in reading at the national centre for atmospheric research, the old weather instruments are still in that they're still using these pretty old—fashioned devices is for consistency. so you know the readings you're getting today were measured in exactly the same way they were 100 or 150 years ago. supercomputers crunch sea, ice and dust data from past years and try to simulate the weather that occurred in each year. now it's been fine tuned to correctly reflect what actually happened, researchers have started changing the environment and watching the effects. what we can do with a model is we can lower the temperature in this part of the world and see whether or not we still produce that many hurricanes. i'm assuming then you have done that, you have lowered the sea temperature to see how it affected the number of hurricanes, what happened? that certainly played a role. around half of the hurricanes happen because the sea surface temperature was up warmer in that year. professor vidal also told me in the future tropical storms are predicted to originate further north, and importantly cu