before pearl harbor. the job wasn't to do propaganda in light of the mobilization efforts. his goal was to convey information as a former reporter to write so people could understand and his job was to tell the american public about the national globalization for national defense. roosevelt declared a limited state of emergency september 309 so under the cover with billions of dollars that the billions of dollars that roosevelt asked congress to allocate for armament, it was his job to to the people what he was doing and why he was doing it. and what interesting looking back at propaganda from bureaucracy to the the unspoken acceptance of certain things go back to 19th-century america there 19th century america there were no bureaucracies except the post office but the state department but there was no public relations by those agencies instead members of us believe they were the intermediaries with the federal government so there was little public relations eventually along comes fdr who says that people

before pearl harbor. i was glad with the library putt together because that keynote speech is 100 days between 40 40 and 41 where fdr mobilized the country for national defense. that was the magic word. sometimes he said hemispheric defense but never about war butt national defense. f thos so talking about major decisions and announcements during that period.. also one of the presentations today and related to the exhibit at the museum building are posters of the period. and robert horton served in 4242 was one of the producers of posters. with that division of information office for emergency management so the first time ita became a a concept in american government.pt in the now it falls off the tongue. every city has a director.ing with the founding of emergency management the division of information in the office for w emergencyth management was thep. executive office of the president part of the official family and the officer emerged a management on behalf of the mobilization. it isn't a scary conce

the stars and stripes in pearl harbor.e-president said we will never forget the sacrifices these service members made for our nations and our freedom and he said welcome home. there will be a long process now. dna testing in the u.s. to determine the identity ever all of those in these coffins you are seeing now. general james madison, the other day. soldiers from france and australia who did not have men return home. there has been a similar process we have watched over the past 10 or 15 years. sometimes they were fruitiful ad many times they were not. the trust factor can't be stated more. the trust in this relationship appears to be just beginning over the past six weeks. mike pence was chosen for a reason. he had family in the korean war and talked about the bronze star his father earned and his own son's service in the u.s. marines. the kreern korean war was brutal coming out of the world war ii where many people wanted to turn an eye the other direction. away from war and away from the violence that was brought to te

the bombing of pearl harbor was in 1941. then the battle of midway was fought. u.s. dive bombers destroyed four japanese aircraft carriers. that was a major portion of japan's able strength. whatever chance japan had it when in the pacific war probably disappeared in june 1942. that early into the war, from the pain and humiliation of pearl harbor were to the battle of midway. that is a relatively brief time. so the war went on for three years beyond midway. i think most japanese new officers in particular realized that the war was probably lost by midway, but they took a colossal gamble to launch a war against the united states. a country whose economy was 10 times the size of their own. what were they to do this early in the war except for hang tough and hope for a miracle. i think that's what japanese officers in particular were doing. it was often couched in words of loyalty to the emperor. but it was probably more of the corporate culture of the japanese officer corps. maybe the americans would tire of the struggle. maybe we, japanese, could take such a toll of

pearl harbor. war with japan, germany and italy. making american business a warmaking machine. turn his attention to baseballs future in less than 24 hours after it was brought to his attention. baseball survived because roosevelt did turn his attention. coverage everywhere, baseballs manifest destiny. the new york times bounded landis divided by the presidents letter. another headline blared, giants -- landis shared the view the players of eligible age qualified to serve, should. more than 250 players served abroad. blackwell, henrik, pesky. some remained here to work on the home front. others rose for the minors. in america, they organize local teams, gasoline and rubber rationing keeping families close to home. baseball held fundraisers to benefit the uso and american red cross. military personnel just pick up games. more night games from the request to let the dayshift see a game. in march 1945 press conference, roosevelt intimated the past and should be played then, too. freeze-frame this time. baseball so dominated that when other sports including bowling, golf, horse rac

