white or seen as white or can be mistaken for white if they don't know more about you.nclude to that, the process for those people is very different thousand those who are just white. it's complicated. i did an event in washington d.c., i remember. washington d.c. and i talked about this and after the talk, a palestinian woman came to talk to me afterward and she said i'm glad you said that because myself and my family have been pretty much doing that, passing as white. we can get away with it, then we will do it. that's easier than having to deal with being seen as palestinian but what it meant is we have to sacrifice parts of ourselves, we had to subdue part of our culture and heritage in order to fit into this whiteness. for people who fit into that, who have white privilege but are not white, it's complex and it's not because you have to look at how have i had unconscious racist thoughts and belief and harm other people's color? how if i been -- however i been on the receiving end of racism? and cannot address it? allowed it to happen in order to continue to receive

: white supremacy, white supremacy comes from the root belief that people who are white are superior and deserve to dominate those people. and genocide, land theft. that happened before, it doesn't happen anymore. white centering is very -- when i talked at the beginning about why is it in the space i was in, life coaching, white centering played a huge part in this. a huge idea, i remember a conversation i had once. to mainly interview and the question i got once from a white woman, it was mainly people of color being interviewed, when i see the majority, is this podcast for me? if something is presented by white people it applies universally but if it is to people of color it is only for those people. another example, in a book evens, when you watch movies, i walked through two lenses. i'm watching the store but also what is going on racially. and body counts. if it doesn't matter if it is a romantic story or not, there is a romance line, if in a story, one of the romantic partners is a person of color, the other person will not be a person of color unless it is seen as a black mov

included what is today's lafayette park, the white house white house grounds, and more. it remains ground today with monuments, parks, and the potomac in the distance. presidents continue to make their mark on the landscape throughout the history of the white house. many presidents have taken a personal interest in the landscape as if it were their own backyard. some presidents approach regarding the grounds -- gardens and grounds with unique skill. jimmy carter had an engineering background, which he used to design a treehouse for 10-year-old amy in 1977. the national park service built it to present cartons -- president carter's specifications on the southwest long. it was freestanding so there was no impact on the cedar. later in the carter administration, the park service had determined a maintenance structure near the tennis court had to be demolished. it was originally a pony shed for the kennedy children's pony macaroni. it was no longer usable. the replacement rolling would require the removal of a tree that was not historically significant. president carter aske

s that's are do the white house?s are done in the white house? are done in the white house? >> there has been a green house on the roof level. and in that green house there have been different types of plants. sometimes they have been roses and other plants that were used for cuttings. there also was some bonsai up there for a while. i'm not sure it's still there. but for many years it was just a small green house up there for family use. >> firstly, i just want to say, going back to the tour, if you take the tour in october, on the tour, you do line up to see the obama garden, sounds like a wonderful time. i want to go back to the students of the university of virginia, is there a solid record of the design drawings? or some archive available that one could see? >> at the national park foundation. >> you can apply to get a copy of that? >> yep. >> okay. thank you. >> can you tell us about some of the older trees of note on the grounds besides the jackson magnolia. >> sure. well, as jonathan talked about earlier, i think the most special one is the one planted by mrs. clevel

now, being a white house historian, the story of the white house does not end in 1820, it continues and changes and evolves. all of a sudden, you find yourself using all of your knowledge of american history and starting to connect the dots. in terms of major changes in american society or demographic or economic changes. you can see these things unfolding at the white house. so, it is one of those things where you do not really learn the depths of the history until you get into the job, then you realize how incredibly complicated and complex it actually is. >> what is your story, how did you get to the association? >> we were both at mount vernon as follows. we were there for an extended period of time. i was working on my dissertation on washington, a different aspect. we stayed friends and touched base occasionally about what we were up to. i had a postdoctoral fellowship at the presidential history in dallas. that was coming to an end. they happened to have an opening. matt called me and said hey, we have this position coming up, would you like to apply? i said sure. it all worked o

and around the gardens of the white house. we will hear from dr. susan, programs manager for the u.s. botanic garden, jim adams, horticultural manager from the united states botanic garden, and jim mcdaniel, board of directors, like our previous panel, we will hear three short presentations and then our panelists will have a short conversation moderated by dr. chapelle. please join me in welcoming our speakers. [applause] >> thank you, it is an honor to be here today to speak with you about white house gardens. both of our other panelist our named jim and both worked on white house gardens. at the end am going to let you ask questions. we are the last panel of the day and we will finish the discussion by talking about gardens that have been established and modified since the kennedy administration. so from the johnson administration on. in many different ways, the white house gardens have been inspired and used. the start out by talking about garden trends and movements that have inspired and influenced the development of the

