joshua joining us from the national institute of mental health. here to take your questions about mental health and issues related during the pandemic. for those of you in the eastern and central time zone (202) 748-8000. (202) 748-8001 in the mountain and pacific time zones. (202) 748-8002 if you are a mental health professional. in about 15 minutes we will go to the house of representatives for their pro forma session and continue on with our conversation with dr. gordon on this topic. of, you mentioned the idea telehealth and telemedicine. i read an article yesterday about apps offering those types of services. would you put those in the same category of telemedicine or telehealth? dr. gordon: they are within the category of what we might call remote health care delivery or assistance in delivering health care remotely. digital apps have taken off in the last several years in the mental health space. while there is plenty of evidence they can be outstanding adjuncts to a mental health treatment delivered by professionals, there are a lot of con

he is director of the national institutes of allergy and infectious diseases at the national institutes of health. he's held that position since 1984 which meant he's advised six presidents and worked on hiv-aids, influenza, malaria, ebola and other infectious diseases. he was involved in treating ebola, nih and also worked on vaccine trials for ebola. next, we'll hear from dr. robert redfield with the center of disease control and prevention which has headquarters in atlanta. more than 30 years he's been involved with clinical research related to chronic human vierl infectious diseases and especially hiv. he was the founding director of the department of retroviral research with the u.s. military's hiv research program. he spent 20 years with the u.s. army medical corps. third, admiral brett jerwa, admir admiral jerwa is assistant secretary of health at the department of human health services and that puts him with public policy recommendcations and he's taken on the responsibility for coordinating testing and focused on the increasing number of tests that we can do with existing techn

the research supported by the national institute of mental health, are carried out directly by the nationaltitute of health, look at the mechanism of drug action on the addicting qualities of new drugs, and how they act in the body. two studies of social papatterns of drug abuse, as well as studies of new methods of treatment and rebut rehabilitation. >> in kentucky, the town first and foremost associated with the treatment treatment of narcotic bag attics the first patient w was admitted in 1935, the federal hospital in lexington, have carried the brunt of caring for these little understood and often feared, and much maligned american dope attics >> for decades these hospitals thehemselves have been maligned and misunderstood. they have often been cited as prime examples of how hopeless it is to treat, much less secure an attic it is well to remember, that these institutions were only a first step in societies and lighting policy towards the drug attic while still bars and barred windows look at the side of our judgment, national conscienc and research have looked at rehabitation since 196

and infectious diseases and the rest of the national institutes of health is located. the scientist they are looking at that exact same question. our animal models that have been developed will be used to examine that question. they will be used to examine the older,n of, if you are are you definitely going to get worse? if not, why? the animal models will look at what are called obesity and diabetes. there are going to be in the next probably three or four months effective small animal models like hamsters and certain kinds of fancy experimental mice that will allow scientists here and around the world to look at those questions. that is a terrific question. maybe if john invites me back in six months we can talk about that. host: we would love to have you back sooner than that. in the couple of minutes we have left, how do you answer the question when people ask you when will there be a vaccine? if i knew thew, answer to that, you and i could probably go to a lottery somewhere and make a lot of money. projectthe vaccine which has been mounted is called operation warp

within a month, the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases had launched a clinical trialn the gilead drug, remdesivir at sites across the nation and internationally. lasttrail reported results week showing patients that received remdesivir had a 31% faster time to recovery than those who received placebo. ,t does represent a landmark the first rigorous demonstration of efficacy of a treatment for covid-19. on march 16, just 63 days after receiving the vinyl -- the viral clinicalquence, evaluation was completed of a vaccine candidate. tell you i am happy to is going well. i'm excited to see how the timetable for a full phase three testing of the vaccine and several other candidates has been advancing. as more information is poured in from information -- from scientists across the world, we have been looking for the best ideas, finding everything from basic biology to clinical trials while closely washing private sector efforts and seeking ways to collaborate. it has been apparent that the medical research world is charged up to tackle the covid-19 challenge. that expressio

well, every year federal grant making agencies like the national institute of health, the department of energy's national labs or the national science foundation give out taxpayer dollars for research. both way, it's about $150 billion a year. it's a lot of money. these are important research projects, this is a good thing for our country, it leads to new breakthroughs in science and technology, it's helped make the united states the world leader in innovation. so your tax dollars coming to washington, going to the department of energy, national institute of health, national science foundation out to researchers and college and universities and research institutes, $150 billion a year has led to a lot of breakthroughs. the opening collaborative nature of the research that's done here in the united states is one of the reasons we attract some of the best and brightest researchers from all around the world to take part in this research. but what we have learned and through our report we prove is that this system is very vulnerable. it's vulnerable to theft by other countries and that's

that is part of the idea that our nation's institutions run properly. in the world of trading, we have compliance officers. there have to be people who are there to hear the whistleblowers and to investigate the complaints. >> i think he fails to

within a month the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases had launched on the gileadal drug remdesivir across the nation and internationally. as reported, they had preliminary results just last week showing that patients who received it had a faster time to receivedlive those who the placebo. it's not a home run, but it is a landmark, the first rigorous demonstration of efficacy for treatment for covid-19. just 63 days after receiving the viral sequence, they completed all the clinical evaluation of axing candidates and the first human patient was dosed in a phase one trial and it is happy -- and i am happy to tell you it is going well and i'm excited to see how the timetable for the retesting has been advancing. information comes in from scientists and patients all over the world, we have been sifting, sorting, looking for , fundingideas everything from basic biology to clinical trials and closely watching private sector efforts and seeking ways to collaborate and it has been apparent that research is fully charged up to tackle the trials, with that expression of ameri

