he is the executor of the will of the people of this nation. he carries upon his shoulders day and night a burden that always seems at least to him too much to carry, but only for him to carry. >> the transfer of presidential power is at best a very difficult procedure. historian henry graff has referred to it as the stirring right of political renewal. in the forward to a book on chief executives which was published in 1966 president johnson wrote, "each of our presidents owes something to his predecessors. they share much with one another yet each is different in himself. together, they reflect and renew the great diversity that is the well spring of america's enduring vitality." ♪ >> during the early days of the month, president johnson held a continuing dialogue with his fiscal advisers on the progress of the budget report. as the official balance sheet of the nation's business, it held the key to the content and final delivery dates of the economic report and the state-of-the-union address. pres. johnson: the story of america on the road a

as a result, it spare the lives of some of the war criminals from the battle of manila. that said, his grandson, i did a panel with him in september in san francisco, and they have a foundation. he goes around and talks about the legacy of friendship. it sort of ended efforts to prosecute and hang and punish those were criminals from the battle of manila. as for the question of macarthur and the strategy, i am sure most people here are familiar with that strategy debate of whether to go back to the philippines or to go to taiwan, and, of course, macarthur makes the impassioned plea to fdr in hawaii. he made it based on -- when you really study the battle of manila, you see the point macarthur was trying to make, was that there was a moral reason for the united states to go back to the philippines. this was an american colony built in our image from the time of the spanish-american war up until world war ii, and we had a moral obligation to liberate them as soon as human it possible. if you like at it from that time. and -- look at it from the time period and that perspec

a durst of the kind of conservatism. it is not simply about politics although it does not exclude politics either. some of my remarks tonight will emphasize the degree to which russell cook was engaged in politics and ways that are easily overlooked. you will find that while too few people are unaware of russell kirk to begin with, some people who do have a sense of him they of him as a fuddy-duddy. a cloistered intellectual who had no for -- no friends or interaction with the outside world. someone who was disengaged from public life and lived in a swirl of the middle ages and endocrine is on. -- antiquarian is him. great understanding of politics and public policy. in the highest sense -- the ailosophical sense with deeper and wider historical understanding of philosophical understanding. kirkf the reasons russell is a figure of such compelling interest right now is because conservatism has become a? . where conservatives themselves are asking who are we? would we come from and was her genealogy and what principles do

poll found that sixty three percent of americans disapprove of crumbs handling of the issue but the controversy in virginia is a reminder of the democrats' poor record on race so that you get to know them to step down as quickly as possible but you know like all the southern states has a long history of democratic party racism just a few weeks ago the state's african-american lieutenant governor just in fairfax who would succeed governor northam if he does resign walked out of the state senate rather than preside over a tribute to confederate general robert e. lee. will briefly be at least. in twenty sixteen then democratic party presidential nominee hillary clinton had to apologize for statements like this that seem to defy black communities the kinds of kids in a concert. no conscience no empathy at the time then president bill clinton was signing legislation that led to record african-american incarceration and that's also an issue that's likely to hold true biden if he runs in twenty twenty not only does he take credit for such legislation he was against desegregation in the sev

could you give us a sense of the state of the navy today in light of all of this? you alluded very favorably to the new recruit classes. if i asked you what's the state of today's navy, how would you respond? >> i would say that we're in a good place. and so you alluded to the -- you mentioned the readiness problems in 2017. of course, that was probably most acutely highlighted by the collisions we had then. you know, i had a chance during this recent trip to go to seventh fleet, sit down with their leadership. and just as importantly, spent some time with just about every level of the fleet out there. so we had breakfast with a group of young sailors, spent about an hour and a half with them. had lunch with a number of the commanding officers on the waterfront. met with the chief petty officers. and so we really had a chance to get a great sense of, you know, what's going on out there. i'll tell you, the readiness and the rigor and everything has really kind of returned to seventh fleet and across the board. i had a chance to visit the sixth fleet as well and fift

but there was a kabuki theater aspect of that, too, because the whole vocabulary of the ship and -- of the shutdown was about whether not to appropriate money for the wall. like dirty little secrets, that was not actually the stakes in the shutdown, right? there was a fair degree of consensus that there should be additional money for border security. there's a fair degree of consensus that some degree of physical barrier, whether in the form of fencing or whatever, is a part of border security. there's no dispute between the major political figures about that. and yet we got really torn up to the point of shutting down the government for 35 days over this, and the state of the union politics got wrapped up in the period and i want to submit that there were actually two drivers behind that, neither of which really had very much to do with the wall. the first was simply the question of whether the president of the united states gets to make a deal and then reneged on it, change position, make additional demands, and congress has to sit still for that. and there was a very powerful inclin