the bombing of pearl harbor was in december of 1941. just about six months later, after the japanese had run wild through the pacific, the battle of midway was fought. at the battle of midway u.s. , dive bombers destroyed four japanese aircraft carriers. it was a brief battle. that was a major portion of japan's naval strength. and whatever chance japan had of winning the war probably disappeared in june 1942. that early into the war, from the pain and humiliation of pearl harbor to the big victory of midway was only four months, a brief time. so the war would go on for three years beyond midway. i think most japanese new , in particular, most officers realized that the war was probably lost by midway, but they took a colossal gamble to launch a war against the united states. and really what was there to do now but to hang tough and hope for some kind of miracle. i think that is what japanese officers were doing. it was often couched in words of loyalty to the emperor. we cannot let the emperor down. i think it was more about the corpor

the bombing of pearl harbor was in december of 1941. just about six months later, after the japanese had run wild through the pacific, the battle and carved out a gigantic empire, the battle of midway was fought. u.s. dive bombers destroyed four japanese aircraft carriers. it was a brief battle. that was a major portion of japan's naval strength. whatever chance japan had of winning the pacific war probably disappeared in june, 1942, so that early into the war, from the pain and humiliation of pearl harbor to the big victory at midway, was just about six months, a brief time. so the war would go on for three years beyond midway. 1942 to i think most august, 1945. japanese naval officers, in particular, most officers across the board realized that the war was probably lost after midway, but they took a colossal gamble to launch a war against the united states, a country whose economy was 10 times their own. and really, what was there to do now, but hang up and hope for some kind of miracle? why japaneseis officers in particular were doin

involvement in the flying tigers until pearl harbor? >> before pearl harbor, the timeline is these and venturing airmen and around 1940, 1941, roosevelt decides that america is going to take increasingly aggressive action. he gives a speech in december 1940 talking about how we have personal democracy. he mentions airplanes in that speech a number of times. not too far from where we are right now, secretary morgan bolles helmets were a lot of these meetings took place to organize this effort. secretary of the treasury at the time henry morgan dowd had the steep interest in china. he had organized a lot of day to go over there and becomes very close for tv soon, chinese emissary here at the time and that relationship then transformed into the idea as china was losing its war and is going worse and worse, why doesn't america send over some planes in pilot not under official auspices to help the chinese. the even discussions and morgenthau has this thing we can send over bombers in the chinese can use them to bomb the home islands of japan

after september eleventh which is this is being compared to and pearl harbor the u.s. went to war war against japan in world war two of course and then after september eleventh the war on terror. the u.s. i believe we're past the point of no return i reserve the russian the animists and hostility towards russia i don't think we're coming back donald trump as you said all of the media attention was on his very badly stated positions at the helsinki but actually what they talked about was syria and de confliction they talked about the possibility of improving the start treaty the start treaty was signed in one thousand nine hundred one it said the united states which has seven thousand operational nuclear weapons all of which of just a few of which could destroy the entire world and russia which has a similar number that they should be reduced down to one thousand five hundred fifty and then a more that's a requirement also an affirmative obligation on from the nuclear nonproliferation treaty on all nuclear powers they talked about that that was not covered as you're say

after the december 7, 1941 attack on pearl harbor, general george c marshall ordered a series of films to explain the causes of world war ii. under the supervision of academy award-winning director frank capra, the u.s. army signal corps produced seven films between 1942 and 1945. they are known as the "why we fight" series. america," "prelude to war," which is 52 minutes and covers the outbreak of world war ii to the pearl harbor attack. the documentary explores the rise of authoritarianism and paints the conflict between the axis and allies as slavery against freedom. "prelude to war" won the academy award for best documentary in 1943.

after pearl harbor was bombed, they were in asia. where did they go at that moment? they did not stay in japan. when she and her husband were in japan after pearl harbor, how did they get out? ms. todd: i am sorry, maybe i miscommunicated. they weren't. they were still working for the honolulu advertiser. they were training to go to japan. they wanted to live and work there. >> a question to your left hand? ms. todd: yes ma'am? >> yes, my husband was in world war ii, as young as you could have been, and after the war he was sent with his unit to china to repatriate japanese prisoners. brought intoomehow the nationalist chinese army. there were three or four of them that went up north, they did not get in time -- get there in time to meet the nationalists. the communists were on the move and he and the others started moving south. he was the only one who lived through it. the others died of dysentery. he never told me -- i never understood why he was there. have you ever heard of that happening? ms. todd: first of all, there are a lot of different -- people are of dif