they met in the white house library and if you know the white house it's the room on the second floor that's shaped like an oval and it faces the washington monument, and so she's given permission to go into this room an hour before her meeting with lincoln and set it up, and she's an artist and she wants it to look just right and then she meets with lincoln and they have this very touching conversation and she brings her minister with her. he talks to lincoln about how grateful he is. she then gives these very emotional words and lincoln responds and he's choking up in the conversation and then they go on their way. when i first encountered this story, and i thought this is a really touching story, but then i wanted to try to write the book in a way that will really capture the scene. so i wanted to find out what does the library look like? i started to do research trying to find newspaper accounts of what it looked like and the more i read was that the white house library was part of lincoln's private family space. public visitors were not permitted to go in there and that's where h

miles to the white house. the guards don't want to let her in. she pleads with them not to let her go, they let her in and some people do stop her. she eventually gets up to the white house and is pleading to see lincoln. the guards will let her any further and then lincoln comes down and she says -- my husband is a soldier in the union army and i haven't gotten his pay for months and i have these kids, we are starving, i need help. lincoln says to come back tomorrow and we will work out the paperwork and she comes back the next day and lincoln is of course shot that night. she findsomes back, the situation on the ground has completely changed and now she is not going to get the help that she needs. one of the fruits will said to be sure to14th is -- get her children and education. so, she then pledges in that moment that she will do what lincoln said to do and make sure that her kids get educated. the story that survives, the earliest account i have found is from 1901, so it is questionable in terms of its cr

at the white house. unfortunately, not all of these trees have survived. but here are two that have. in 1996, bill and hillary clinton planted a flowering dogwood in honor of the victims of the oklahoma city bombing. the oldest tree with a proven presidential association is this beautiful rust colored japanese maple planted by first lady francis cleveland on the far south grounds in 1893. the same year the grounds were closed to the public. and the most recent tree was also planted about i a first lady n this case, milania trump who in august 2018 planted a sapling from an oak tree planted by president eisenhower on the white house grounds in the 1950s. so other than trees, what else grew on the grounds? well, up until about a decade ago, first lady michelle obama installed the current white house vegetable garden, fresh produce probably yo not have been the first thing that came to people's minds. and that's because prior to 2009, there would be no serious cultivation of fruits or vegetable tez white ho

but now, being a white house historian, the story of the white house doesn't end in 1820, it continues and changes and evolves and all of a sudden now you find yourself using all of your knowledge of american history and starting to connect the dots, you know, in terms of major changes in american society or demographic or economic changes. you can see these things sort of unfolding at the white house, too. so it's one of those things where you don't really learn the depth of the history until you actually get into the job and then you realize how incredibly complicated and complex it actually is. >> what is your story? how did you get to the association? >> so i actually met matt, we were both at mount vernon as fellows and we were there for an extended period of time and i was working on my dissertation, which is also on washington but on a different aspect. and we stayed friends and communicated and touched base occasionally about what we were up to. and then i had a postdoctoral flip in dallas at smu and that was coming to an end and they happened to have an opening and matt called

the book white people, white people but a keepsake people with white privilege.because you can be a person of color or biracial or multiracial and pass as what or is seen as white or can be mistaken for white if they don't know more about you. but i include a kind of asterisk to that, if you fit in there, because the process for this people is very different to those who are just white. it's complicated. i had, i did an event in washington, d.c. i remember. washington, d.c., and i talked about this and after the talk a palestinian woman came to talk to me afterwards that she said i'm really glad you said that because myself and my family have been pretty much doing that passing as white and what we can get away with it we will do it. because that's easier than having to do with being seen as palestinian. of what it is meant is we had to sacrifice parts of our self. we had to subdue parts of our culture and our heritage in order to fit into this box of whiteness. and so for people who fit into that come who have white privilege but are not white, it's complex and

the mayor, the white mayor, the white police chief, white federal commissioner and several white lawyers were marched at gunpoint to the train station,, put on the trinkets that don't come back, we will kill you. and not one of them ever came back. the main weapon or one of the main weapons for the white supremacy campaign was a fake news campaign led by none other than josephus daniels who planted phony stories in the news observer about blacks who would fight whites to attack them. and for the nearly 25% of white voters who were illiterate, daniels hired a cartoonist to draw race baiting cartoons. i'd like to read a brief passage in the book about the propaganda campaign. .. david: it was a campaign of the era. the most sensational stories but they another democrat takes claiming as a native of the south, daniel understood implicitly the insecurities of white southern males. already emasculated by union troops have occupied the tables, they were further shamed the blackman were elevated into more equality. a black man who would hold public office was a man who might by their logic, bec

