fdr did not do anything at that precise moment.e would not act on what he said, and he finally, fdr was elected in november in 1940, third term, and right after the election he fires him. i don't know a movie has gone into the life of admiral richardson or not, but he is back in the united states on the day pearl harbor is attacked, and he is sitting there getting all that news and he knows, i warned them over a year ago, and it still happened. >> thanks. did fdr acknowledge any limits , constitutional limits on the commander in chief in world war ii? you mention the and term and i have also read historical accounts about the military tribunals. some of the historical accounts i have read said he let it be known through back channels of that if the supreme court tries to challenge my authority to execute these people, i was executed them anyway. i just wonder if he acknowledged a limits on the power of commander in chief during wartime, whether the bill of rights had any application. >> i have not seen any. if he did, i have not ru

we have information in "fdr goes to war." fdr cut military spending during the 1930's in terms of the percentage of military spending in the federal budget. this was on top of the fact that during herbert hoover's presidency, the preceding president military budgets were , very low. the american military was incredibly weak and incredibly behind the rest of the world. we were something like 17th in terms of military strength and innovation. fdr, as we show all during 1940 and 1941 before pearl harbor, he has already declared emergency -- military emergencies. he has taken over power in -- with lots of executive orders and he is not putting these agencies under the control of congress or other individuals. he has 15 defense agencies under the president's office. it is called the office of emergency management and it is directly supervised by franklin roosevelt. we list some of his grabs for power. i agree, any president faced with a war emergency has to do certain things, but the extent to which roosevelt looked at this as an

fdr emerged on the national scene as president during a very difficult national crisis. the great depression created enormous fear and a loss of optimism and democracy itself. fdr responded to the crisis in a series of actions, and in doing so, he inspired hope, a new kind of hope in bodied in the president of the united states. from his compelling and stabilizing inaugural address, summoning congress into an emergency session, resolving the financial crisis, but most of all by his manner. he promised relief, and through his confidence, his resilience, his communication, and his action, people were moved. in one of his fireside chats, one of my favorite, we get a lens into his views when he said "when andrew jackson, old hickory dark, someone ask him a will he go to heaven? he will if he wants to. if i will ask the american people will pull themselves out of this depression, i answer, they will if they want to. i have no sympathy with the professional economists who insist that things must run their course and that human agency can have no influence on economic ills." an

what is incredible about this, frankfurter never lobbied fdr.it must be expected frankfurter, who lobbied the president on a whole host of issues, including appointing students to federal a campaign to appoint learned hands to the supreme court -- he is the close friend of apr -- of fdr. when it came to the holocaust, he did nothing. he had an elderly uncle who was his favorite uncle. he was arrested by the nazi police in austria, in vienna, and was held prisoner for several days. he expected frank porter to go to the president and say, please do something to help my uncle, my favorite uncle. he didn't. instead, he went to an agency connected to lady astor in england, who he knew was a friend of the ambassador. last thing. he was a protÉge of henry simpson. and close friend, john mcquarrie, the deputy walked toof war, he work with john mcquarrie almost every day. john mcquarrie was the war department official responsible for vetoing a proposal to bomb auschwitz the death camp. he would see mcquarrie every day. he never tried to persuade him to c

hoover carried it on a little bit but then he campaigned hard for fdr and fdr enabled rushmore to becomerushmore. >> with you think this work will be completed? >> i am trying to finish it so the figures will be done by 1975 sufficiently to allow the president to unveil it. >> and the inscription? >> that may take another year. we are planning -- brian: have you been out there? mr. snyder: i have. the national park service runs mount rushmore. they also have archives of mount rushmore history. fdr does unveil the jefferson in 1946. it is a huge moment caught on the newsreels. but he never actually finished mount rushmore. mount rushmore was never finished in the elaborate way that he wanted. mount rushmore is this perfect symbol -- this is perfect symbol of american liberalism. some of the blind spots of liberals was race during this period. mount rushmore is carved on sacred indian land. it is really celebrating our government but there is also a negative side to it as well. brian: going back to the new republican, is there anyway you can put that into the context of today? how big of a

