mr. brockman, what do you think the impact will be? >> so i think that with new technologies in the short term, we always overestimate the degreeto which they can make rapid change. but i think in the long term they do -- the technology has changed and things like the internet there has been a lot of job displacement and i think ai will be no different. i think the question of which jobs and when, i don't we have enough information yet and i think that is where measurement starts to come in. to review this as an open question and a very important one. >> and cos are, as a bottom line, no one really knows the effect on this. and our experts were saying that to know more, we might need to to encourage, for example, a datatype agency out of the federal government to help provide more data for different data to help try to answer the question of what the impact is that as this technology continues to appropriate there is also a history -- the era of british industrialization and the concern of destroying the machines and the concern about

mr. brockman, either of you? >> so i agree with dr. li. but i also point out that i think it is also becoming increasingly hard to truly compete as an academic institution. ou look at what's happening, it's very different from most scientific fields. and that the salary disparity between what you can get at one of these industrial labs versus what you can get in academia, it's very, very large. and there's a second piece, which is in order to do the research, you need access to massive computational resources. for example, the work we just did with this s.t.e.a.m. breakthrough, that required a giant cluster of something around 10,000 machines. and that's something where i an academic setting, it's not clear how you can access those resources. and so i think for the playing field to still be accessible, i think that there needs to be some story for how people in academic institutions can get access to that, and i think that the question of, you know, where is the best research going to be done and where are the best people going to be, i th