the mayor, the white mayor, the white police chief, the white federal commission and several white lawyers were marched at gunpoint the day of the coup to the train station, put on the train and said don't come back, we will kill you. i'm not one of them ever came back. the main weapon or one of the main weapons for the white supremacy campaign was a fake news campaign led by none other than josephus daniels who planted phony stories in the observer about blacks who would fight whites who attacked them. and for the nearly 25% of white voters who were literate, daniel hired a cartoonist to draw race baiting cartoons. i'd like to read a brief passage in the book about the propaganda campaign. more than a century before sophisticated fake news attacks targeted social media websites, daniels manipulation of white readers through phone or misleading newspaper stories was perhaps the most daring and effective disinformation campaign of the era. the most sensational stories focus on what daniels and other democrats claimed was the black east rape is the estimate of the south dangers understood im

the white house itself stands as the center piece of a grand 18.7 acre site, which we know as the white house grounds. having been established in 1790 the white house grounds in fact constitute the oldest continually maintained landscape in the nation. the grounds are older than the mansion itself, and george washington is rather famously the only president to have never lived in the white house. but every single u.s. president including washington has walked upon the grounds. this is what the grounds look like today. with sloping lawns and groves of grand trees. that said, this is definitely not what the grounds looked like in 1790. for one thing the south grounds originally stopped here basically where this road way is. and it stopped there for about the first 8 decades of the grounds existence. the far south grounds were not added until 1872 under president grant. and the southerly addition was to compensate for the loss of land eaten about by the expansion of the executive offices. so as i was saying the white house grounds did not always look quite as nice as they do today. in the

white centering is this idea that if something is presented by white people through white people it applies universally but if it's through people ofcolor, it's only for those people . right, another example i was giving recently in a book event was when you watch movies i watch soda through 2 lenses. i'm watching the story but i'm also watching what's going on racially and i'm not just looking for do they have a certain number of people of color, a body count but how close are those people of color to the role of the protagonist and i said something i've noticed it's interesting is if in a story and it doesn't matter if it's a romantic story or not but there's a romance line, if in a story one of the romantic partners is a personof color , the other person will not be a person of color unless it's seen as a black movie. right? unless it's seen as a black movie and the audience is black people but most of the time it's that those romantic partners are white and that's supposed to be a universal story of love that we can all relate to. [laughter] right, so that's what white centering can loo

rubenstein white house history. it's a privilege to be here and see all the pieces come together and it's a truly privilege to

the white house grounds have been a place for reflection and also of the people who lived in the white house and of the american people and their creativity. the landscape used by the first family and enjoyed by the public, maybe not today to the extent it was in this picture here, in 1927. you can see people are running amuck, i would say, on the grounds there. still today, the grounds host many public events including tours and the easter egg roll we heard about earlier today. so i'm going to introduce jim adams to talk to you about the white house kitchen garden. >> thank you very much, susan. all right. that's not my slide. just the green. okay. so there we go, while we're waiting. so as i was introduced, i currently work at the united states botanic garden and i did have the honor of serving as the supervisory horticulturist on the white house grounds for eight years. so i started just after the obama administration started. so i had the honor to serve them and the beginning of the trump administration. so it's with that i can speak a little bit about this. and the white house gro

what do you need as you are covering the white house? >> we mourned a chat went all that time without having any briefings by a press secretary. we had occasionally, mike mulvaney came in. >> we just passed a one year anniversary of note press briefing by the press secretary which i find astonishing. so it is you make a point that's a valid one, and an important one which i want to get to. but my argument about the need for a press secretary having regular press briefings. we are an extraordinary moment right now where the president is doing his own briefings every day. that's we are an extraordinary time with the crisis. i think it is important during any time to see the person who is speaking on behalf of the executive branch of the united states government is speaking on behalf of the president come out and take questions every day from all comers. i think it is important first of all in terms of the newsgathering it admittedly the information is not always useful. some more useful than others. i think it is important symbolically and

what you need as you are covering the white house? >> we went a year without having any briefings by a press secretary. occasionally like mulvaney came in. >> i think we just passed the one-year anniversary of no press briefing by the press secretary that i find astonishing. >> it is. and you make a point that is valid and important, which i want to get to but my argument about the need for a press secretary having regular press briefings. we are in an extraordinary moment right now where the president is doing his own briefings every day that we are an extraordinary time of crisis. but i think it is important to see the person who was speaking on behalf of the executive branch to come out and take questions every day from all comers. even though in the news garden admitted the the information isn't all that useful some is more than others, it's important symbolically to send a message to the country and to the world the most powerful person in our government is accountable. we don't have question. like the british prime minister has