after the december 7, 1941 attack on pearl harbor, general george c marshall ordered a series of films to explain the causes of world war ii. under the supervision of academy award-winning director frank capra, the u.s. army signal corps produced seven films between 1942 and 1945. they are known as the "why we fight" series. america," "prelude to war," which is 52 minutes and covers the outbreak of world war ii to the pearl harbor attack. the documentary explores the rise of authoritarianism and paints the conflict between the axis and allies as slavery against freedom. "prelude to war" won the academy award for best documentary in 1943. ♪ narrator: causes and events leading up to our entry into the war. well, what are the causes? why are we americans on the march? is it because of -- [explosions] narrator: -- pearl harbor? is that why we are fighting? or is it because of britain? france? ♪ china? czechoslovakia? norway? poland? holland? greece? belgium? albania? yugoslavia? or russia? ♪ narrator: just what was it made us change our way of living overnight? what turned our resources, o

the year before the attack on pearl harbor. the priorities and goals in case the nation entered war. and this statement would be known as plan dog. the second plan was a colossal program to rescue great britain by providing with armaments. and what fdr called the arsenal of democracy. and it was called cleanly. in 1940, roosevelt defeated his excellent republican opponent, wendell wilkie. the first american president to serve a third term in the white house. but after his election he was own tired from all the campaigning in speeches. and in fact, he was so tired that many people in washington and around the country feared that he wasn't really engaged in the terrible world crisis. fortunately, roosevelt was surrounded by a brilliant team of advisers. secretary of war, henry stimson. secretary of the navy, frank knox, army chief of staff, general george marshall and naval chief of operations, admiral stark. they admitted that it could be trying to work with their commander-in-chief. in november 1940, stimson wrote in his diary

as he saw it, the left would not admit that pearl harbor and everything leading up to pearl harbor was the error of the entire subsequent post par enterprise. buckley saw the whole world after that as a mistake. this is his statement in national review, he wanted to stand athwart history yelling stop. buckley was never that invested in the arguments with vietnam. his belief there was hey, you created this world, it's your mess, you deal with it. and there was a certain sense of conservative washing of hands of this. now, anti-communism became a very important part of conservatism because it was the third leg of the stool that tied together libertarian conservatism with more traditional kinds of conservatism. and those two forms didn't have much in common but thekds agree on anti-communism as a fusion. anti-communism was a negative thing, and granted there were some variations like the fact that you could have asia firsters in the conservative community, but their love of asia was only sort of skin deep. no one really cared about india. people got bored when it came to point four. buckl

berthing positions and ship movements at pearl harbor. concerned, she took the message to the head of department who told her he would get back to it on monday. just over 24 hours later, the commander-in-chief of the japanese fleet was piped aboard his flagship to hear the first messages coming in about the success of the surprise attack on pearl harbor by his planes. and this brings me to the end of my decade. the story of what happened over the next 3 1/2 years, although perhaps better known in outline, also contains many intriguing twists. but these i have to leave for another time, or perhaps to now , for questions. thank you very much, indeed. thank you. [applause] and if anybody does have any questions, i will do my best to try and answer them. yes, sir. >> telegraph, german, japanese. diana: i was very interested to find out what was going on in the axis countries. and the situation was, when war broke out, you were starting with a level playing field. the discovery and interpretation of fission was out in public. the level was the

takes us through pearl harbor, through midway, the most decisive battle probably of the pacific in terms of turning the war, and then '42 to '44 the island hopping campaign from -- i would say the best history of the pacific i've ever seen or ever touched. highly recommend. goal used was wherein but theern revolution, wrote a book called "divided" about 0 john adams and thomas jefferson. one of the most fame out pairings in american history, they were very close in paris together as dignitaries, ambassadors for the united states, early burgeoning united states, colonial united states, and then of course became rivals for the presidency, ran against each other, got very bitter, and they didn't talk or communicate for a number of year, then they resumed their correspondence to the enter session of benjamin rush, one of the founders of america and a physician in philadelphia, and that blossomed into an enduring friendship until they dade. they both died on july 4, 1826. within hours. wasn't of the great coincidences in american history. this is that story. and it's really a joy to read and