he referenced fdr and the new deal. the president's framing their message -- we went through a campaign where make america great again was a regular campaign for the trump administration and it was successful. how long have presidents put marketing taglines on their governing principles and how does it work with the public? douglas: it works really well and it is a staple of american policies in the 19th century until today. william henry harrison running in 1840. keep the ball rolling. we use that phrase now. they would use a large ball of twine and roll it all the way from ohio to washington to keep the ball rolling from william henry harrison. the log cabin egos. one can go a -- cabin ethos. one can go on and on. theodore roosevelt with the square deal started it off. he started preaching new nationalism later in life and fdr picked up from his cousin. he called him uncle theodore even though he was a fifth cousin. you got the new deal and it worked. everyone talks about it now. where is the new new deal? president s

hoover carried it on a little bit but then he campaigned hard , borglum campaigned hard for fdr and fdrnabled rushmore to become rushmore. [video clip] >> with you think this work will be completed? >> i am trying to finish it so the figures will be done by 1975 sufficiently to allow the president to unveil it. >> and the inscription? >> that may take another year. we are planning -- to start this year and that may lead the work on till 1936. brian: have you been out there? mr. snyder: i have. the national park service runs mount rushmore. they also have archives of mount rushmore history. that was incredibly helpful. that was a great clip you showed. fdr does unveil the jefferson in 1946. it is a huge moment caught on the newsreels. there is a photo of it in my book. borglum never actually finished mount rushmore. the inscription never gets done. in 1931. mount rushmore was never finished in the elaborate way that he wanted. mount rushmore is this perfect symbol -- this is perfect symbol of american liberalism. -- it is an imperfect symbol of american laser -- american liberalism. some

fdr used to tell cornball jokes, to be honest. tr's was quick and ready and fdr was cornier, his humor. ronald reagan, in a book, he would take file cabinets and have each joke perfectly organized. if he had to give a speech to one club he would go into the , files and pull -- to the kiwanis club, he would go to the files and plot note cards and say put the joke there. everyone laughed. humor is essential. those pressd do conferences. i bet everyone here has seen them. helen thomas, famously, they would get into a whole thing. can you imagine, people would leave a jfk press conference laughing even though they were dealing often with serious points. if you took the humor and charm away from jack kennedy, it would be different. they were part of his essence. stephen: one thing they asked him when he got into office whether he was surprised by anything, he said the only thing i was surprised by was things were just as bad as i said they were. [laughter] susan: which is a similar message we are getting out of our current president, i

gil: one of the things fdr did was he was constantly finding surrogates. he also had this very intermittent relationship with his daughter. anna is living in the white house at the beginning of the roosevelt administration, and toward the end, he invites her back in. two little moments. one is, roosevelt is going to yalta to meet with stalin and churchill, and she wants to go along, and eleanor roosevelt wants to go. the daughter wins. carol: there was only room on the plane for one person. gil: she later reports, somewhat guiltily, that she gets a whole reef of papers that were supposed to go to eleanor and instead go to anna. she says, i took them because i wanted that moment. eleanor is upset with her, but not as upset as when franklin roosevelt is stricken and dies down in georgia. and it turns out that he is in the presence of his former lover, lucy rutherford, and anna knew about it and facilitated it. ouch. she said, lucy listened to my father, eleanor didn't. annette: after he had betrayed her. small point about that -- after you've given somebody

fdr and marshall had an extremely productive relationship. they disagreed on matters of strategy, marshall, where the great strategic miscues of his life insisted that the united states supported by henry stimson the secretary of war undertake with the british and early invasion of northern france. we will cross the channel in 1942 and what we can do is make sure russia will survive because the germans will cluster together all of their units to save themselves in france, germany then an occupation of france. churchill on the british this dissuaded the president from following any such as one of them called insanity. you really don't know what they're like, you're not ready to do anything like that. it was churchill and the president were certainly proved right. invasion occurred instead was the north africa, which is really where our soldiers learned to do what they had to do. the relationship between president roosevelt and marshall was cordial, productive, and he in the beginning was a little bit wary of the president. there was a moment,

fdr. reagan did get a tax cut until after the assassination. which was after a hundred days. by showing the value of intelligence and temperament with a simple majority, that's so huge for the country, people will be writing about that forever. >> host: he treats and,ri reaganomics wasn't as good as hugh hewitt claims. reagan just about tripled the dead from 994 billion to 2.948 trillion years. >> guest: that is $20 trillion.. president obama doubled the national debt from about 10 trillion to 20 trillion. even -- i don't know the facts and i'll take him at his word and he's a well-meaning person but to take the debt from 900 billion to 2.1 trillion or whatever he said is big and were doing that every year now. because of president obama economics. it was necessary to arrest the decline of jimmy carter set in motion and while is necessary to jumpstart the economy to bring down tax and it did lead to a higher deficit, we are also fighting and beating the soviet union with the defense buildu

