the landslide election of franklin pierce in 1852 appeared to settle the political question far to the horizon, but this was an illusion. beneath the serene surface on which pierce skated to the presidency was a roiling sea. a well mannered northern man of southern sympathy, he was pious under pressure. the grandiose hatred of others easily overwhelmed him as he turned to brandy for solace, and an old friend, a mexican war comrade, for guidance, jefferson davis. the ones and future rivals of lincoln combined to blow to smithereens the cornerstone of civil and political peace. senator stephen a douglas of illinois, seeking a transforming gesture that would bring him the presidency and secretary of war jefferson davis of mississippi, the high-handed heir to slaveholding wealth and the de facto president of the united states. each had visions of an american imperial, prophecies that converged in their collaboration on the kansas-nebraska act, and act which revealed the missouri compromise that a forbidden slavery north of a faithful line of latitude. the parallel lives of these two men wo