take all the pri

so, again, people have different parts -- churchill, for example, churchill has some remarkably anti-semitic statements and franklin d. roosevelt who, of course, very friendly to jewish people not as -- it's very interesting to see what he would have done with the state of israel because he was talking with the arabs just before he dies, with the saudis about well, we'll consult you on everything. i've read that he was part of the board of directors which instituted the numerous classes at harvard which put in a quota system against jews. and who's really his best friend among cabinet members is morgan morgenthau. people are contradictory and harry truman is just an amazing example of it. anyone else? >> is it true that truman -- well, truman didn't run in '52, stevenson ran against ike -- that he simply -- he and bess simply jumped in their car without benefit of any secret service protection or anything and drove back to independence, missouri? >> well, there's a new book on that -- not as new as my book but it came out about a year ago which, yes, indicates that years before i was going t

[applause] i and a tremendous admirer of winston churchill. he was the right man in the right place at the right time. quite frankly, he saved the world. if it hadn't been for his determination and indomitable spirit, we can't know how much of the world adolf hitler would have been able to conquer. to express this country's appreciation in 1963 president john f. kennedy made churchill an honorary american citizen, i think well-deserved. but in the book the last lion, defender of the realm, churchill says that hitler was out killing even his teutonic ancestors and not since the mongols came in the 13th century had europe seen such methodical, merciless butchery on such a monstrous scale. we are in the presence concluded of a crime without a name. i read that and i thought, wow. methodical, merciless butchery on such a monstrous scale. we are in the presence of a crime without a name. now, i know you are all thinking the same thing i was thinking. that is what we are in right now. methodical, merciless butchery. 1 million unborn children every y

or winston churchill or anybody. it's just -- those are the people he admires and collects books on and likes to read about and have inspired him in the same way henry ford and thomas edison were people that inspired him in business. >> taylorsville, illinois. this is ed. hello. ed, are you there? >> yes. from taylorville, illinois. >> yes, sir. >> i voted for perot in 1992. and i believe that's how clinton got elected and bush didn't seem like he cared whether he got elected or not. >> thanks very much. do you think that ross perot was responsible for the election of bill clinton, carolyn? >> i do. and i think there were two impacts. one is he -- similar to teddy roosevelt, he split the republican vote. and in that way, roosevelt denied taft a second term. perot split the conservative vote. and denied bush a second term. but he did another thing, i think, by getting in the race, and beating up on bush all along the way, kind of softened him up for clinton to come in and make the kill. so i think it was sort of a two

focused on british history and, you know, these were not all -- all, you know, histories but, boy, churchill was always worth reading whether it's memoirs, whether -- he had a wonderful little book called great contemporaries written in the 20's which nexton did a follow on kind of book himself. i like to read richard nixon stuff. i like to read about richard nixon. fascinating politician of my life and i thought the things that he wrote were really quite good. >> did your reading help you in your work as a congressman? >> it does. history in particular provides a lot of context, a lot of analogies, frankly a lot of understanding because most people when they get to congress they sort of think history begins with them, but you're really stepping into the flow and if you read particularly contemporary history, a lot of interesting not only parallels but background quite frankly to what's going on. you want to understand congress. john berry wrote a book called the ambition and the power. berry is a substantive writer that -- what was it? gosh, 1927 flood mississippi, i think rising tide or so

this week, they will be doing george jenkins boulevard or u.s. 92 between churchill and sloan avenue want two lanes taken away in each direction. >> make sure you are following me on twitter. >> she stated very matter of factually she would kill them. the individual thought she was joking, they didn't believe her. >> still ahead, a texas mother reason their father has no idea his kids are dead. >> >> banking on solar energy. this growing industry is also creating new jobs, ahead at 6:00, the steps you can take to >>> for students heading to college this fall, laptops are a must. but, how do you know which is the best. >> tips on how to pick the right laptop. >> whether it is writing papers, taking notes or playing streaming video games, it's important for college students to choose a laptop handle what they need it to do. "consumer reports" said the first thing to do when shopping is check with your school. often, they have specific requirements. most colleges say you can buy windows or apple, but some specific schools may use applications that only run on one or the other. >> colleg

i'm a big churchill fan. every book i can get on churchill, but this is a different perspective and i-- perspective and i recommend it to people because it's a different look at churchill, so i'm enjoying the. then, my book at home, i always have to read a spy book. i'm on that intelligence committee and i love spy books, so "tightrope", a world war ii spy that was airdropped into france to report on the germans and so forth. absorbing novel, so those for recently have been my books and event i am stacking up ideas for the break here in august to hopefully have more time to read >> i hope to finish a couple of books. first of all, i'm reading freedoms, which was given to be -- me by senator roy flynt. this is a book that is about the dome being put on the capital building pre-civil war, but what is i found especially interesting it as i get into the book is a focus on the house chamber in the senate chamber and how those were added to the original capital building and one of the main proponents of that is jef

between roosevelt and churchill and stalin during the previous two weeks, trying to figure out what was on roosevelt's mind. because roosevelt had not told him. this,st famous part of the fact that roosevelt had not told him about the presence of the atomic bomb and what a difference that would make him a not only in the course of winding down world war ii and winning, but also the postwar world. secretary albright: people have been talking about how people view the vice presidency. clearly, i think what happened in the roosevelt truman transition is something that taught other presidents later how not to do it. and i can tell you from my own experience in the carter administration, vice president mondale became a complete harner . it was true of clinton-gore. and now we talk about joe biden. was a recognition that you could not leave the vice president in the dark here in and we are lucky that truman had the streetsmarts of people worth talking about, an understanding of the american system in terms --knowing how to work with you can't say that he had a great congress to work with.