to the last couple of states of the union under the control of presidents of both parties, i always tweet that i am not i do think the state of the union this year is a particularly interesting one despite my general distaste for it because whenever it takes place, it will take place against this backdrop of these two individuals who, you know, who have just locked horns having to engage one another in a polite, civilized, even warm -- the expectations of the forum of the state of the union address involves warmth and collegiality between the branches. president will have to give the speech with her sitting in back of him. and, the president will have to give this speech with her sitting in back of him. it is actually a dangerous political moment for him to have that is against this backdrop of contentiousness and confrontation. that is a pretty remarkable thing to have appens to, which it won't, or at some point in the near future which are probably will. molly: i'm actually going to turn to vanessa next, because she.knows a fair amount about the shutdown. i want to ask you a quest

i have to say, having spent a lot of time in other parts of -- world and in many of them many of them in a newly developing parts of the world, on this question, you are hard.ng upstream there are lots of people who are just coming into the kind of meat-eating phase and they like it. so it is not a slamdunk. the question is, what may change that? the meat industry is a good example of where there are levers. the industrialized agricultural system is in essence a way of using fossil fuel -- basically our agricultural system in the andican west, we plant corn pour oil over it, more or less. you know how industrialized agriculture works. one of its vulnerabilities is the reliance on the cheap energy. if we got, say, some of the things that, say the citizens climate lobby is talking about, it signals to the system would have profound effects. it would help in -- it would help move us towards a localized arboriculture, with more formers on the land, a good thing in many ways. -- localized agriculture. it was certainly get us away from the concentrated animal feeding operations, things that

malcolm x leaves the nation of islam and is forced out of the nation of islam because of political and ideological reasons. throughout the 1950's and 1960's, malcolm x is trying to turn what is a very conservative religious nationalist organization into a movement that is robust that directly participates in civil rights activism and that is overtly militant. elijah mohammed is going to cut his losses by taking malcolm x of the nation of islam. it's not because of the remark he makes about john f. kennedy. by 1964, and the last year of malcolm's life, he is going to visit africa two times. the first, from april to may 21, 1964 and the second, from july, to november. during these visits and trips to africa, malcolm x is going to be increasingly pan-african in his orientation. he will argue that there are 22 million black americans in the united states who are not first class citizens and african leaders have to recognize that fact or else the revolutions that they are participating in africa become hypocritical. the pan-african framework or paradigm that malcolm articulates in 1964 is g

but in the world up to all of this i went on the streets of tehran for a couple of days talking to a lot of people to try and send the mood on the street. fighter . mohammed raise a tight sheik is one of iran's many revolutionaries he reflects on life changing events forty years ago with the style during pride. well before. khomeini took power the hem of the razor defected from the shazam e joining the revolution. he went on to fight in the iran iraq war of the nineteen eighties hundreds of thousands were killed and maimed among them mohammed raises younger brother hammy that reza. aswell as you know our belief in personal sacrifice for the revolution is for our spiritual leaders says we are the victorious ones because our enemies cannot put pressure on us militarily they are doing it economically and culturally. mohammad reza says he's against moderates in government and believes foreign influence is to blame for economic problems. outside in a city festooned with the colors of the islamic republic of iran many people now speak openly about economic hardship. but forty taxi driver a

there are in the depths of this depression where 25% of americans are out of work, so much of what is going on in united states in the mid-1930s is about economics, recovery, and i think that prevents americans from looking abroad as much as they might have. fdr's first term in 1933 to 1937 is so much about trying to lift the country out of the depression through the knee deal and foreign policy concerns are not the priority at that point. there are a few moments where americans do pay attention and even debate a proper response to germany. one of those moments is the question of whether they should go to the olympic games, whether we should send a team to the olympic games in berlin in the summer of 1936. americans debate this for a couple of months throughout 1935 you see this public opinion poll in 1935. worded a little confusion only, should america refuse to participate in the olympic games which are to be held in germany this coming year, we reproduce these polls exactly as they were asked at the time and here you see a 3% of americans saying we should refuse to participate, in

of honor aside equally ancient of veterans of the union. an african-american -- american eyewitness saw cruelty in the fact that such jim crow is him of the grossest sort had been shown by the hypocrites of this great nation. on a day devoted to lincoln. you don't see any of this in the coverage by the newspapers. it is only in the chicago defender and the newspapers published by the african-american press of the day. one decried the event under the headline lincoln harding james crowe and taft. finally, as everyone gathered, only one african-american was on the top step. booker t. washington's successor as principal of the tuskegee institute. reported as adely generous gesture, organizers invited him to represent a colored people and deliver a speech. since he was a person of color, he had to submit his speech in advance to the harding administration. this is what he wrote in the original. so long as anyone within our nation is denied the full protection of the law, what lincoln called his unfinished work remained unfinished still. the mem

one of the biggest areas of questions is what is the impact of this on dod as this committee we all know we fell way behind in readiness as a result of the iraq war in afghanistan war and the tempo the military had to go through. we began to catch up on that which is good. what impact does it have to send several thousand troops down to the southern border, it interrupts training and their time and how is that impacting it and also, to my knowledge, we don't have a figure for what this is cost the pentagon yet. we want those details. another big piece of this is the reason active in guard reserve was there in the first place was because there was a perceived crisis at the border. there really isn't that much evidence of that crisis. that is not to say the border security is not a challenge. speaking for myself and i believe for all people on this committee we believe border security is important in a challenge and something we have to figure out how to get right. other committees are supposed to handle it but we acknowledge its importance in the role the military will play in helping it.