if anybody ever mentions the paranoid conspiracy theory they really wanted the attack on pearl harbor to takeke place you could mention to those people pn and explain to them that whatn they want last thing they wanted was a two ocean war.ct now for subject number two it all started early december 1840w when roosevelt decided to exchange cold and gray washington for war sunny caribbean cruise. reporters asked why was not willing to say where he was gog going we are going to christmas i went to buy christmas cardsr then easter island to buy easter eggs.and the r and all of the reporters laugher on december 3 fdr and his friends boarding tuscaloosa relaxing in the gentle breeze of the caribbean and finished and then on the deck but one week later and navy play delivered a special letter from winston lat churchill that later said thisr was one of the most important letters he ever wrote itetter ce catapultedd roosevelt from theuy alled seas and the sunny blueso skies into a dark war-torn world. the churchill began the letter with a solemn observation the future of our two democracies and

pearl harbor conspiracists are not saying they flew the planes of pearl harbor. kennedy conspiracists are not saying they were the ones who took the shot. i should not say that, there are some who say they did. this is fundamentally different, where they are saying they have been abducted. >> i think some of that could be a lack of verifiability, where you claim it was your own narrative and you were abducted by aliens, there is no factual ground point. the kennedy assassination, you have x, y, and z the happened, those are undisputed. kennedy was shot, you can't go far past. -- that. i feel like an -- one of the rhetorical uses of saying this is your own experience, nobody can deny that. >> that is at the root of why ufo conspiracism can become so expensive. we have talked about this, the fact that in terms of abduction evidence, that evidence is by definition personal. it is by purse -- definition subjective. once we move away from objects of veracity of physical evidence, where do we get to? what have we been talking about the last couple of classes? there is

war," which isto 52 minutes and covers the outbreak of world war ii to the pearl harbor attack.explores the rise of authoritarianism and paints the conflict between the axis and allies as slavery against freedom. it won the academy award for best documentary in 1943.

pearl harbor conspiracists aren't saying they flew the planes at pearl harbor. kennedy conspiracists aren't the ones saying they took the shot. i shouldn't say that, some of them have said they took the shot. this is fundamentally different where they're saying they have been abducted. >> i think some could be lack of verifiabilit verifiability. when you claim you were abducted by aliens, there's no factual ground point. in the kennedy assassination, you have x, y, z happen, those are undisputed. kennedy was shot. you can't go too far past that. >> unless it is someone who says he's still alive. >> there were some of those. but in saying it is your own experience, nobody can really deny that. >> yeah. and that is at the root of why this -- why ufo conspiracism can become so expensive. we have talked about the fact that in terms of abduction evidence, that evidence is by definition personal. it is by definition subjective. once we move away from the kind of objective veracity of physical evidence, what do we get to? what have we been talking about the last couple

the images from the honorable carry ceremony at joint base pearl harbor this month made us all proud to be americans. president trump is committed to getting the 8000 left behind from the korean war home everything closer to the family weapon waiting for more than 60 years. the process of identifying the remains is challenging, but one that this administration is committed to. overseeing this process is kelly mckeague, the director of e

as he saw it, the left would not admit that pearl harbor and everything leading up to pearl harbor washe foundational error of the entire subsequent postwar enterprise. buckley saw the whole world after that as in some sense a mistake. this is his famous statement in the opening issue of national review that he wanted to stand before history yelling stop. buckley simply did not believe in the postwar national order that came out of this. therefore, buckley was never that invested in the arguments over vietnam. his belief there was hey, you created this world, it is your mess, you deal with it. it was a certain sense of conservative washing of hands of this. anti-communism became a very important part of conserving this, because it was the third leg of the store that kind -- tied together libertarian conservatism with different kinds of conservatism. those other two forms did not have much in common, but they could agree on anti-communism as the basis for fusion is a. anti-communism was again kind of a negative thing. granted, there were some variations, like the fact that you have asia

