would have been a czechoslovakia after you got back? >> well, do things just to add a variety of complications to this, czechoslovakia was a country of founded after 1918. and as a result of world war i and the hungarian empire collapses in czechoslovakia was founded that way thanks to the checks pronounce it -- and the 14 points. it was a country based a national identity. i have to tell this because the first president that czechoslovakia was a man called thomas garret foster. he had married an american. her name is charlotte gary m. at the end of the 19th century, he took her maiden name as his middle name. not a lot of them do that. also, the check was about constitution was based on the american constitution with one major difference. .. it had a small german minority in the north. and they were trying to figure out how to deal with them when that minority was energiddize by a apostle or disciple of hitler's. so what happened was, that the, there were agreements made that the west could defend czechoslovakia if in fact the germans

he took over the rest of czechoslovakia. there would be no more peace in our time. april 7, 1939.lini invades albania. extra paper, extra paper. >> the picture was becoming clear. the conquering forces of violence were being sent -- being set loose in the world. in a last, desperate effort to avert a world war, president roosevelt sent messages to hitler and mussolini, asking their promise to respect the independence of the remaining 33 countries. to adolf hitler, this message was a huge joke, as he repeated the names. >> portugal, luxembourg -- >> this was the only answer the president received. on september 1, 1939, the nazi army smashed into poland. >> england and france had a treaty with poland. would the act now? at home, we listened in suspense. >> adolf hitler's attack on poland -- prime minister chamberlain gave the nazi dictator a zero hour to withdraw his armies from poland. that zero hour ins now. >> up to the very last, it would have been quite possible to arrange a peaceful and honorable settlement between germany and england, but heller would not have it. it is a sit

. >> some of the best players in our game come from russia and europe and czechoslovakia.and this is a whole new market for hockey and the national hockey league going over to asia. boston and calgary are going to play two games or there this year. the chinese people when they get behind something, they go all in. they are hosting 22 winter olympics. they want their hockey team to be represented in a positive manner. we are going over there to do some clings. we'll watch some hockey d there to do some clinics. we'll watch some hockey games and give some pointers. what we are going to do, we'll do some clinics and hockey videos we'll leave behind in china. there are some great north american people coaching over in china right now. so it's not like the hockey system has never been started. they have been up and running so hopefully we can make it better. maria: i was watching video of you the other day. when i'm watching the puck, it's a little dangerous and kind of scary. do you miss the game? >> i miss it immensely. it's the greatest sport. the people are the nicest peopl

the fall of austria, czechoslovakia, poland, denmark, norway, holland, belgium, and france had given00 million slaves to work for him or starve. the preliminaries were over. it was time for the main event. the battle of britain. ♪ hitler and his generals feverishly drafted their plans for the conquest of britain. every detail must be considered. six weeks of final preparation went into those plans. six weeks to determine the history of 1000 years. see for yourselves how simple the whole operation was to be. look. >> plan for invasion of england. phase 1. knock out the royal air force. get control of the air. wipe out poland, the low countries and france. destroy communication and transport lines. above all, take command of the air. phase 2, pulverize the coastline with dive bombers. take over the airfields. phase 3. the actual invasion. for german panzer divisions cross under an umbrella of protecting fighter planes. then, send spearheads of arm might to divide, surround and destroy all opposition. that's all there was to it. conquer britain. force the surrender of the british fleet.

the fall of austria, czechoslovakia, poland, denmark, norway, holland, belgium, france, had given himore than 100 million slaves to work for him or starve. the preliminaries were over. it was time for the main events. the battle of britain. ♪ hitler and his generals drafted feverishly drafted their plans for the conquest of britain. a slip could wreck the whole timetable of world conquest. six weeks of final preparation went into those plans. six weeks to determine the history of 1000 years. the theme was fool-proof. see for yourself how simple it was to be. the german planned for an invasion of england. phase one -- knock out the royal air force and get control of the air. followed the plan that had wiped out poland and france. destroy communication and transport lines. above all, get command of the air. two -- pulverize the coastline with dive bombers. drop parachute troops to take over the airfields and establish beachheads. phase three -- actual invasion. pour the german divisions across in high-speed barges under an umbrella of protecting fighter planes. then, send spearheads of