of many in iraq say the departure of u.s. troops from the country in two thousand and eleven was one of the reasons why isis spread so fast. anger and scorn was polled on iraq's army which fled mosul without a fight about the billions of dollars of american supplied weapons to eisele two thousand and fourteen. the shia led coalition in iraq's parliament has determined that u.s. troops must soon leave iraq it's renewed strengths to put forward a bill that if voted into law would force all u.s. forces out and this shows the president trumps iran policy has potentially huge political and security ramifications for its neighbor that has already suffered decades of war started out as era more the iraq. and we're going to. head of the blows that's coming up. a half. a who. he has. thanks very much investigators have released their first report into the air crash that killed cardiff city footballer and millions and includes new images of the wreckage of the plane which was found thirteen days after a vanishing over the english chann

modern high tech advances in medicine and health are of course the result of many centuries of development and experimentation much of which took place in the islam that quote between the ninth of fourteenth centuries a golden age of saw it during this time scholars in the stomach world made huge contributions to medicine and created a body of knowledge that was tremendously important and influential all round the world for many hundreds of years. which is professor of theoretical physics but born in baghdad i'll be exploring states of the art biomedical science and the covering the contribution made to the field of the skull was the golden age. it was during the islamic golden age that medicine started to be treated as a true science with emphasis on empirical evidence and repeatable procedures during that time medical books are written that became standard texts throughout the world for many hundreds of years come here to the hum of hospital in bellhop to see how the ideas of the stillness in the medieval to stomach world compare to our. modern medicine. the hospital's neonatal unit deal

across much of europe we have a storm out here in the atlantic causing a lot of snow across parts of the u.k. but we're also seeing a lot of snow here in germany i want to take you specifically to cologne show the snow that has come across the city there not only in the city but also at the airport almost white out conditions at some points when the wind was strong enough and we did see a lot of kids lesions as well as delay unfortunately over the next few days we expect to see more snow across much of germany take a look to forecast map right here saturday more snow across the area from berlin all the way over here towards paris which could be seeing some snow the good news is for the u.k. the snow has ended by the time we get to saturday and things are going to be much better by the time we go through the rest of the weekend i'm fortunate to be seeing a lot more snow across much of the alps with that same system vienna you're going to see a mix as well down towards rome it is going to be a chilly day if you would some rain in your forecast here towards the northwestern part of afri

case of breach of that code they want a reform of electoral laws in the u.k. and these platforms such as facebook being forced to take down dissent from asian and harmful content as well as having to take to pay taxes in the u.k. and well now it has to be said that this committee before has previously been unhappy with not enough reaction and action from the u.k. government following their suggestions we'll have to wait and see if this time will be any different. a prominent french military officer who helped coordinate the fight against islamic state in syria could be set to face punishment after he published a startling critique of the u.s. led coalition's anti terror tactics here's our paris correspondent solid defense. damning criticism from a senior french military official this is the guy in charge of french artillery aiding could issue forces on the syrian a rocky border he's criticized the u.s. coalition tactics saying that it's actually putting civilians at risk the battle of hygiene was won at least on the ground but by refusing ground in gage meant

been following with of course a lot of concern in the recent evolution of the situation in venezuela there's been a number of initiatives by several groups of countries i've been in contact with the political news of all these initiatives but the u.n. secretary it is this idea it's not to be part of any of these groups in order to give credibility to war continued off of good offices to the parties. to be able with their requests to help find a political solution a defiant iran has written a letter to pope francis requesting a dialogue to help resolve the crisis i was calling on the military to step up against and thorough asking the army to allow humanitarian aid into the. what the self-proclaimed interim president chose the day that commemorates former president although chavez's nine hundred ninety two failed coup attempt to send an impassioned message to venezuela's armed forces he asked them to allow international humanitarian aid into the country in. the moment is now patriotic soldier captain colonel navy officer general the moment is now if you have any doubts ask your famili