33rd annual printers fest in chicago followed by the annual roosevelt reading festival hosted by the fdr presidential museum in hyde park, new york. june 17th. for information about the book fairs and festivals book tv will be covering and watch previous past past

fdr was afraid of being misquoted. to a certain extent nixon had that. but they refrained from making because israel seems like an underhanded thing to do to record people without once theyledge and use the tapes one time, they could really use them again because people were walking to the oval office knowing that they were being recorded. so presidents would use that advantage. can a president claim executive privilege in keeping the recordings that he or she has made? guest: richard nixon made that claim of executive privilege, his conversations with his aides needed to be protected so the executive branch could function, but ever since 1978 and the passage of presidential records those tapes along to us, the american people, they do not belong to the president, they are not his personal property. any tape made by president since then can be subpoenaed to congress or by a prosecutor, and all the them are public documents that have to be released to the public starting some years after the end of the presidents. host: we have a slide we can put on the s

from the 33rd annual printers world lit fest followed by the roosevelt reading festival hosted by the fdr presidential library and museum in high park new york on june 17th. for more information about the book fairs an festivals book tv will be covering and to watch previous festival coverage click the book fairs tab on our website. booktv.org. >> you're watching book tv on c-span2 with top nonfiction books and authors every weekend. book tv, television for serious readers. >> c-span, where history unfolds daily. in 1979 c-span was created as a public service by america's cable television companies and is brought to you today by your cable or satellite provider. next communicators discussing internet security and privacy. then a house hearing on u.s. space assets and the potential for national security threats. live at 10:00 a.m. a discussion on how to get more women to run for political office and live at 1:00 p.m. eastern barbara pierce bush, ceo and cofounder of global health corp transportation secretary elaine chao, take part of a conversation on finding solutions to global poverty.

this is an image that you can find on the website of the fdr library of the dedication of this first library. which was a community event in a very real sense. i wanted to tell you about the structure that roosevelt set up by which presidential libraries would henceforth be covered. the structure could be characterized as a public-private partnership. the way it worked was that roosevelt and in the future, his presidential foundation and presidential foundations of other presidents would raise the money to build the library and oversee its first display, and upon the dedication ceremony that very moment, the administration of the libraries would be transferred to the national archives. and that arrangement has had, i think, a democracy influence on these institutions, the public institutions of the presidential libraries, and i think that impulse is probably nowhere more glaringly demonstrated than in the nixon library. as some of you may know, the nixon library originally opened as a private library, a private institution. nixon opted out of the federal system. there end sued what t

april 1865,nclude " the month that saved america" and "1944: fdr and the year that changed history." -- please joinme me in welcoming john, jennifer and jay. we're going to talk about world war i which is a large and complex topic. i'm going to try to march all of our panelists through the big issue. i apologize if we do not get through all of the questions one might get to in a conversation like today. beginninggin at the and let me start perhaps with you john. 100 years ago this month, the united states cleared were on imperial germany --declared war on imperial germany. by that time, europeans had been fighting the war for about two years. when the war broke out, president woodrow wilson declared the united states neutral in that fight. the united states remained on the sidelines of the work -- of the war even after the so-called rape of belgium, remained on the the sinkingafter of the lusitania, remained on the sideline after the 1916 verdon.invers in why didn't the united states entered the were earlier --enter the war earlier? >> i think the assumption behind it and correct me,

and talking about george washington when there was a constitution, lincoln during the civil war, fdr during world war ii, i am cherry picking so the story will sounds better if i pick some others. let me start at the end of the book, i joined the obama administration its first day january 20, 2009. i was returning to the office of the department of justice where i worked as a young lawyer in the clinton administration, the office of legal counsel. it was an obscure office, most people back then assumed it was in the white house and they were vaguely disappointed and mystified when they learned that it wasn't. thinking of my parents in particular. the office was not obscure anymore after all the controversy that had been stirred up by the positions it has taken on the president's unchallengeable constitutional powers to interrogate, detain and wire top. putting forth those constitutional positions that first appeared, i spent the better part of three years working on a long pair of scholarly articles, it offers little support for a sweeping deal congress had no right to check the pres