ladies and gentlemen, jonathan white. [applause] white: thank you for that kind introduction. to beed ballet practice here today. not my own ballet, i should say. my three-year-old. but i am thrilled to be here at the library of virginia. it's the middle of the civil war , early 1863. elizabeth shorter, a black teenager is living in the capitol and working as a servant for a shoemaker named frank prewitt. one night lizzie went to bed and it was dark and she laid down on the couch and all of a sudden she heard someone come in next to her. she asked, who was there and he it is me, frank. i want to get into bed with you. i don't want you to tell lib. said she was tired and told him to get away. he put his hands around her neck and slept with her to rid this happened on several occasions. she became pregnant. he asked if the baby was his and she confirmed it was. the baby was born in april of 1863. he wanted lucy that her to take the child and get out of his home. she said she would leave if he gave her a natural support. he refused. she decided to confront him in front of his wif

about two thirds were white, followed by black, or white, black and native. those who claimed native backgrounds iin combination with other backgrounds, the south tied with the west at about one third of the population, twice as many as the midwest and three times as the northeast. the history we are talking about today is continuing to echo. the south's share of these self identified native populations grew in the first decade of the 21st century relative to the rest of the country, advancing at 48%. the three states with the most rapid growth for all southern, texas, north carolina and florida. the tribe with the largest self identified population were the cherokee with 819,000 people. let's look at the maps from today's census that reflect this self identification. this is also showing white people leaving. ok, this is self identified seminole people in 2000, not surprising, both anchors in florida but also oklahoma. the creek. self identified choctaw people. i look forward to talking to people who know a lot more about this than i do. i am covering 230 ye

on ceremonies at the white house. so we'll have a conversation with the chef and jennifer pickens at our event in october. so stay tuned for news on both of those occasions. and now for our prime event we're very fortunate and we're in for a treat tonight to talk about this very important and timely happening in our nation's history and on the centennial of this important historic occasion. we have rebecca baugz roberts here tonight as our speaker, and rebecca has been i understand many things in her life and career and not limited to just these. she's been a journalist. she's been a prurs. she's been a tour guide. she see been a forensic anthropologist. she's been an event planner, a political consultant. she's been a jazz singer, a radio talk show host, and currently she is curator of programming for planet word, a museum set to open in 2020. she's also found time to be the mom to two twin boys and a wife and a great keeper of the family in line, and on top of that, all of that she's an author. and she has written a

of the white house. it became a private space for the first family to enjoy. this is very early photographs of the white house conservatory. obviously the large glass building here. the conservatory was steamy and exotic and overflowing with all types of hothouse plants. one 19th century news reporter somehow did manage to get inside and described the scene as almost like penetrating the luxurious fragrance of some south american island. so warm and oh difference is the atmosphere. first lady lucy, seen here with her children and one of her friends in the conservatory. there was a tremendous amount of plants, she was an avid gardener. but utilized the conservatory in a special way. both were vetoed or's and alcohol is banned for the haze. instead of serving drinks they lead tours and the conservatory. by about the year 1900, the single conservatory, which is the big building here, can grow into one vast glass complex that ranged over much of the southwest grounds. the conservatory itself was for show and

most white southerners did not owned enslaved people yet it went everywhere white settlers went. the migration of nonslave holders allowed the slaved south to expand as fast as the north. this is what we have to try to figure out, is how does the displacement and the survival of native americans fit into this story. in 1790, after centuries of continual conflict and change, indigenous peoples remained a presence in every part of the southeast of north america from atlantic to the gulf to the plains. some reduced to small and isolated groups, some bound themselves with others to form new alliances. neighboring towns often spoke different languages incorporating words from one another. they regularly communicated, traded and worked with one another, often across great distances on well defined and heavily travelled routes. the purple arrows -- it's not that native people are waiting for the white people to show up, they had their own history living and breathing and moving, and all this is happening as the american revolution is being fought. you got to keep everything in movement

especially an occasion when the clinton white house. even just doing those jobs is hard to imagine and then not being able to really speak publicly so that after that first performance, he came back on the monday and held a press conference and this time he got a suit that fit a little better, they realized they could deliver it which made him look a little bit taller. when he called on me ask the question. with sean there was the need to ask the question basically in light of what happened on saturday can you clarify the nature of your job and if the intention to always told the truth from the podium over as far as you know it. he gave me a good answer and said yes but for some reason, he took offense to that and thought i was questioning his integrity, how dare i ask if he would tell the truth. >> host: and you write about that in the book. >> guest: it set off a whole series of events and there's a lot of things that was quite a time. i still have to regularly deal with him because he was the press secretary, that the interactions ar

