have a great lineup at harvard bookstore events over the next couple of months, which includes alan lightman, some of the powers and new york times vessel he hoffman. more details and information on the upcoming events, please visit our calendar at harvard.com/event and sign up for weekly e-mails. we are very pleased to have c-span book to be to us here today. when asking q&a please know you'll be recorded and wait a moment for the microphone to come to you before asking questions. after tonight q&a we will have a book signing at this table. copies for sale at the register in the next room. i would like to take a moment to say thank you, today is the first day you can get the copy of the book. congratulations. and finally. [applause] please silence your cell phones for the talk. knowing very pleased to introduce tonight speakers, duncan white is a history and literature professor in the assistant director of studies for the modern world at harvard university. his previous book, heico edited call transitional. it is brought into the to daily telegraph road he's a historian of the soviet union