his brilliant works are stalingrad, berlin: the downfall, 1945, d day: the battle for normandy, and the second world war. his literary prizes include the samuel johnson price, the wolfson prize for history and the hawthorne prize for literature. not to mention orders and decorations from various european governments. he is married to the writer and biographer art miscooper whose father was a distinguished and much-loved historian who, sadly, passed away this year. ladies and gentlemen, it is my great honor to introduce sir anthony beevor. [applause] sir anthony, i thought we'd begin by having you set the seen for us. it's the end of august, early september, 1944, and something strange and unaccustomed is happening. the germans on the western front are in full and rather undignified restreet. can you -- retreat. can you paint that picture for us and tell us how the planning for what churchill later called the all-important forward bound in the north got underway? >> it was all just on the western front that the germans were in retreat. it was also on the eastern front. there was an operation where the red army had advanced right the way across bela ru