the fall of austria, czechoslovakia, poland, denmark, norway, holland, belgium, france, had given himore than 100 million slaves to work for him or starve. the preliminaries were over. it was time for the main events. the battle of britain. ♪ hitler and his generals drafted hitler and his generals drafted their plans for the conquest of britain. every detail must be every detail must be anticipated. a slip now might wreck the whole timetable of world conquest. six weeks of final preparation went into the plans. six weeks to determine the history of 1000 years. the thing was the thing was foolproof. see for yourself how simple it was to be. look. the germans planned for an the thing was foolproof. see for yourself how simple it was to be. look. the germans planned for an invasion of england. phase under an umbrella protecting fighter planes. then, send spearheads of armed might to divide, surround, and destroy all opposition. that is all there was to it. conquer britain. force the surrender of the british fleet and what the combined seapower of germany, britain, italy, france, and japa

the germans had built a replica in czechoslovakia. when the real attack came, it was foolproof.te troops, dive bombers, specially trained engineer battalions all working together as a well-trained team. they knew exactly where to cross the river. you will notice that this assault engineer knows exactly where to put his high explosive charge in order to destroy the blackout. the german armies rolled on. meantime, an hour and a half after the german invasion began, allied troops caught the french and belgium border to meet the advancing germans. as they raced across belgium to take up their defense positions, they met an obstacle they hadn't counted on: refugees. and the refugee choke holds didn't get that way by accident. the nazis methodically bombed little towns and villages otherwise devoid of military value not so much to kill as to drive the inhabitants out on the highway. then by expert machine gun, the nazis would herd them along and homelessly entangle their -- advancing allied armies. refugees used as a weapon of war. a new low and inhumanity. no school today, the sign s

cancel a very very well thought out air defense interceptor system that was to go into poland and czechoslovakia that both countries had agreed to accept that some considerable risk and then the obama administration said no and you know we had the famous reset and then it was. view that there was sort of a by trump that there was not a robust enough response to various russian predations exercises the annexation of crimea etc the third thing is economic look the united states government is in a period in which the military in particular and i think the people around trump do believe this the military has been deployed on these endless wars overseas by both republican and democratic presidents that haven't done anything to advance our security interests that we need to focus on rebuilding and repositioning to deal with our true adversaries which are in our near peer adversaries china russia and try to get somebody else or come to some solution for these endless middle east wars well gehrig in your view what are the risks of this trump doctrine or policy. i think you know what's already been said

czechoslovakia. norway. poland. holland. greece. belgium. albania. yugoslavia. or russia? just what was it made us change our way of living overnight? what turned our resources, our machines, our whole nation into one vast arsenal producing more and more weapons of war instead of the old materials of peace? what put us in the uniform ready to engage the enemy on every continent and every ocean? what are these two worlds of which mr. war spoke, the free and the slave? it's take the free world first. our world, how did it become free? only for a long and un-seasoned struggle inspired by men of vision. moses, mohammed, confucius, christ, all believe that in the sight of god all men were created equal. and from that there developed a spirit among men of missions, which is best explained in our own declaration of freedom. we hold these truths to be felt -- self-evident that all men are created equal. it is the cornerstone upon which our nation was built and the ideal of all late liberations. washington, jefferson, garibaldi , lafayette, bolivar, lincoln, lighthouses, lighting u

allies were not keen to repeat the mistakes as had happened so disastrously with the germans in czechoslovakia. the ideals of the atlantic charter were to take a backseat to the realities. the german populations would be expelled. soviet union, for its part, having fought every step of the berlin,m stalingrad to were yet to succeed on its western borders. the statistics vary, but almost certainly in excess of 70%. perhaps as high as 90%. that's as high as 90% of all german military casualties in world war i are inflicted by the red army. you heard a talk last night about the price the soviet union paid. at least 20 million dead. at least 20 million dead. but many of these concerns exhibited by stalin and the communists were not terribly different to the concerns of ms. ours -- of of those czar's, who had always looked to secure the western invasion route into russia. the western allies, the french were the keenest on the punitive peace and on reparations, entertained in early plan with the industry of coal production. the british were dealing with financial implications of the war, quickly ret

kept alive by artists who keep those ideas alive for example, during the soviet occupation of czechoslovakia and a number of other playwrights went underground and got their plays produced and those plays were about the resistance to the occupation. and although went on to become president of the czech republic . also, fugard and john conover at the market theatre in johannesburg kept alive the whole opposition to apartheid and raising it for the absurdity that it was. and you know, during you mentioned the 1950s, the consciousness that ralph ellison or james baldwin or lorraine hansberry or alvin ailey, in terms of this embodiment of expression kept alive. it was like a surge towards the civil rightsmovement . so one other example would be senegal, he was part of the movement in paris and went on to become president of senegal when it became independent so we have lots of examples of artists who have really emboldened the consciousness of a larger population to make change. >> that raises an interesting question of the relationship between thequality of the work of art and its political imp