of 2007 through january of 2011. i mean for 50 years, he and his father had wanted some kind of universal healthcare and he was thrilled that he was going to get to chair that into being. my understanding was the speaker of the house, now speaker again, wanted to things out of his committee. they one of the universal healthcare bill, obama care, and cap and trade and he made the public statement because that jacks up the cost of energy like you have been talking about. as you know, the people that are impacted, it isn't the rich. they can afford it. so he made the statement that cap and trade bill is not only a tax, it is a great big tax and of course, the nation's poor are the ones that would be most impacted. because of his comment, he was fired as chairman of the energy and commerce committee. mr. waxman was made chairman and as he famously said, we not only don't want your input, we do not need were votes and so he pushed it through. it never became law. as you testified, that does come back to mind. i had an 80-

would then be able to call to all of all parties and sections of society and control every one of the state of emergency and also restructure his government you know wave that will basically the symbolize any coherent. networks that are actually trying to destabilize his government has the situ has the situation for him gone beyond the point where it can be salvaged because he says he's speaking to the opposition he's saying that he's willing to address the economic grievances in the concerns of the people who are out there protesting so it is that mean is it will that go some way to pacifying those that have been demonstrating against him this is a very popular question because at the moment are demonstrating this have basically said we don't want to hear any excuses you want to hear anything from the presidency we just want our shit to be sorry so asked whether they will actually listen or buy into this latest speech we don't know what we know actually is that he's going to try to deceive the media is he try and suppress everyone in court everyone to all of that but then exactly how

kind of. move saudi arabia's economy from various state status based shoe of much more diverse and vibrant private economies so for example they wanted to sell parts of the airlines of of different national companies and it really almost seems like the reverse is happening that the state is actually more involved in the economy as opposed to less involved and that i think is probably not a good sign for developing a diverse and vibrant private economy but at the same time there are ships in whole troll and social expectations that have to occur in saudi arabia and so those changes i think a setting a year of twenty thirty years probably very. ambitious i think the saudis realize it's time has come that they must change the way they run the economy really the business over was what happened in. iraq look what happened when i rare were put up or were libya it's not too far fetched to think. that that can happen with saudi arabia. will someday. but. i wanted. to have adam he couldn't tell you abo

a recognition of the needs of some of these families. last time i give you some cartoons to go along with this. these are from thomas nast in the 1870's. worked on protecting black families from violence. the cartoons give you a sense of how that was portrayed in the north. these are by thomas nast, i far the most famous cartoonist of the era. he mostly did his work for harpers weekly, a very popular -- it is in the library, you can pull it off the shelf. they are great. he was the guy who invented the elephant for the republicans and the democrats -- and the donkey for the democrats. he invented the modern santa claus and things of that sort appeared he was a very influential cartoonist. two examples of how the struggles of reconstruction were represented in harpers weekly. the one at the top is called and het on a monument," is showing an african-american man who has witnessed the murder of his wife and child. there is a lot of very tiny writing. if you want to block the original copy to a large size you can see what it says. basically

of millions of dollars. there were two investigations. senator mccain and i introduced the surface warfare and enhancement act asking that many of the recommendations of the investigations be implemented and this led to inclusion of most of our legislation in the fy 19 in d.a. are we on track to fully implement the surface warfare act? in the reviews the customers concern where the demand for naval power was being far outstripped -- was for outstripping the supply of ships and submarines. that was what led to these collisions and tragedies. but the stay of that imbalance today, and what do you need compared to what you have now? >> thank you, senator. i have been quite pleased with the progress that the navies have made on the recommendations i made. i'll be watching the 20 budget when it comes together. there are a couple of items in their investment schoolhouses that i want to make sure are followed through on. i'm quite confident in the approach to the out tempo. we had a good fortune to be able to reliev

of all americans.my: in u.s. history, trump did not mention the longest government shutdown in u.s. history, which even delayed his speech by a week. she maderams did as history as the first african-american woman to give the democratic response. >> the shuhutdown was a stunt engineered by the president of the united states one that on fairnessthing and not just our people but our values. amy: we will hit -- air andlights from the speeches speak to a democratic congresswoman of minnesota who recently became one of the first congresswomen, a somalian refugee, she became the first member of congress to wear a hijab. we will also be joined by -- by ana maria archila who protested the nomination of supreme court justice brett kavanaugh. she attend the state of the union as a guest of alexandria ocasio-cortez. all that and more coming up. ♪ welcome to democracy now, democracynow.org, the war and peace report. i'm amy goodman. president trump delivered the state of the union address from the house chamber tu

was that of a thumb of percent. i was growing at tempe think this year it will grow around two percent at least have which one hold the rate but what continues to unveil it so that these growth is not inclusive so the mardy rich are getting richer the more did poor get poorer which is actually a paradox in the land of plenty really and what you'll have to happen really for nigeria at this point in time is deemed best he needs the youth in it's young people which is the next i am focused when we have thinking in terms of diversifying how i cannot how their countries are hedging we continue to have younger people but the biggest challenge is also confident in this young people is the quality of education and campania employment so we'll have to walk a lot on improving our not human development index these combatant corruption at all levels not just political corruption but illicit financial flows and also cover action that almost i remind you and is actually involved in the hideout vent that plea in that event tentati