events, including the funerals of the great naval hero admiral nelson and prime minister winston churchill. ? but not all occasions were so solemn. this is where lady diana spencer got married and became princess diana. queen ? >> i, charles philip arthur george... >> "take thee, diana frances..." >> ...take thee, diana frances... >> "...to my wedded wife." >> ...to my wedded wife. [ "god save the queen" playing ] >> this impressive building still echoes with the pomp and glory that were once the british empire. you can climb to the top of the dome and gaze out on modern london. the view is spectacular. reporting for "teen kids news," i'm nicole. >> ? god save the queen ? [ bat cracks ] [ cheers and applause ] >> one of the best parts of the major league baseball regular season is the all-star game. since 1933, the midsummer classic, as it has been nicknamed, has featured the best players from the american league play the best players from the now, the reason that this all-star game is so important is because the winning league gets home-field advantage in the world series. i'm matt with "

i'm a big churchill than the i've read every book i can get on churchill but this one is a differentspective and a really recommend it to people because it's a totally different look at churchill, different perspective but i'm enjoying that. i'm right in the middle of that now. in my book at home, i always had to be reading a spy book. i'm on the intelligence committee. loves by books, tight rope, about a world war ii spy that was ever dropped into france to report on the germans and so forth your those for reasonably have been my books and then i am stocking up ideas for the break in august 2 hopefully a little more time reading. >> i hope to finish a couple books. first of all i reading the freedoms cap which is given to me by senator roy blunt, and this is a book that is about the dome being put on the capitol building pre-civil war, but what is i found especially interesting as i get into the book is to focus on the house chamber in the senate chamber, and how those were added to the original capitol building. one of the main proponents of that is jefferson davis. so while we are

events, including the funerals of the great naval hero admiral nelson and prime minister winston churchill. ?? but not all occasions were so solemn. got married and became princess diana. >> ? god save our gracious queen ? >> i, charles philip arthur george... >> "take thee, diana frances..." >> ...take thee, diana frances... >> "...to my wedded wife." >> ...to my wedded wife. [ "god save the queen" playing ] >> this impressive building still echoes with the pomp and glory that were once the you can climb to the top of the dome and gaze out on modern london. the view is spectacular. reporting for "teen kids news," i'm nicole. >> ? god save the queen ? [ bat cracks ] [ cheers and applause ] >> one of the best parts of the major league baseball regular season is the all-star game. since 1933, the best players from the american league play the best players from the national league. now, the reason that this all-star game is so important is because the winning league gets home-field advantage in the world series. i'm matt with "teen kids news." >> here's a poem on a fact that's little-known. t

as churchill once said, "take this pudding away, it has no theme." we have to have a theme otherwise the refugees are going to continue to flow into europe. >> thanks so much for coming in. you are watching "bbc world news america." sturges on tonight's program, just this week more than 12,000 migrants have been rescued in the waters of the mediterranean. we hear from some of them arriving on the shores of skill -- sis i willy. for the first and i'm more than five decades a scheduled commercial night has flown between the united states and cuba. it took off from fort lauderdale and landed in santa clara in cuba. bbc's will grant watched it touch down. >> flying from fort lauderdale into history. planes full of -- of tourists touch down in cuba every day but not like this one -- the first commercial flight between the old enemies since 1961. there have been many different signs of the new relationship overt past two years. the reinstatement of cruise ship vrvingss the visit by president obama. but this, the first direct commercial flight since the hei

history and that chapter defines that with the famous quotation that he says when he quotes winston churchill that, i don't remember americans. [laughter] i don't remember something like they will eventually do the right thing after tried every other option. [laughter] but that was iraq. >> i am a college student here in the d.c. area. one of the most meaningful books that i have read it i mean that with sincerity. my question is, what do you think it is important for future generations to believe in with the main messages of the book and why? >> the what you want to be secure course stick with that do not be scrapped distracted by what every face stay on course but if you stay on course you will get we ought to me. [applause] one of madame president's most quotable quotations is that if your dreams don't scare you they are not big enough and. that is one of the quotations and i would second that just to persevere when you think everything is as bad as it can get to reach out. >> my name is rachel i have spent the last nine years living in uganda and kenya with the journalist to tell stories