the country going through the fall of czechoslovakia course in the munich agreement, the fall of poland, the fall of france, the invasion of russia. all of these things happened before pearl harbor. and so, robert horton's job was to do propaganda in support of the national mobilization effort. in other words, his goal was to convey information. he was a former reporter. he knew how to write quickly. he knew how to write so people could understand what was being presented to them. his job was to tear the american public about the national mobilization for national defense. franklin roosevelt had declared a limited state of emergency. in september of 39. and so, under the cover of the limited state of emergency in the billions of dollars the roosevelt asked congress to allocate for armaments, it was horton's job to explain to the american people what he was doing and why he was doing it. what is interesting looking back at the issue of propaganda from bureaucracy, there seemed to be a kind of an unspoken acceptance of certain things. in other words, if you go back to 19th century america

and one of whom, the most remarkable story of all, my czechoslovakia jewish mother, sent me back to livefight for american values today. she was my best adviser, don, as i did that. >> norm eisen, "last palace." >>> thanks for watching. our coverage continues. oh! oh! ♪ ozempic®! ♪ (vo) people with type 2 diabetes are excited about the potential of once-weekly ozempic®. in a study with ozempic®, a majority of adults lowered their blood sugar and reached an a1c of less than seven and maintained it. oh! under seven? (vo) and you may lose weight. in the same one-year study, adults lost on average up to 12 pounds. oh! up to 12 pounds? (vo) a two-year study showed that ozempic® does not increase the risk of major cardiovascular events like heart attack, stroke, or death. oh! no increased risk? ♪ ozempic®! ♪ ozempic® should not be the first medicine for treating diabetes, or for people with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. do not share needles or pens. don't reuse needles. do not take ozempic® if you have a personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer, multiple endocrine neo

austria, czechoslovakia, poland, denmark, norway, holland, belgium, france, had given him more than 100on slaves to work for him or starve. the preliminaries were over. it was time for the main event. the battle of britain. ♪ >> you can watch in and other american history programs on our website where all our video is archived. that's c-span.org/history. each week, american history tv's "real america" brings you archival films that provide context for today's public affairs issues. ♪ >>> there are the offices of a state commission that exist because the people of new york believe that everyone should have a fair and equal chance to earn a living, whatever his race, creed, color, or national origin. charged with the power to bring full legal redress to any person deprived by discrimination of a just opportunity to get and hold a job, the new york state commission against discrimination consists of five commissioners. in discharges its duties, the commission relies not on enforcement procedure alone, but also on education of the public. it uses every means of communication to make the peo

referring here to the area between the baltic states poland, czechoslovakia, hungary, bulgaria, all then to the black sea and through croatia and slovenia. this is a pace in which we want to cooperate and develop our cooperation with the united states is a key importance. also as far as providing energy security is concerned. today we talked at length about this with mr. president. we also discussed threats to energy security in europe to the possible diversification of supplies. without any doubt, such a huge, threat right now as posed by the construction of gas 2 pipeline. we discussed with mr. president i presented him the situation as i as it hae to be clear and say from the jerry magerman and russian side construction. there are still formalities connected with the laying of the bypass baltic sea. this adjustment threatens energy stability of europe and without any doubt it threatens polish energy security because it threat there is a threat of ration and domination. russia says it's going to build more pipelines 3 and 4. this widespread domination in europe is obvious. what are th

cancel a very very well thought out air defense interceptor system that was to go into poland and czechoslovakia that both countries had agreed to accept that some considerable risk and then the obama administration said no and you know we had the famous reset and then it was viewed that there was sort of a by trump that there was not a robust enough response to various russian predations exercises the annexation of crimea etc the third thing is economic look the united states government is in a period in which the military in particular and i think the people around trump do believe this the military has been deployed on these endless wars overseas by both republican and democratic presidents that haven't done anything to advance our security interests that we need to focus on rebuilding and repositioning to deal with our true adversaries which are in our near peer adversaries china russia and try to get somebody else or come to some solution for these endless middle east wars well. in your view what are the risk of this trump doctrine or policy. i think you know what's already been said here t