of fact that out of his human and policies of the b.n. and united out of a mere it's just dispute has been developed we are ready to talk to everyone in duration even so they are below units there are mere is all other parties and we believe eventually that he's defining a solution for developing peace and security and duration outof intervention of foreign countries if you sit together and talk to show there for the benefit of the region i believe something with the come out of it dr haraszti you were foreign minister under a president mohammad khatami of course who was in a supported by a political faction known as the iranian reformists now his vision called for more freedom called for more democracy yet today iran is ranking one hundred sixty four out of one hundred eighty that's according to reporters without borders on the world press freedom index and there are twenty eighteen reports and they say that the state controls news it controls information it's been relentless in the past thirty nine years of its persecution of independen

all of that all symbolic kind of acts so this may be the first action of removing some of these that are complicit in covering up sexual abuse there's an uneasy calm in the haitian capital after days of violent protests thousands of demonstrators have been demanding president john elway's resign he's been accused of failing to address soaring inflation and alleged mistress of funds in iraq has more from autocrats. we're in port au prince where there is a sense of calm that's returning to different parts of the city as you can see people are out and about there's vendors out on the streets selling different products this doesn't mean that tensions are gone this doesn't mean that the discontent is over there are still pockets of unrest in the city where demonstrators continue to call on the resignation of the haitian president for those who have the means some have begun leaving the country for those who don't the discontent continues they continue to voice their concerns their anger over widespread poverty over worsening living conditions and over the issue of corruption the united st

part of the last hour of policy when this is it was somewhat of the followers of the sacred. difference who. after independence this street where the battle of algiers was fought was renamed. as a tribute to the old julian revolutionary. between two thousand and two thousand and seven there one million racist murders in different parts of germany but the police were painfully slow to track down the killer. al jazeera world reveals the truth about the deaths linked by a single weapon the involvement of the far right and the serious political fallout that ensued the cheska murders case solved on al-jazeera. hello it's still raining pretty hard in brazil and in fact few if you follow the satellite picture this shows are also concentrating in bolivia and peru where there's been a certain amount of damage as you might expect from landslides and local flooding now the rain is course is welcome but sometimes it feels a bit too heavy in the forecast is in the same sort of area cutting through reacts . but staying in brazil really just just briefly touching into paraguayan the next da

co-editor of the history section of the washington post. her research and teaching focuses on intersection between media, politics and popular culture, with an emphasis on the american presidency. her first book "showbiz, politics, hollywood and american political life" examines the institutionalization of entertainment styles and politicss in american with the rise of the celebrity presidency. certainly something current today. she is working on a book project, republic of entertainment: cable television and the transformation of american policy, which examines the cable industry from nixon to clinton. her paper today is called bill clinton and the mtv presidency. kathryn: thank you so much, robert, and the center for c-span scholarship and engagement, which was just launched last year at purdue. they are doing really exciting things in terms of using the c-span archives in classrooms and research and i'm excited about this panel because it does show why video is so important to understanding recent american history. i think it will make t

of 1879. before, some of you have heard me make this claim, the most important decision taken anywhere in the world in the 0th century was the decision about where to locate the princeton graduate school. university,t of the woodrow wilson wanted it down on the main campus, his nemesis, wanted it where it is. overlooking the campus and graduate course. est having won, mr. wilson having one of his experiences, ic resigned, and went into politics century.th woodrow y a bit, but wilson, two years after leaving princeton's presidency, became president of the united states, first president to criticize the american founding, marginally.d not do he did it root and branch. he said that the great sin of founders was the separation of powers, which made government inefficient. well once, he thought, when we were a country people, to four million 80% of them living within 20 miles of atlantic tidewater. it was fine to have a cumbersome government. but, he said, now that we're a copper wires by and steel

of order. >> he made full use of -- >> the gentleman will say despite of order. >> my point of order by the very statement is that it's outside the scope of the deferment of justice. >> it is not. you need me to finish my question. >> the gentle lady will suspend. that is not a valid point of order. the gentle lady will continue. >> thank you. >> mr. chairman, i would like a point of order. the question is outside the scope of -- >> the gentle lady has the floor. >> are you going to overrun a point of order? >> yeah, because your point of order -- >> my point of order -- >> the gentle lady will suspend. i ruled that it was not a valid point of order, and the gentle lady has the floor. the gentle lady will continue. >> i was not through with my point of order. >> the dental lady will continu continue. >> the ruling of the chair. >> i moved to table. >> motion to table the appeal of the ruling of the chair is before the committee. motion to table is not debatabl debatable. the clerk will call the roll. one moment where we set up the clerk. >> mr. chairman, may i make a unanimous consen