war," which isto 52 minutes and covers the outbreak of world war ii to the pearl harbor attack. it explores the rise of authoritarianism and paints the conflict between the axis and allies as slavery against freedom. it won the academy award for best documentary in 1943. ♪ ♪ narrator: causes and events leading up to our entry into the war. well, what are the causes? why are we americans on the march? is it because of pearl harbor? is that why we are fighting? or is it because of britain? france? china? czechoslovakia? norway? poland? holland? greece? belgium? albania? yugoslavia? or russia? just what was it made us change our way of living overnight? what turned our resources, our machines, our whole nation into one vast arsenal, producing more and more weapons of war instead of the old materials of peace? what put us in the uniform ready to engage the enemy on every continent and every ocean? what are these two worlds of which mr. wallace spoke? the free and the slave. let's take the free world first, our world. how did it become free? only through a long and unceasing struggle

remember, this is after pearl harbor, when the idea of a sneak attack means something very different than what we might think of now. so, just a couple of examples as a way to close out this part of the class. in one typical case, a sailor reported that two zoot suiters accosted his wife as she walked near chavez ravine. and i should say there is from some of these quotes, at least r-rated label. they pulled up alongside her and asked her to get in the car, propositioning her by cursing, "how about a fuck?" other reports abound of zoot suiters allegedly calling sailors belittling names like boy scouts, insulting their military service, bastards, dirty sons of bitches, in one instance, a sailor claimed that a zoot suiter called him a sucker for being in the navy when there were so many damn ways to keep out of it. there were many more sailors whose charges included being called "fucking navy bastards," or one of my all-time favorites, "a cock-sucker of the first water," "god damn swab jockeys," another favorite of mine, "uncle sam's pet cock-sucker." then there was the sailor who said

many mexican-americans and african americans and japanese americans, particularly after pearl harbor in december of 1941, support what was known as the double v campaign. the double v campaign was victory abroad. against hitler, mussolini, and fascism, but also victory at home for first class membership in american society. you can't win abroad without also winning at home. but you couldn't fight for american democracy over seas without fighting for equal citizenship on the home front. this became a fundamental and core principle for many mexican-american, african american, and other folks. there were some successes. in civil rights during the war. franklin dell nor roosevelt, president during the years of world war ii banned ban banned discrimination calling for fair employment practices and fair housing opportunities. there were also movements against and resistance to civil rights progress. i remember, we is mexicans becoming a larger portion of american urban populations. we have african americans migrating internally to big cities across the country. and eventually by the time w

and it's a trilogy, in toll's book and predecessor the pacific war trilogy, he takes us through pearl harbor, through midway, the most decisive battle probably of the pacific in terms of turning the war and then 42 to 44 the campaign from canal all the way, brilliant writing. i mean, i couldn't put it down. i would say the best history of the pacific i have seen or touched, i highly recommend ian toll. gordon wood, great american historian, has written a lot about the american revolution, wrote a book, friendship and rivalry of john adams and thomas jefferson. one of the most famous pairings in american history, they were very close, they were together as dignitaries, ambassadors to the united states, colonial in the united states and then, of course, became rivals to the presidency, ran against each other, got very bitter in election of 1800 and didn't talk or communicate for a number of years and then they resumed correspondence, one of the founders of america and position in philadelphia. and that blossomed until enduring friendship until they died, they both died july 4th, 1826, within h

a few years ago on the 70th anniversary of the attack on pearl harbor, my predecessor daniel k. inouye planned to give a floor speech remembering the 2,004 americans who died that day. senator inouye's staff let it known he would mark the anniversary on the senate floor but he gave that speech to a chamber that was not full. but john mccain was there. he was there for senator inouye just as he had been there for our military and for our country time after time. he was ernest -- earnest and solemn when it came to fulfilling his oath to the constitution but he was also the embodiments of taking your job seriously, not yourself. one tribute from a former staff member recalled senator mccain led a codel to estonia where he joined a senate colleague hillary clinton enjoying several rounds of vodka shots before deciding to take a midnight stroll around town. he also remembered the senator holding a press conference in a geo thermal pool in iceland, bathing suit and all. early on in my time in the united states senate, i would pick up the phone and call my dad to tell him whenever i ha