if you're going to talk about how pretty she is i'm going to put her in a white dress and white horse and put a star on her head and then maybe you'll take hir picture and we'll get coverage out of it. so this image comes back in sufferage lure. but that was her on her horse. the working women as i said marched by profession. these are the nurses. the teachers marched together. the writers marched together. they purposely stained costumes with ink. college women marched by alma mater. i am certain there were smith women there. we have pictures from some of the other seven sister schools. i looked for smith. i couldn't find them. and the whole idea was that this grand procession would end at 15th street at the treasury department where this tablot would go on. so it was a fascinating art form that involves some sort of tortured allegory where people would pose and this is columbia summoning the virtues. that is colombia there in the armor. the virtues were like peace and prosperity and it involved children and togas and live doves. it was a whole thing. it had very little to do with su

it would be easier if i just that white people white people but i keep saying people with white privilege. because you can be a person of color or by racial multi- white. our is seen as fight or can be mistaken for white. if they do not know more about you. what include asterix to that. because the process for this people is very different to those who are just white. it is complicated. i did an event in washington dc and i talked about this. and after the talk, palestinian woman came to talk to me afterwards. she said i am really glad you said that because myself and my family have been pretty much doing that. we've been passing is quite printed and where we can get away with that we will do it. because that is easier than having to deal with being seen as palestinian. but what it has meant as we've had to sacrifice parts of ourselves. we have had to subdue parts of our culture and our heritage in order to fit in to whiteness. so people to fit into that and who have white privilege that are not white, it is complex is not because you have to look at how have i had an conscious racist tho

>> our next speaker is john white. he is -- john white. he is an associate professor in newport news. when i look at his academic resume, i think of what an old graduate school advisor talked about, would say to us when he would come into our offices to find someone to volunteer for a project. busy people will get things done. we knew we were in for it. he has to be the busiest young scholar in the field today. he's not only a prolific historian, but more projects on more back burners on the stove than i have ever seen for. a dedicated -- a dedicated educator he won the 2019 outstanding educator award. i do not know where he finds the time. he has been very generous with what remaining time he has. we are all very grateful. as you can see from your printed programs, the topics of his published works are many and varied with something of a focus on abraham lincoln and constitutional history as well. and because he lives in newport news, virginia and had a few extra minutes on his hands, he and anna holloway wrote "our little monitor: the gr

i don't say it's for white people. people who had white privilege.if i could've written throughout the book i keep seeing people with white privilege. you can be a person of color who is seen as white or can be mistaken for white if they don't know more about you. i include an asterix to that. if you fit in this. the process for those people is very different to those who are just white. it's complicated. i did an event in washington dc. a palestinian woman came and talked me afterwards. myself and my family had been pretty much passing as white. where we get away with that we will do it. that is easier than having to deal with being seen as palestinian. what it has meant is that we have to sacrifice parts of ourselves we've had to subdue parts of our culture and heritage in order to fit into this box. for people who fit into that and had white privilege but are not white it is complex in its nuanced because you have to look at how had i have unconscious racist thoughts and races thoughts and beliefs and harmed other people of color and how had i bee

this was a remarkable thing for a white male politician to say in the 1850s, he was telling a white male racist audience that all people of all colors everywhere had value and worth and they were included in the declaration. now in these prooismt moments he practiced what he had been preaching. he connected with them on an emotional level in a way that likely no person had before. do we have time for questions? >> thank you very much, two questions, i have been trying to get reverend rhodes. >> i want that information too, then. >> you don't know about that then. >> yeah. >> if you could talk about martin delaney? >> i don't know about parker and i will look into it and we can exchange info after, and if i find anything i would love to let you know. i'm working on two two books, one is black correspondents, and another is about black visitors to the white house. so he is an immigrationist, and he he starts writing about getting a commission in the army. he meets with lincoln, i want to say late in february 1865. they have a long conversation and he says i have this idea that we need to c