president of czechoslovakia, the czech republic owes his election to money from luke oil. that's not privately or if it is it was directed by putin to a certain area. the owner knew who was buttering his bread back in moscow. they are willing to support any and all forces in the west who are opposed to european integration which the regard as the great geopolitical, taken in its democratic form, and, therefore, their opposed to democracy. we've seen this in the european venue, support for brexit, support for the intervention and the dutch referendum, in the catalonia question in spain, in the referendum there. intervention in the french, german, italian elections. subsidizing the austrian coalition members and the italian coalition members. serbia, greece, macedonia and the list is endless and across the we could talk about the new reports about turkey and israel. inan tell you they are also latin america. four years ago i was at a meeting with treachery tragic political said what can we do about the fact the russians have the first two numbers, rt has diversity numbers in

kept alive by artists who keep those ideas alive for example, during the soviet occupation of czechoslovakia and a number of other playwrights went underground and got their plays produced and those plays were about the resistance to the occupation. and although went on to become president of the czech republic . also, fugard and john conover at the market theatre in johannesburg kept alive the whole opposition to apartheid and raising it for the absurdity that it was. and you know, during you mentioned the 1950s, the consciousness that ralph ellison or james baldwin or lorraine hansberry or alvin ailey, in terms of this embodiment of expression kept alive. it was like a surge towards the civil rightsmovement . so one other example would be senegal, he was part of the movement in paris and went on to become president of senegal when it became independent so we have lots of examples of artists who have really emboldened the consciousness of a larger population to make change. >> that raises an interesting question of the relationship between thequality of the work of art and its political imp

recognize the anniversary of the munich pack where hitler and mussolini got together and a chunk of czechoslovakia was seated to the nazis. it has very much the echoes of what happened with the crimean peninsula. putin was saying he wants to protect and all of the stuff. history doesn't repeat, but it does rhyme. were starting to see some shape of that. >> let's hear from dan in jackson heights new york. >> i read your stuff because a number of years i was involved in that area. i had the feeling that in the novel that i did there is an appreciation of how insightful the action is to feel that you are covering. and how the people who make things go or not the action people. and actually a lot of the people who started this i was wondering if you think you might be tucked in and this whole thing. the other thing it's pretty much known that the brain is a habit and insight. it might be very interesting to show how much they appreciate actions in that field then exactly how much is habit and how much is inside. the insight is this specificity. until you really grasp of this and then apply it it's tot

collapsed and there was national and ethnic warfare in yugoslavia, check slyugoslavi yugoslavia, czechoslovakia apart and then slovakia and the czech republic. and nationalism reared its ugly head and it's that which changed white supremacy to white nationalism. and white nationalism has a desire to break up the united states. that's their goal. to create a white republic in the land of the united states. there's more, but they want me to get off here. i'm going to leave with a note to the congressman. are there any congressional reps or staff in the crowd besides these two? well, in the united states house of representatives every year representati representative stephen king of iowa introduces a resolution or a piece of legislation to get rid of birth right citizenship. and birth right citizenship is the corner of the 14th amendment which is -- this year is the 150th anniversary of the 14th amendment and you cannot separate equal before the law from birth right citizenship. and they want to do it. they want to crush -- white supremacists have hated -- and that's the first time you've heard me

munich pact where hitler, mussolini get together with neville chamberlain in france and a chunk of czechoslovakiawas seated to the nazis. have a steady want to protect ethnic germans and it is very much the echoes of what happened with the crimean peninsula where putin was saying want to protect ethnic russians and all this kind of stuff. history does repeat but it does right. we're starting to see some shape of that and that catwoman into "spy master" ethel. >> host: dan in new york. >> caller: [inaudible] i read your stuff because a number of years involved in that area, and i had the feeling that in the novel that i did read, there is an initiation of how insightful rather than action is to feel, , the general feel you are covering. and how the people who make things go are not the action people, and actually a lot of the people who die in the end of the people who never started this whole operation. so i was wondering if you think that you might be a little -- with this whole thing. the other thing i want to say is, it's not pretty much known that the brain is a site -- insight. it might be v

it's not worse than czechoslovakia. it's not worst than poland. those were very oppressive regimes. >> it could go in that direction, but thinking back on the history of iran, i can't think of an event where there is not major violence. >> not a lot of violence. not a lot. it was a nonviolent revolution. it came after the islamic republic. >> and the build up -- >> there was some violence. >> you look for months after. >> that's not mass violence. >> go read and it's well documented. i don't think there will be a peaceful collapse of the regime. >> it will be rapid. >> my heart wants to believe that, but my mind says that's one possibility among several. that's the ideal end of the spectrum. >> not rapid in the time it takes the regime to collapse, but we won't see it coming and it will go. >> you have to consider also, iran is a deeply divided society. there is a core group of people who believe in the regime and the message and they will beat up a scarfless woman. these women who come out of nowhere and start beating people and they are not even