instead of small government relying on what government should do we are back to the days of freespending, fdr, let's get a w out there which i wanted but at the cost as emily points out, the deficit and debt are going to explode. it is a horrible budget. dagen: you must love it. >> i'm not healthy, the healthcare bad -- it was a good week for democrats. and planned parenthood was protected, sanctuary cities. the epa. what else have we got? an extra $2 million, bipartisan issue, and increased military spending. what is interesting is whether something went on behind the scenes between republicans and donald trump, he doesn't care about reining in entitlement spending where republicans do. that will be a struggle. more than anything on the republican side. >> i worry about the debt all the time and don't understand why people in washington think money will be free-flowing forever as interest rates start rising and the cost, the debt burden becomes more severe. >> the cost of the debt burden has massed the problem. when president obama took office the debt doubled. doubled under president bush t

the first 100 days have been a benchmark for presidents since fdr. back in 1933 he got 16 major bills through congress in 100 days, setting a high standard for subsequent presides. two freshman congressman, one republican, one democrat, are tracking the president's progress and their own first 117 days --because that's how long they have been in office, representative raji krishnamoorthi is a democrat representing the 8th district in illinois. and representative jim banks is a republican representing indiana's 3rd district. it is nice to have you both with me. the first 117 days doesn't have quite the same ring to it. but how has it been? rep. banks: to be a member of congress is a great adventure for me, coming from a rural community, growing up in a small town and being able to participate in the government, it is a great honor to be here. soledad: do you think more dysfunctional than you thought as an outsider to the process or do you feel it is less dysfunctional? rep. krishnamoorthi: it is a little dysfunctional here. this is my first elected of

all the way back to fdr many presidents have recorded their meetings with some exceptions but ever since richard nixon and those watergate tapes they thought twice about it tom. >> tomorrow morning tune into "this week." the latest reporting on the bombshell firing of the fbi director james comey. next to the heroic effort to save a family from their burning home. three police officers the first to arrive trying to make it up the stairs but turned back by the flames. three children lost their lives in the fire but family members and firefighters got several others out. abc's kenneth moton on the fire outside of houston. >> reporter: tonight, a terrifying look as police officers rush inside this monster house fire frantically searching for three children. >> engine 64 currently en route johnson road for structure fire. multiple callers to report the possible victims trapped. >> reporter: firefighters still racing to the scene just outside of houston friday morning. a body camera attached to this officer. he and two others run into the burning house. staring down a wall of flames, the firs

developed in a time of fdr. developed astric they were trying to get their arms around the economic recovery, to figure out how much output this country was producing. over the years there are many metrics and ways to calculate gdp. the one is by adding of spending from the economy, consumption. how much did consumers spend, how much did the government spent, how much did businesses invest in access. we added up spending and we add the value of exports, what we sell other countries and we subtract the value of imports. we will get back to that in a second. it -- in terms of the notion of spending as the metric to gauge the national economy this is a metric that may have been applicable in the 1930's but today is absurd and i will tell you why. if we were trained to compare our economic household size among for example, would we tell you how much we spent last year and compare that? i have two girls and one of them wasbraces and -- there summer camp. you spent 400 so you are the larger household economically. tha

i think we will have to go back to fdr to it . and back to jack kennedy to find the parallels. >> it is very clear that president trump has enacted more execute you have orders and legislation than any president in 50 year and they are some of them literally historic. >> he has takeeb be on the incombersome of our national community. >> president bush did one and president obama did 0. there is a diversity. one is protecting jobs and the other getting out the federal government out of the education. and people notice. he likes to say he inherited a mess a bit. >> lou: he did, no doubt about that? >> and look at the what is going on in the the border and factory and safety and security. and we know the monpy that is invested already. but even our local communities. law enforcement, they know he supports them in way way that people feel like he is invested in community safety as well. and looking at 16 bilateral meetings. we have world leaders who are different places around the globe coming here open to the new president and comman