. >> earlier this summer president trump invoked pearl harbor as a negotiating tool with japan, duringeeting with japanese prime minister shinzo abe at the white house back in early june the president told abe, quote, i remember pearl harbor, evidentially to set up a blistering critique of policies and a rationale for japan to renegotiate a trade deal with the occupation. they say trump frequently brings up japan's quote samurai past as abe's aides, quote, are resigned to trump now being uncontrollable. >> interesting diplomatic maneuvering there. let's switch gears, bring in bill kierans with a check of the weather. >> let's talk about the headlines. it's only wednesday. ly get into your labor day forecast. 60 million people in the heat today. just as bad if not a little bit worse. i am pretty positive, this will end up being the hottest day you will have until next summer. so just be prepared for that in the knee. we also in northern new england, andirondacks, burlington, ending up in northern hatch, a damaging wind threat with thunderstorms late tonight. be prepared for that. today'

only 10 months later, on december 7, 1842 was the attack of pearl harbor. you are right. it was 1941. thank you for correcting me. when the 2 in 1945, is japanese surrendered and at that time, there were -- naval vessels in service. most in the pacific. that is an interesting statistic. , 1950, the north korean troops invaded south korea and june 26, the pacific fleet was involved in airstrikes. conflict, mid 1960's, we were 200 strong in terms of ships involved in the conflict in vietnam. era, we saw an average or have more engaged operations and training with our allied forces. as we say here today, there is an operation going on, training in hawaii, which happens every year with naval forces that join together for those exercises. 4, 1990, operation desert shield began and our ships were involved in the persian gulf in the north arabian sea. after 9/11, we had operation freedom and operation iraqi freedom that our forces were involved with as well. something that is really early 1990's, the navy really got involved in humanitarian efforts. there were many deployments e

byrnes: even, as i said earlier, even those people who wanted the british to win even on the eve of pearl harbor, most americans did not want to get into the war. a direct attack on the united states and its territory to convince people war was necessary. they wanted to help. they did not want to get involved. throughout the entire period of 1931 to december 1940 one, americans did not want to get into the war. to december 19 41, americans did not want to get into the war. steve: do you have a book on this? professor byrnes: i hope so. this is something that i hope to see fruition one day. steve: thank you. the associated professor at the department of history, the department of history, wofford college. we appreciate your time. professor byrnes: thank you. watching american history tv, 48 hours of programming on american history every weekend on c-span3. follow us on twitter for scheduleon on their and to keep up with the latest history news. >> we are in a museum in las cruces. c-span is learning about the city's history. new mexico has a strong agriculture industry. up next, we take you aroun

following pearl harbor in december of '41, we all are aware that japanese and japanese-americans living in much of the west coast of the united states were interned. when the u.s. goes to war with japan, the fallout on the home front was devastating for many japanese-americans. when american patriotism during the war sort of bleeds into and becomes very hard to distinguish from a kind of yellow peril. i mean, the larger argument here, and this is not unique to the second world war, is that the line between patriotism and fascism is sometimes hard to distinguish. and in the early 1940s and 1942, the first months of that year in particular, franklin dela no roosevelt signs another executive order which essentially suspends the citizenship and human rights of japanese-americans and sends them to concentration camps. their property, their homes, their belongings are confiscated. two-thirds -- two-thirds of the some 120,000 men, women, and children that are interned in these concentration camps are american citizens. they're basically given one week's notice before being shipped off to one o

is because of -- ♪ >> pearl harbor? fighting?y we are britain.because of -- ♪ >> france?♪ >> china? ♪ czechoslovakia? ♪ >> norway? ♪ >> poland? ♪ >> holland? ♪ >> greece? ♪ >> belgium? ♪ albania,ny a -- yugoslavia, or russia? ♪ >> watch the entire film sunday at 4:00 p.m. eastern on real america, only on c-span3. you are watching american history tv. q&a --ght on >> what must that sound like? >> we are hearing the cries of children, immigrant children who have just been separated from their parents in a border patrol detention facility. it was an audio i obtained a month and a half ago or so through -- with the help of a lawyer, a civil rights attorney on the border named jennifer. she had obtained this tape and thought it was important and shared it with me. and asked what i thought about it. i told her i felt we should try to publish it. decision for the source of that tape who felt that the tape could put them at risk for being identified and fired. agreed source ultimately to allow me and pro-public -- propublica to publish the are you. >> tonight at 8:00 eastern on c