of kamala harris not being one of us so to speak.ican and jamaicans experienced slavery. as a matter of fact if you happen to be black wherever you come from in this world you have experienced oppression. and racism wherever you are has been a fundamental aspect of that oppression. that is the commonality we have and you are a graduate of howard university and your friend talks about when you walk onto that campus and you see the wide variety of black people from all over the world on that campus, it increases your understanding of the nature of the oppression we have all experienced and the realization that in order for us to emerge from that oppression that we have to work together. i would like to hear your take on the kamala harris issue. >> to that point really quickly my first week at howard a black person from alaska and a black person from hawaii, my concept of what was black was different. the complexity of this, we try to avoid complexity, we want the simple narrative but it is not simple. i have a good friend who is africa

so it really has all of the texture and life of the people of this state. there is one thing that came out of that disney like toat folks did not embrace. the song says "you think you land on whatever land you land on." that is true. people will say this land has been in my family since 1634. and yet your name is on it. so, all the sudden, they had a license to steal the land and we convene to the legislature. title -- the land title ownership. that became popular. there was no title transfer. the land was taken. there are lots of things you can take out of that movie and ponder, and when you talk about -- [laughter] adkins: when you say it was founded on christian principles, you can debunk of that myth. you have my permission to do that. [laughter] rev. stone: it's not only within .he usa it can be a basis for international cooperation, encouraging young people, certainly in england and here, to talk to one another and share things around that story, and to be able to take that forward. >> as you spoke about that, so many young people that are non-native

of malaria. 400,000 cases of malaria.the governments in the region allows we've got to get into the system and i would go further than that. the fact that this dte type arrangement exists in venezuela and now exists in north korea and one other country where they have a contract they're putting in the republic of iran. this represents a new challenge to democracies. on the system from the perception who want authoritarian rule is to break the back of parliaments to do away with the balance of power, do away with powers and the court through the executive branch. that's what happened in venezuela. that's why historically it so important that the people are all now standing up in the national assembly saying this is the action were going to take. democratic countries around the world have to support this and we supported in a bipartisan way. >> thank you, chairman for your leadership on the issue, especially the bipartisan leadership. ambassador, i want to move back to you. the u.k., france, spain, germany has a deadline la

of that.nd then we also know that technology is rushing at us and the nature of war, and other types of systems we're going to have to counter are going to be different. when you combine all those together and you say you can do it for less than what you are operating on now, that just doesn't make sense. forhat there is an need growth, and as eric said, if you wanted to throw an exact number, it would be hard to hit, but the fact remains that the percentage of growth, 3% to 5%, whether you want to talk about a floor, $733 billion, to us that seemed like a reasonable starting point, and one that is going to be required to modernize both the conventional and nuclear, to dig ole of the readiness h that we are in, and then to bring the technology forward in effective ways. come ate idea of how we some of the challenges eric mentioned the gray zone, very it is to have the department of defense do it. the phrase of that comes to mind for those were old enough -- let mikey do it. that's kind of the

in the middle of one of these hot sports. fueled entirely by the energy from the ground the geothermal power generated here provides more than enough energy. capital city of mecca a bit so we're right on the edge of a volcanic area around me how important is for the fight. located here if it weren't for the world came across where the world came to is that's where we have. electricity. as a chemical engineer. and if you give us a little rust. she took us to the top of the bowl canaanite to get a closeup view to station. this is the geothermal version of an oil rig. off the floor office more than two hundred degrees. so it will be. three hundred degrees. and so. across from the ground. yeah basically with their limbs or crux of the ground rhetoric. war third or you know just regular work that's circulating through. our congress bringing up things that we can really imagine what very real life yeah yeah i mean it's much more than that this is just you know a couple guys for. us is incredible but what's happening here is actuall

output of. the stories we don't often hear told by the people who live them mothers of ring could be this is europe on al-jazeera. the bowl. the ball. faceoff in venezuela opposition activists confront border troops as a showdown looms are getting in foreign aid. also coming up a scramble to vote nigerians explosions in the must delayed presidential election. angering the president declares a yearlong state of emergency after months of anti-government protests. concerns over the plight of china's we get muslim minority the saudi crown prince but beijing's right to fight against so-called extremism. we begin of the crisis in venezuela of a foreign aid these the live pictures of the trucks in the border town of colombia carrying supplies from the u.s. and due to set off across the border into venezuela opposition leader has called on the people to help with a transfer of aid into the country is due to speak shortly you know riot police in venezuela firing tear gas and opposition protesters near th