fdr and jfk, and lbj and of the lo long sweep of the century. those are the presidents going down as having fundamentally reshaping our economic life and social life in dramatic ways of reforms. >> third, there is no question, i think the liberal interna internationalism that william jennings bryan -- wilson helped to develop. there were those who wrongly sort of tried to see the bush to foreign policy if you will of an expression of p-- you see it muh more and now with a donald trump presidency who has come in basically declaring an end to the post 45 world order. he laid out the system of rules and institutions and policies that have presided for the last 72 years that's belated of the wilsonian's legacy. none the less of the world that we live with is quite successfully for so long. it is not forgotten that he won the noble peace prize. he was recognized at the time for that. um -- there is a few other point that i could respond to what some of my colleagues have said which i will try to do briefly. i think it is important to think about wils

this was fdr's, ronald reagan, kennedy. >> george w.son the oval office is around, there are no corners to hide in. >> there's truth that. there's a certain openness. nobody use out there. i have never seen anybody out there. >> what he meant was it all comes back to you. >> sure, sure. i think that's true anyway, but there's no question. >> when did that hit you you're the magnitude of the office and that idea that you were -- regardless of what happened, the buck stopped at you. >> it's the attraction, bigness of the deal. if you look at orders of planes, it's bigger than any orders of planes, you look at aircraft carriers and submarines. it's the mostly it's the decision. when i made the decision to go with 59 tomahawk missiles, unbelievable technology, unbelievable talent. those are tough decisions. it's a tough decision. >> tough why? >> because you're killing people. you could kill the wrong people too. if you end up in the wrong town or city, you have another tragedy. because it's killing, i hate it, but theys have to be done. >>

i was stuck on fdr for two hours, trying to get to the george washington bridge, is there anything more satisfying than that? >> caller: i want to get your opinion on a company i've been following, you may know it as coach. >> think guy who runs coach, he won't come on the show, this guy has so much game, when i go shopping, my wife makes me go there now, we were able to avoid coach for years, but not anymore, because of all the stuff they got in there. coach is good. and i think the acquisition was good and i want you to buy that stock, okay? did people really think i would like that traffic thing? because that would be, that would put me in a different class by himself. it's time our collar or thinking, we're back to hanging on every word of fed, you already know tech stocks nvidia have been flying lower. i found one recent spinoff that marry fit the bill. and day three after the market had a selloff, i gave you the game plan. i hope you understand the importance of what was moving underneath. and a double shot of cnbc d disrupt disruptors, from the company offering 10 billion check i

>> why did fdr approve the idea for a bat bomb in world car ii and learn about the navy's use of dolphinscold war. that's next on "war stories." ♪ >>if the dog is man's best

they had aligned the presidency which is something eisenhower and truman and fdr had never done. this is just as bad as the klan which is a horrible comparison but again it was he waw votes in the south. >> in the past year i read about vietnam and watergate, and obviously that is the defining moment of his political career. how did you pick and chose how to navigate that? >> their coming from the sources who were released off the record guarantee or passed away. i spent what was supposed to be a 40 minutes interview and turned out to be a three hour discussion which was invaluable. i interviewed ben bradley before he passed away. had a very good feel for their work and a great admiration for it. what they did was so important is they kept the story alive until -- i need to slow down. >> many, many rumors spread about hidden nixon wealth after watergate. the only that bailed him out and 600,000 thousands and wrote books for the rest of his life to keep the wolf away from the door. money was never a great motivating factor which is interesting considering he came from such a poor

it was fdr, ronald reagan. it was kennedy. some great presidents behind this desk. >> george w.e reason the oval office is round is there are no corners you can hide in. >> there is truth to that. there are certainly no corners. you look. there's a certain openness, but there's nobody out there, i've never seen anybody out there as you can imagine. >> but what he meant is it all comes back to you. >> sure, sure, sure. it does. i think that's true anyway, but that's true. >> when did it hit you, the magnitude of the office, and that idea that you were, regard loss of wh regardless of what happened the buck stopped with you. >> it's the bigness of the office, the bigness of the transactions, the bigness of the deals. you look at the order of planes, it's bigger than any order of planes. you look at aircraft carriers that cost $10 billion and $12 billion to build and submarines that cost $5 billion to build. it's the magnitude. but most importantly, you know, the decisions, like when i made the decision to go with syria, the 59 tomahawk missiles, unbelievable technology. we have un