nixon invited him to the white house. and they walked through all of the rooms, from the third floor down to the ground floor, through the private quarters and the state rooms. and he thought about it for a few days and decided to accept it. and she was a very strong supporter of this program. the rooms had been last refurbished in the early '60s, in the kennedy administration, but there had been tremendous visitation, tremendous receptions and a lot of crowds in the '60s. and things really needed to take shape. and klemm conger was a very energet energetic, ambitious person who knew how to raise funds and appeal to donors and mrs. nixon would often write letters to donors and have receptions and teas for people that were potential donors or museums that might lend objects, such as the dolley madison portrait by gilbert stewart that belonged to the pennsylvania academy of the fine arts, which was hung in 1971. and then it was finally purchased by the association here for the collection. but she was a big supporter. she, i

it is the peoples house, the white house. but we need to know about the people that built the house. the people that impacted it beyond the president and their first families. he was very generous to introduce his historians at the national museum of african american museum culture. pecan a three-year project delving into this topic. during that time, we had the privilege to host a group called the presidential leadership scholars. this is a program that is a collaboration of the presidential libraries and foundations of clintons, pushes, and president johnson. they bring together these young dynamic early career leaders, and at the program educator house across the park. they went up into the historic slave quarters that night. i think they were intrigued, encouraged, maybe a little bit inspired. they took it they took us to task. we need to do a better job of telling that story and interpreting that space. so we folded that story at the cater house and the last remaining example of sleeve hoarders in the presidents neighbor

nixon invited him to the white house. they walked through all the rooms down to the ground for, through the private quarters. he thought about it for a few days. he was a strong supporter of this program. there has been tremendous receptions and a lot of crowds in the 60's had taken place. there was an ambitious person who knew how to raise funds and appeal to donors. mrs. nixon would write letters to donors and have receptions and teas for people who are potential donors or museums that might have objects such as the dolley madison portrait. it was hung in 1971. he was a big supporter. he went up to philadelphia to the pennsylvania academy to thank them for lending that painting. she put herself out a great deal. she worked very closely and became very attached to a consulting architect. what patty says about her graciousness, we were not a part of their white house staff, but once she invited her staff to go out on her yacht. she included our staff. that was very generous. we got a gift of a gilded french chair that bel

this is white population change. the first decade of the american nation between the american census and you will see virginia is blue from beginning to end here. people are fleeing virginia and most of white people are going to the north. but here in the first decade they go down the shendoa valley, to east tennessee, hang a hard right to central kentucky. this is the first frontier of the south and the first decade of cotton's expansion, moving to the up country of south carolina. you will recognize from our earlier talks this is land occupied by the cherokee. as you can see, all of the lands with diagonal lands on them are lands still in native possession in 1790. so this is the black population change at the same time. we'll toggle back and forth. you will see white people are not moving to the same places that they are taking enslaved people. enslaved people here are moving to the piedmont of virginia and of what becomes georgia and south carolina, at the same time that they are moving enslaved people to blue gr

that any gains or lacks would be losses for whites. the idealistic defense of emancipation that it would have broad benefits for american society was a bold argument and its potential to mobilize loyalists was given a stern test in the reelection campaign of 1864. so i will say a few words about that. and then move to some conclusions. as you all know in this room lincoln's reelection was not a foregone conclusion. to understand how lincoln prevailed we have to recognize that the campaign of 1864 was a referendum not only on emancipation but also on lincoln's other signature policy about which we don't talk nearly enough, that other signature policy his program of amnesty. amnesty for confederates announced in december of 1863. lincoln's amnesty program offered forgiveness and a restoration of political rights to any white southerner who took a loyalty oath. an oath of future loyalty, accepting abolition and pledging future allegiance to the union. the amnesty plan also offered readmission to suceded states that could firm an electoral

as it turned out, they were, the white mayor, the white police chief, the white federal commissioners and several white lawyers were marched at gunpoint to two train stations, put on the train and said do not come back, we will kill you and not one came back. the main weapon for the white supremacy campaign was a fake news campaign led by daniels who played with blocks to a fight whites and attack them. in the nearly 25% of voters who were illiterate, they required cartoonist as cartoons. i would like to read a passage from the book about the propaganda pam pain. >> more than a century before since desiccated steak news, targeted social media website, dino's manipulation of white readers through phony or misleading newspapers was perhaps the most daring and effective disinformation campaign of the era. the most sensational stories focused on what daniels and other democrats claim to have the black beast races. in the native -- emasculated by troops who had occupation their towns, with bachmann were elevated to something approaching equality. a black man who can vote or hold public off

counsel on white house history. many of them are with us tonight, welcoming you all for this wonderful conversation that our historians have been working on for several years. it was in may of 2016 at a speech at the city college of new york and later that summer at the political convention in philadelphia. first lady michelle obama delivered a speech on both occasions that included these words. i wake up every morning in a house that was built by slaves. in the days that followed, our phone lines, our email, our internet, our press office, our historians were all inundated from the public, the press, people wanting to know the story behind those very compelling words. my first call was to dr. lonnie bunch, that will be part of our conversation tonight. say, lonnie, we need to know more about this story. we know anecdotes, but we need to know names, we need to know dates, we need to know specifics. it's the people's house, the white house, but we need to know about the people that built the house. and the people tha