part of the challenge with this is that the deal, the kind of fundamental bargain of these insurance contracts is you give a discount in exchange for volume. we happened to have a hospital that is very full right now, and if we were to kind of enter into that standard bargain, we would be, again, providing a windfall to the private insurance without a benefit that supports our patients or our hospital, and we are also working with our state partners. that includes our state associations, but also our legislative delegation to try to determine whether there are changes to state law that we could pursue and advocate for through the city that would improve the patient situation in the financial world of health care. so that is a lot. our next steps are that we are going to the board of supervisors on thursday to have a similar conversation about some of the kind of categories of approaches that we're taking in response to this challenge, and we hope to get feedback there, as well, and then we will similarly, as we develop full recommendations and share those with you, bring those to the

of force as a potential means of achieving unification of taiwan. what more can we do to try to get -- to try to overcome this attitude that is out there and is having an adverse effect on our allies. any thoughts on that? >> in the operational space one of the things we have been able to do in the last five months senator is to get our allies and partners to join us in the south china sea. all of their operations are defined as freedom of navigation operations as we would define them. at their willingness to sail independently in their, to work with us on exercises, demonstrates the international commitment to maintaining the freedom of those season airways. i think it's critically important to messaging china that it's not just the u.s. that is concerned about the freedom of the south china seas but all nations. i expect allies and partners to continue to help here in the months ahead both with combined operations that we will be executing as well as individual operations as well. one of the other factors that we are working on in the diplomatic s

part of the last hour of policy when and this is it was somewhat of the thought of the sacred. missions. after independence this street where the battle of algiers was fought was renamed. as a tribute to the old julian revolutionary. between two thousand and two thousand and seven there one million racist murders in different parts of germany but the police were painfully slow to track down the killer. al jazeera world reveals the truth about the deaths linked by a single weapon. the involvement of the far right and the serious political fallout that ensued the cheska murders case solved on al-jazeera. hello there we're seeing quite a few showers a bit the northern possible strain but not as many as we should be seeing at this time of year with the monsoon with this at the moment but it really is quite subdued just a couple of more isolated showers dotted about and that's what we're expecting over the next few days have nothing to intense here in between the showers that should be some good spells of sunshine to the south and is really quite warm down in the southeast adelaide

this point of him going to not come to my camp because of him of and for gold. oh my gosh it could be all of that of and. you know close to the feel. good like it was all my. and no one ever did it did a cool shabu dean honey bonamassa and. i think i'm the perfect example of somebody who preferred not to. deal with this stuff and it's only because the kids forced me to like we did for you could they force feed back by their activities by their saying this is important this makes a difference you know it's the old where were you when something was happening you know stand up and be counted the better my father the political commercial killing . because i was really believe often now officially in the prenup police didn't object. to so good to me. but going to him and seeing. all this it. with the ship being shipped over going to the ocean i. will eat. meat. first choosing my side. this one. more. mushroom. some shit should be about the about money yeah i mean for the bin. me or. my. i have to say i'm not a big demonstration person whenever my children get arreste

in the eastern parts of south africa this is giving some of the some heavy rain a lot of rumbles of thunder as well and it's working its way eastwards durban is looking what for monday. the world's largest oil company fails to become public want to happen. all the kingdoms of the company inseparable here the world's largest oil producer and you don't list in the world's largest stock exchange that definitely says something al-jazeera investigates the politics of oil the middle east most come to an economic when. saudi arabs the company in the states on al-jazeera. it's. with every. welcome back you're watching the news hour on al-jazeera a reminder of our top stories u.s. president donald trump has told a u.s. t.v. network that sending the military to venezuela is an option he's also said he's turned down a meeting with venezuela's embattled president nicolas maduro in while russia says the international community should reach frayne from destructive interference in venezuela's crisis yemen's warring sides have been holding talks aboard a united nations boat in the red sea in an att

sense of of mark acknowledging throughout his description of his career how he'd been able to sort of fit in with what he called the tele tripe all of these forces together had been sort of pivotal in what he said was a sort of following wind heard frank his entire career trajectory he did well. very well he was if it was this guy i would have to say not work better or a better say that. but if you were going to broaden this out in a second break. you allege that that shows that there's a huge bias towards elite privilege in this country to which of course the immediate thing we're going to cover of course is people saying oh but what about those individuals that come from working class backgrounds or do really well they prove that there is no class ceiling anyone if they work hard enough and i know they're going to get divert they can make it yeah i mean i think i mean it's important to say from the off that of course many people do from working class backgrounds get to the very top but i suppose that's why in a way what we want to start by doing this we find a robust evidence base a

all the members of the house of commons would march over to the house of lords. it just was too regal as far as jefferson -- jefferson was a small r republican and he really believed in more limited government. he was trying to cut down essentially the imperial presidency of george washington and john adams. jefferson also had big ajorities in both the senate and house and so he could get his way without having to go up and give a speech. he also just didn't like public speaking. he set the practice, then, of sending out the message. the messages got longer and longer and longer. they were just -- they were a long laundry list of what a president would like congress to do in the current year. the recent speeches -- because they were delivered orally, have been cut down considerably. then usually the presidents will send up a sort of augmented many with all the detail they didn't say while they were in the chamber. greta: president trump is delivering this address in what some have described times of turmoil. there is a special counsel investigation, the governmen

