no, he is a leader of the african national congress, where i'm correcting you is that views expresseds who are members of the anc don't necessarily represent what the anc, represent the position of the african national congress. if matthews phosa has got a view about zuma to go, he knows that that view is not shared commonly, it is not the view that the majority of members of the anc agree with. one specific point, minister. there is still debate, and it is not yet settled, as to whether the next vote of confidence or no—confidence injacob zuma in the south african parliament should be by secret ballot. those who want him to go believe that a secret ballot would give politicians much more freedom to express their real feelings about zuma. let me put you on the spot, do you support the idea, the democratic idea of a secret ballot? our constitution does not allow that in terms of the voting processes in parliament but equally, we have been tested to the limit. to think that the african national congress can actually take a position to take itself out of power, simply because the opposit

to think that the african national congress can actually take a position to take itself out of power, that, we are here in parliament as an date of all voters and we will never take ourselves out of power because the opposition would also never do that. if are opposition would also never do that. ifarea opposition would also never do that. if are a may say so, you strike the isa if are a may say so, you strike the is a senior member of cabin crew on the titanic refusing to accept the ship is going down. it is notjust the opposition out to get mr zuma, the opposition out to get mr zuma, the south african federation of trade union, the south african communist party, which is clearly lined up alongside the anc, both those institutions also said jacob zuma is to go. baby gone to the street to listen to people who say that president must not go. —— have you gone. the view you are expressing is one—sided stop it is a coalition of forces. it is not the view of the majority. i have seen opinion polls,... view of the majority. i have seen opinion polls, . .. hang view of the majority. i have s

evita is now a member of the african national congress. i have to put her into the armpit of power.black man because, i mean... do white south africans like this rubbish that you are creating? they do, and now this is the important thing — rubbish is a very important word here, because evita represents so much of the white south african prejudice and fear. she is — evita — she is the queen mother, who is suddenly now speaking xhosa with her grandchildren. and she says, "they're not black, they're not white — they're a barack obama beige." laughter and she says they've challenged her. what is she going to do protect democracy? well, let's look at modern—day evita then. oh, yes. we've got a rather wonderful clip here of evita's free speech. she does a thing every sunday — she addresses the nation having read the sunday papers. this one, she is actually considering the mindset of afrikaner whites in south africa today, so let's have a listen... are we whites never going to realise that we actually got away with apartheid? nothing happened to us! there was no nuremberg trial, none of us

when african national congress swept the power out of mandela in the first multiracial elections of 1994aign slogan was a better life for all. segregation has ended but more than a quarter of the workforce remains unemployed and 20% still does not get enough to eat. six times as households that are discontent ing union strikes. meanwhile, holding onto power internationally. charges of corruption and it competence. he from crisis to crisis in march. pressure to appoint him to the polls. the only cabinet member -- it followed a november attempt by some to convince the national executive committee to oust over corruption. by topek, another bid leaders to force him from office. here is the background. the constitution can -- disenfranchised blacks to the national party took power in .948 denied them decent education and health care under policy known as apartheid. south africa endured decades of sanctions and they struggle before the government agreed to hold multiracial elections. a majority has been one in every election since. here is the argument. the can -- there government can point to

we know the ruling african national congress had a meeting within its highest decision-making body overkend and like you said, the second bid to oust zuma as the head of the party was put forward. the main question is how long can he survive before the party has to elect a new leader in december this year? manus: what can we look forward to over the next couple of weeks? more moments of crisis? >> what we do know is that there is currently a motion of no-confidence before parliament that may be debated against president zuma. approachn parties at the highest court in the land to allow for secret talent during that motion of no-confidence. we did hear the evergreen national congress say it has asked us lawmakers, which make up a majority of the national assembly come to vote against .he motion of no-confidence we will have to see whether not he will survive other tends to have him at ousted as president of the party and possibly the leader of the country as well. going forward ahead of the election of the new president in december. manus: thank you so much, joining us there from johannes

nation's debt to junk status. yesterday we spoke to the new finest minister marine le pen -- finance minister lesetja kganyago. south africa, our policy is the south african government are fit by the african national congresse will be various voices outside that framework that will speak. and those voices don't reflects the opinions of government. francine: on the central bank, and our report, south africa central bank says the nation posted a high risk of further downgrades to its credit rating which made lead to higher borrowing costs. i'm please dispute to the governor of the south african central bank. governor, great to speak with you. thank you for joining us. are you worried and do you believe that moody's will downgrade your country to junk like other ratings agencies have done in the last couple weeks? can'tanyago: well, you speculate on what rating agencies are going to be doing. i think what is important is that moody's -- what are the effects of, that could lead to them cutting south africa's rating? we are engaging with them. we don't believe that the issues they have raised are insurmountable. we believe that the things they have raised are within the control of south africans. they have give

congress' debate on slavery. antislavery activists and the pennsylvania abolitionists society put forth a vision of a new nation that imagined a racially inclusive republic rights ofbasic enslaved africans were respected. exchanged between abraham lincoln and his friend. talk about theto everlasting love for each other was normal and encouraged, to be ,xpressive about intimacy expression, and love. as long as the boundary was maintained. .> for more go to c-span.org >> another commencement address from republican senator rob portman. he spoke at ashland university in ohio. this is 15 minutes. [applause] thank you very much. thank you for your friendship and inviting me to be here at

congress debate about slavery and the race. decisions withof his heated debate, at the slavery advocates and that pennsylvania abolitionists society put forth a new nation that reimagined the basic rights of enslaved africans were respected. a history p.m. professor talks about letters exchanged between president lincoln and a friend. >> they talked about the everlasting love for each other. towas normal and encouraged be expressive about intimacy and connection and love. i did that is the wages of his relationship. as long as the boundary was strictly maintained. >> breakaway schedule go to c-span.org. ♪ >> c-span where history unfolds daily. in 1979 c-span was created as a cable service by america companies. it is brought to you today by your cable or satellite provider. american history tv visited the old barracks museum in new jersey, coming we will take you

african country. it's a fascinating nation that rebuilt after a difficult civil war. he was kind enough to have me over for dinner recently, with one of my colleagues. my colleague is a brand new member of congress. and he happens to be in the other political party. on the ride over we talked about the very real prospect, if we could just have a conversation. if we just had the time or disposition to have a conversation. a genuine dialogue. perhaps things would get a bit better in washington. mr. speaker, most of us crave dialogue. our country needs dialogue more than ever. we have multiple new technological ways to conduct dialogue. however, we have lost touch with what genuine dialogue is. if we are raising -- racing to score points or impatiently, loudly, plungening each other -- blumening each other, we're not en-- bludgeoning each other, we're not engaging in dialogue, we're engaging in monologue. clearly there are many differences that cannot easily be solved here throughout america. we need to be sober about that. but the tough arena of politics occupies a unique space in our country, for the quest for answers. but holding it together depends upon a commitment to this ideal of the civic s