we give you a looksy here from the weather bug camera at churchill high school in potomac. beautiful sunrise. gorgeous day. temperatures reached the upper 80's in potomac. just fair weather clouds that developed. that's what it's like in the area. beautiful afternoon and evening. 91 degrees at reagan national. 75 was the low. tomorrow around 90 or so. one more time. it will be a while before the 90's come back in the forecast. wouldn't it be nice if they didn't come back in the forecast for this season? we'll see what happens. pick up 68 at re ses. there is a chance of rain showers late in the day. west of the metro. the better chances are on thursday. look at the tropics. we have this blob that is not doing much for us in the appearance. the hurricane center still thinks there is a good chance it will develop into a tropical storm to this location and head to sea tomorrow. this has enormous circulation power developing and it's over extremely warm water. earmarks of the tropical storm but it's not there yet. guidance shows it will be tropical storm hermine tomorrow morning

it's a quote from churchill who we all know kind of moved into the white house for a while to convince the united states to come into the war. and he said -- winston churchill says, "franklin roosevelt with his iridescent personality meeting him was like opening your first bottle of champagne, knowing him was like drinking it." so he even strove to get other people to see him as the sun and come around and worship. i forget what side i'm on. go ahead. >> i'm one of those silent grandchildren that you were kind of looking at over here. my name originally was sara delano roosevelt so i carried that name for quite a while. i want to say it was moving to hear about our father that you had spoken with him. we didn't see a whole lot of him when we were children because he did go on and marry other people. i was thinking from the perspective of a grandchild, which you've described fully and well, that one incidence sticks out in my mind. i was a student at boarding school and mrs. roosevelt was coming to give the graduation address to the then graduating seniors and i was a sophomore. she cam

it's a quote from churchill who we all know kind of moved into the white house for a while to convincehe united states to come into the war. and he said -- winston churchill says, "franklin roosevelt with his iridescent personality meeting him was like opening your first bottle of champagne, knowing him was like drinking it." so, i mean, he even strove to get other people to consider him the sun, meaning the sun in the sky, to come around and worship. >> he did. >> i forget what side i'm on. two ahead. >> i'm one of those silent grandchildren that you were kind of looking at over here. my name originally was sara delano roosevelt so i carried that name for quite a while. and i wanted just to say it was moving to hear about our father that you had spoken with him. we didn't see a whole lot of him when we were children because he did go on and marry other people. >> right. >> but i was thinking from the perspective of a grandchild, which you've described, you know, fully and well, that one incident sticks out in my mind very clearly. i was a student at milton academy in the girl's boardi

to be heavily focused on british history but churchill was always worth reading and we had a wonderful little book called great contemporaries written back in the '20s that there was a follow-on. i like to read about richard nixon as a fascinating politician and i thought what he wrote was quite good. >> does your reading help you as your work as a congressman? >> it does. history provides a lot the phonologies. when those people get to congress believe that history bijou -- begins with them they were really stepping into the flow of the institution. and with that contemporary history that not only parallels but the background to what is going on there was a wonderful book that it is a substantive writer there is the great book got 1927 about a rising tide or something. but he was hooked up with speaker wright when he was in his last year basically. and entered into the rise and fall in there is a lot of characters newt gingrich gingrich, and with that sense that they were close that you read about. so those kinds of things are extraordinarily helpful especially with the more senior me

history and that chapter defines that with the famous quotation that he says when he quotes winston churchill that, i don't remember americans. [laughter] i don't remember something like they will eventually do the right thing after tried every other option. [laughter] but that was iraq. >> i am a college student here in the d.c. area. one of the most meaningful books that i have read it i mean that with sincerity. my question is, what do you think it is important for future generations to believe in with the main messages of the book and why? >> the what you want to be secure course stick with that do not be scrapped distracted by what every face stay on course but if you stay on course you will get we ought to me. [applause] one of madame president's most quotable quotations is that if your dreams don't scare you they are not big enough and. that is one of the quotations and i would second that just to persevere when you think everything is as bad as it can get to reach out. >> my name is rachel i have spent the last nine years living in uganda and kenya with the journalist to tell stories

eisenhower and churchill both made a similar remark that it's the ship that won the war. >> reporter: won the war? >> yeah. without them, how could you have taken all those islands? how could they have even taken normandy? >> reporter: which is why, 70 years later, ernie was out here returning the favor, all by himself. >> and i just thought how sad if he had to be doing this journey by himself. >> reporter: but that was about to change. >> i joined him in mississippi, >> yeah, i've run 44 legs. >> reporter: he had quite a following the second time we saw him in waco, texas. but that was nothing compared to what we found last weekend in saint simons, where hundreds of people from across the country joined ernie's army. >> god bless you, sir. thank you so much! >> the american people are the most loving and generous people in the world. >> there he is! whoo! >> reporter: throw years ago, most people thought there was no way a man in his 90s could make it across the country. >> you got this! the soft sand of the atlantic. and as this old sailor stormed the beach one last time to fervent