the muscles of the face and then goes on to talk about the muscles of the forward the muscles of the eyeball even the muscles of the. heathen works his way through the entire human anatomy in other texts he describes surgery he describes illnesses and treatments it's medical knowledge as they understood it then it contained a lot of. superstition but a lot of common sense as well the point is this text was so important it was still being used around the world over five hundred years later. even though today we know that not everything had been seen or wrote was correct his work was the pinnacle of medical knowledge at that time in his canon he includes a large number of medicines and remedies that use common had. during the golden age herbal remedies weren't an alternative to mainstream medicine they were all very new and as the empire grew travelers will bring back new plots from far and wide so new drugs were discovered and administered rema hazmat is based in our june in jordan she cultivates medicinal herds some of which have been in use since the golden age. live and is good for

of why. this is such a sensitive region. when it comes particularly to tensions between india and pakistan. and that goes back to the creation of india and pakistan from colonial colonial india when the u.k. was out india as their colony. became police officially not part of either country and then you know two out of three wars that india has fought have been over kashmir as well because it originally had a hindu ruler but a majority muslim population this has led to contention that should have belonged to india should belong to pakistan was it rightful for the maharaja to sign it over to india or was it rightful because the population majority muslim it should go to baucus tan but it's been a really contentious issue which is why the region is divided now baucus on has tried to get third parties involved even the united nations try to sell the dispute but india has always said no to that they said no to every third party they say this is strictly a bilateral issue between them and pakistan

of the twenty fifth of january of the thirtieth of june. it is impossible to tamper with this moral principle other wars we will end up without morals and will fail to preserve the principles we have all agreed in this constitution. doctors teachers and lawyers have joined antigovernment protests in sudan after two men were killed in custody the sudanese professional association called for the demonstrations of the teacher care who was arrested in the eastern state of was pronounced dead on sunday his relatives say his body showed signs of torture the unrest incident began in december with protesters demanding president obama step down and end his thirty year rule. and the sudanese president omar bashir is hosting a ceremony marking the end of peace talks between rival factions from central african republic a deal between the government and fourteen armed groups was reached on sunday in khartoum after two weeks of un led negotiations the formal agreement will be signed in rome a wednesday and represents a rare hope for one of the world's po

my grandfather is one of four recipients of the middle of honor at care what -- tarawa. they all received the same endorsement, it went straight up through the line, chester nimitz, to washington, and when it popped out the other side of the navy decorations board, in may of 1944, my grandfather had been awarded the navy cross. recommending -- survived washo also recommended for the navy cross. one was awarded the medal of honor in lieu of the navy cross, my grandfather was awarded the medal of honor in lieu of the navy cross. it was a big mystery. i did my utmost to find out why it went down that way, and i like to think i have made a as to how andcase why it went down that way. all metals are political, somebody told me that -- all medals or political, somebody told me that. and the higher the medal, the more political. >> if there are more questions, please raise your hands. i did google the citation, it is awe-inspiring but too long to read. check out the congressional medal of honor website. it is remarkable. >> the citation is given very early on in the book, which

empire the trial of el chapo as he's better known was packed with tales of grisly killings political payoffs and labrat trafficking schemes let's go live now to gabriel elizondo in new york gabe off to such a long trial what was it like in the courtroom when the verdicts were read out. well it's really an electric atmosphere in a lot of ways very tense chapo guzman the man that is known as one of the big world's biggest drug traffickers and who skate from prison twice in mexico and was one of the world's biggest fugitives stepped into the courtroom wearing a black suit and tie and a gray shirt and when the verdict was read and nischelle he looked shocked but that quickly gave way to him almost looking somewhat relieved as he stood up from the table he flashed two thumbs up signs to his beauty queen wife that was in the audience who had been there for their out the entire trial and then he was quickly ushered out of the courtroom by security personnel this will be the last time anyone ever sees el chapo in public or out in public in a courtroom anyway because he'll be going to jail fo

in terms of the landscape, china, russia and iran of been act of. but, generally speaking in terms of cider security issues, we do see more blended operations, proxies, cutouts and things like that. that is on the international landscape. it's just getting more complex in a blended environment. >> i believe that it's a misnomer to think that the states, mostly the local election officials running the elections but it's usually one or two individuals, not large counties that basically are targeted. they are driving the school bus and doing payroll and nine other things so, they are targeted and so we try to offer and go out to the states and offer training as it managers and election officials, because they're not always able to come to dc to get that sort of training. >> the chair now recognizes the gentleman from california . >> tank you come mister chairman. first let me a congratulation on your chairmanship and thank you for holding this most important hearing on democratic institutions and are voting system. the integrity of our votes goes to th