our final panel, the white house gardens today. features speakers with lived experiences working in and around the gardens of the white housz. we will hear from in this order deputy director of science and program director for the u.s. botanic garden. jim adams, horton-tuckericulture manager. and jim, white house -- board of directors and formerly park service. like our previous panel we'll hear three short presentations and then a conversation will be moderated by dr. pell. we'll leave time at the end for

times this white house -- >> stand by for a moment.he president is back at the microphone in the rose garden. >> i would say as thrilled as they can be considering the fact is that there has been so much unnecessary death in this country. it could have been stopped and stopped short, but somebody a long time ago it seems decided not to do it that way and the whole world is suffering because of it. 184 countries at least. i want to thank these great businessmen and women. my administration has urged unused testing capacity be used in states. a week ago we provided each governor with a list of names, addresses and phone numbers with the labs where they could find additional testing capacity. within 48 hours the numbers across the u.s. again to skyrocket. on saturday alone more than 200,000 test results were reported which is a gigantic number. a number that is an increase from earlier in the month when we tested less than 100,000 a day. so we have much more than doubled it and that will be doubling again shortly. we are continuing to rap

in the case of mugabi he amplified the threat from white farmers it's not a fight against the whites as such it's if ideas are good is that particular section of the whites were on the left when the european columnists. they forced black people off their farms to control over the country's agriculture that changed in 2000 with the introduction of land reform and this is a story you might not have heard before that land reform is working land reform or is very important in zimbabwe this is people went to war to take the land back from the white minority but when we're going to be decided to deal with this issue he was doing it for the wrong reasons and that's why we ended up with a disastrous policy where he allowed disparate prisons to take white commercial farms without it and many of his cronies had multiple farms and did not been if it's the country in 2 or. the new occupants of confiscated farms often included prominent members of the ruling elite they were either inexperienced inept or disinterested in farming food production plummeted and the country nosedived into famine and e

in august 1864, lincoln called frederick goes to the white house. -- frederick douglass to the whitehouse. lincoln was convinced he was going to lose his reelection and wanted to free as many slaves as he could. he said, i want to see it abolished altogether. the two men then sat down to come up with a plan, how can i free as many slaves as possible? the plan they came up with was to create a band of scouts that would go into the south and try to get as many slaves freed as possible. doug is later explained, what he said on this day showed a deeper moral conviction against slavery than anything i had seen, either spoken or written, from him. i listened with profound satisfaction. lincoln's meeting with douglass is significant. historian martin neely junior says it shows lincoln'is genuine humanitarianism. freeing the slaves at this point of the war had nothing to do with military necessity. it had everything to do with what was morally right. the meetings i described are a sample of more than two dozen i found. they demonstrate beyond doubt that lincoln strove to break down racial ba

good good morning morning my name is, my name jonathan white and is jonathan i'm vice chair of white and i'm vice the lincoln chair of the lincoln forum. our form. our next next speaker this speaker this morning is morning elizabeth elizabeth are farran. she is williams professor of american history and varon. associate director of the john she's the associate l now the third center for director civil war history of the museum of civil war university of virginia. history at the university author of of virginia. she's the five book books author of five books that probe that probably important important issues from issues of the sectional the american conflict from the revolution to the civil american revolution to the war. her masterful civil war. her masterful biography, biography, southern southern leaning, yankees by the lady yankees spy, true story of a true story of elizabeth van lou a union agent a union agent in in the heart of the the heart of the confederacy was confederacy was published published by by oxford oxford university university press in press in 2003 and when 2003

for what she did during a white house briefing early she's been kicked out of the white house briefing room now the association says that they corresponded violated the social distancing policy that was established there or to correspond to touch us we those were all those decision. yes he was in effect other than those things are. going back to your point how many clinical trials in the past steve perry would you like to see before you put a stamp on it because it gave her the trial seemed to take place the moral thing here which is the down part i made the case is that you like to say this was the last press briefing one american uses on attended on march 31st as you can see there are less seats available in the white house press briefing room to integrate proper social distancing loriot it does not have an actual seat during this time according to a media report she had said she was attending as a guest of stephanie gresham the white house press secretary so the white house correspondents association decided to remove away in seats altogether for what. called not abiding by their so