. >> bret: in his own words, president trump on who made the decision to fire fdr director james comeynd why. this is "special report" ." good evening prayer welcome to washington. i am bret baier. president trump said it was his decision and his alone to get rid of the top man at the fbi. we are learning new details tonight about the president's thinking when he pulled the trigger on director james comey earlier this week. this comes as the new man at the top of the fbi, at least for the moment, did his best to get his political separation between the bureau and white house. fox team coverage. catherine herridge tells us more of

fdr who also became bills good friend was briefed at least twice a day in the map room and quickly became at the center allied war planning. here's next hurt from one of those letters from the white house to benny, a few of which i incorporated into the book providing a glimmer of their ongoing and close were tab key munication. dear benny, my new job is quite interesting even with my republican background i can't help but like and admire the man refreshing. he certainly is interested in the navy as well as quite warm personally. i have talked with him many times about you and about barton and he asked after every engagement if you are all rights. i am glad to see your luck is holding out in the good work carries on. to leave me, i follow your movements. i am always immensely relieved each time you come through. in the map room we track the movement of allied forces in the acts of the army and navy, but also of the brothers in the pacific at least until one of them went missing, which is when his own search began. my own personal journey, which began the night i came across the only pictu

he ran five times in the national ticket, something only fdr also did. nixonian should mean more than watergate. here, if these comparisons are apples to oranges, when president nixon fired that special prosecutor, archibald cox, watergate was already 18 months old. it had begun with a definable crime, breaking and entering at the dnc headquarters and there had been convictions. quite incriminating. here we have, this alleged russian occlusion story, not a single crime yet established. in the investigation has really got no place that the public can see. so it seems to me to do a disservice to president trump to liken this firing to president nixon's. i would say this president, donald trump, especially for a new president, is discharging presidential power in a very assertive way, and a way that theoretically should cheer conservatives who bemoaned the erosion of presidential power. >> bret: 109 days paired he has fired his national security advisor, moved out his deputy national security advisor, fired the acting attorney general. he has fired the fbi

since fdr, white working class voters have been the bedrock of the democratic party, they are losingm in droves because they are so stuck in an identity politics and talking about illegal immigration, and while when tom perez said, gee, no human being is illegal, guess what they hear, they hear you don't care about me, and i am a citizen, that say serious problem. liz: robin? >> like i said, you can' clutch the pearls now. when the president of the free world has said far worse. so you know. the democratic party has its work cut out. we're fighting for that middle america. liz: robin come back soon, we love having you on, a great guest, ford good to see you again. >> all right. liz: what better way to start a anti-trump revolution than in new york stay, michael moore taking it to broadway. we have greg jarrett on that story after that, don't go away. ♪ ♪ after becoming one of the largest broadband companies in the country. after expanding our fiber network coast to coast. these are the places we call home. we are centurylink. we believe in the power of the digital world. the power to

this was fdr, it was ronald reagan, it was kennedy.e great presidents behind this desk. >> george w. bush said the oval office is around is because there are no corners to hide in. >> there's truth to that. there's no corners. there is an openness, but there's nobody out there. i have never seen anybody out there as you can imagine. >> what he meant -- it's all securi secure. >> yeah. that's true. >> when did it hit you, the magnitude of the office and regard will z o -- regardless of what happened, the buck stops with you. >> it's the bigness of the office, it's the bigness of the transactions and the deals. you look at the order planes. it's bigger than any order of planes. you look at aircraft carriers that cost $10 billion and $12 billion to build and submarines that cost $5 billion to build. it's the magnitude, but most importantly, you know, the decision is like when i made the decision to go with syria, the 59 tomahawk missiles, unbelievable technology. we have unbelievable talent. but those are tough decisions. those aren't lik

this was fdr, it was ronald reagan, it was kennedy. there are some great presidents behind this desk. >> stephen: he yes, and if you put your ear to it like a sea shell, you can hear all of them rolling in their grave. and president trump-- (applause) and president trump explained that visitors are awed by the power of the oval office. >> in one case i won't say who, somebody you know very well, the head of a major, major company. the person came into the oval office and started to cry. way. came into the oval office and started to cry. >> stephen: mr. president, if i came to the oval office and saw you sitting behind the desk, i would cry too. (cheers and applause). >> stephen: now there was a nice moment when john dickerson talked about some previous presidents thoughts with trump, other men who have stood in that room and their thoughts about the responsibility of the presidenciment but i'm not quite clear sure that donald trump understood the messagement george w. bush said the reason the oval office is round is there are no corner