annie karni, white house reporter with "the new york times." and jonathan lemire, white house reporter for the associated press. jonathan, i'd like to begin with you. having written about this briefing we witnessed today that sure was abrupt. suddenly it was eefr. the longest among them -- we looked it up -- ran 2:24 minutes at their height. that is well into tarantino territory. and while sub "irishman," it would get scorsese's attention. could it turn out that live television might have been the disinfectant for this kind of briefing? >> this was a short film compared to the longest ones he's done, the ones you just cited, brian. this has been in the works for a while. as axios first reported it and we have as well and added some details to it, a number of his advisers both inside and outside the building have been asking him to sort of curtail these, suggesting to him he shouldn't be out there every day. that he should reserve his appearances for big moments when there's major news to announce or perhaps some really good announcements to mak

whites. polish kids, , italian kids, irh kids, greek kids. that was my experience with whiteness, even portuguese and spanish kids. they tended to be catholic. attended one second to college i realized attended not to be at all this kind of elite white. >> host: they were not college-bound. >> guest: many of them were not. turn these of the kids in your neighborhood and also the kids in your school. >> guest: that's right. >> host: what percentage of kids in your school were black? >> guest: up until high school i was one of a handful of a black students and was really aware that i was kind of, i could interpret my racial identity as a wanted to because there wasn't much basis of judging. by the atomic at high school and there was a deliberate choice i chose to go to school that was much more black and latino, about half. >> host: you were offered a choice. >> guest: i could've gone to a pretty good all boys catholic school that would've been pretty white and had a good basketball team and i

in other words, he was white. yet during the era of the american revolution, approximately 20%, one in every five people was of african birth or descent. multiethnic people like crispus attucks were very much a part of 18th-century america and embodied what was new and distinctive in the revolutionary nation. attucks' life experiences, as best can be surmised, allowed him to see the best and worst of 18th-century america. the economic and social vitality of growing colonies, the oppression of slavery, the intermingling of peoples and languages, opportunities of life at sea, fluidity of identity. in america's formative era. and the language of liberty and national rights that came to define the idealistic nations served in itself. so, in looking at stories, the stories that have grown around crispus attucks over 250 years, i've looked into scholarly histories, juvenile literature, public monuments, works of drama in literature, visual arts, tv, movies, the internet, and so on. because there is so little clear evide

the mediocre white boy. this is a notion where i talk about this with my guys a lot as far as looking at somebody else get away with something you can't get away with. that is basically what it is, dealing with the police or schools or whatever it is, you are looking at other people, your white counterpart be able to do things that you can't do because there are two sets of rules. >> it is all about what i refer to as the assumption of competence, the number of times we hear these words about marriage, meritocracy and affirmative-action and all these different conversations, when it came to african-americans i noticed over the course of my career you started to realize you can't win. you feel like it was a sort of hopeless situation because when you are not part of the system you're draining it, bringing the system down and when you are part of it you are and affirmative-action higher but i noticed my white counterparts never question their own competence was they assume they belong. they always assume they

i was president of the white house correspondents association and he had complaints about a story that i had done and also about a story that had run in the "washington post" over labor day weekend, by the way. there were some things he wanted to raise with us so we were brought into the oval office and i described the scene at the time when there have bee and thy odd moments like i was white house press secretary i was brought in by the press secretary and the chief of staff and i brought with me two of my colleagues from the association board the oval office was empty and we were asked to sit at the three chairs that were out in front of the desk. then we were told waite. mulvaney and stephanie grisham left us in the oval office. i don't know how many times you worked there in the oval office alone and i've never been in the oval office alone. the doors were closed it was just the three of us. i can't tell you exactly how long it was. at this meeting lasted maybe upwards of an hour and i at one point sat there thinking here i am sitting across the resolute desk from the president of

sometimes, in fact, whites seemed to suffer more from slavery than african-americans. as they explained it, the slavery of the 1930s was mainly about the economic devastation and constraints that largely affected wage workers, the majority of whom were white. despite the fact that all our people are free and have the right to work and live where they please, said one massachusetts politician, there are many who contend that our toilers live in virtual economic slavery. the assumptions here that all people could work and live where they please, something that was not available to african-americans, suggested that they were not really thinking about african-americans in this definition of virtual economic slavery. according to representative frank dorsey of pennsylvania, lincoln's hatred of precious human beings becoming mere chattel would have seamlessly extended into his distaste for, quote, the new slavery that placed men in economic peonage. this quality dorsey argued made lincoln, quote, a new dealer of the late 1850s and early 1860s. and so i think in the 1930s peo