>> i'd like to prevent to you one of the staff of the national institutes of health who is the associate director of our national institute of allergy and infectious diseases and ask him to answer this question any other scientific question you might have had. >> thank you. it's nice to have you, take your time and come see as tonight. i'm going to ask but, it's going to seem like a silly question. i would like to know, what is this virus? like what is this virus? >> we'll, to begin with, influenza is a specific disease caused by a specific virus. this virus was first isolated back in 1931 by the rockefeller institute and then subsequently in 1933 it was shown to cause human disease by a british scientist. now, we know that there are three major classifications of virus. taipei, type, type c. and a new type, a fourth type, the has been described in japan. while this a, b, c and the you said it being related to type a. that's what require's me. the type a influenza causes epidemics and pandemics at intervals throughout recent years. now, the asian type of virus, type a, and it causes the

he's director of the national institutes of allergy and infectious diseases at the national institutes of health. he's held that position since 1984 which meant he's advised six presidents and worked on hiv/aids, influenza, malaria and other infectious diseases. he was involved in treating ebola at the nih and worked on vaccine trials for ebola. next we'll hear from director robert redfield. he's from the centers of disease presentation and control who has their offices in atlanta. for many years he's been involved in research of infectious diseases, especially hiv. he was the founding director of the department of retroviral research from the u.s. military's hiv research program. he spent 22 years with the u.s. army medical corps. third, admiral brett giwau. he is the assistant director of health and human services. that puts him as director of health directions. he's focused on testing and the increasing number of tests that we can do with existing technology. his federal service includes a variety of activities with our defense department in advanced research, threat reduction, he w

he's director of the national institutes of allergy and infectious diseases at the national institutesf health. he's held that position since 1984 which meant he's advised six presidents and worked on hiv/aids, influenza, ebola and other infectious diseases. he was involved in treating ebola patients and working on vaccine trials for ebola. next we'll hear from dr. robert redfield. he's director of the u.s. centers for disease control and prevention which has its headquarters in atlanta. more than 30 years, he's been involved with clinical research related to chronic human viral infections and infections, diseases, especially hiv. he was the founding director of the department of viral research program. he spent 20 years with the u.s. army medical corps. third, admiral brett grior. that puts him in charge of development of public health. he's taken on the responsibility for coordinating testing and focused on the increasing number of tests that we can do with existing technology. his federal service includes a variety of activities with our defense department in advanced research, thre

every year federal grant-making agencies like the national institutes of health, the department of energy and national labs, the national science foundation, and others, give out more than $150 billion in u.s. taxpayer funds for research. that's quite a bit of money. for the most part, this system works well. american taxpayers send the money to the federal-grant making agencies here in washington and give it out to the best research labs in the country. it resulted in important breakthroughs in science, technology, and health care, in energy, in military equipment, and more. the n.s.f. helped fund the creation of the internet. the n.i.h. has funded research into very successful and innovative treatments for cancer and other diseases. so there's a lot of good stuff coming out of these research dollars. it's made america really the leader in the world on -- on innovation and new ideas, and for the most part, this federal research funding has enjoyed broad bipartisan support here in the congress. but guess what. it's also attracted the interest from researchers around the world who want the

some of the so-called platform trials are being set up and the national institutes of health is starting to run them now. we'd like to see those be much more widely available. >> so dr. mcclellan, president trump calling a clinical study of hydroxychloroquine in va patients phony. he is taking the drug against the fda's recommendations. he's sidelining the cdc. what impact do these attacks have on fighting this pandemic? >> well, i hope they won't slow down the need to get more evidence on the treatments that really work. there are some randomized studies under way now about hydroxychloroquine that will hopefully give us more definitive evidence. for now, though, don there is not clear evidence this treatment works and the fda has put out some very clear warnings for people with heart disease, for people with other medical conditions to avoid it because it can cause serious heart complications and other complications. >> you mentioned earlier in the interview, you mentioned remdesivir. there's been a lot of talk about that as well as a synthetic antibody treatment. what looks like the mo

in this case, it was undertaken jointly by the national institutes of health and cdc.first step in the program, epidemiologists selected a section of town that was known to have a high incidence of dysentery, and that was also known to have many flies. in oneould be controlled half of the section but not in the other. but to prove that flies were important carriers, it have to be shown that the morbidity and mortality rates of the controlled area had been appreciably reduced. for this experimental control special tools and equipment were designed. ♪ fly populations were measured, identified, and collected for laboratory studies throughout the controlled and uncontrolled areas. ♪ sotal swabs were made epidemiologists could detect the presence of organisms. epidemiologists determined the amounts of diarrheal morbidity ,y going from house to house asking housewives if members of their families had experienced diarrhea in the last 30 days. mortality figures were obtained from the county health officer. in the area to be controlled, inspections were made to find the fly-bre

while some national banks hesitated, nebraska's local institutions stepped up and they are providing these loans to make sure small businesses and their communities receive assistance. to our community banks and credit unions, nebraskans applying for these loans are noteo just halfway around the country, the people hurting are their friends, their families, and their neighbors. the people who need their help live just down the street. one of these banks is union bank interest in lincoln. this family-owned bank is not in the top 200 banks of assets nationally but after the first 72 hours of the paycheck protection program, they ranked second in the nation for number of loans approved. like many other lending institutions union bank and trust accomplish this while adjusting to working from home for the first time. the remarkable efforts and those of a nether nebraska institution, pinnacle bank covered in a recent post story for leading the way nationally with this program. it's good to see the paycheck protection program working wellin my state and i am pleased that congress came toget

families by the national institute of health hopes to learn more about how children transmit and are affected by the virus. >> and that's definitely going to contribute to us having knowledge about whether we should reopen schools or camps. >> reporter: jaden is now off the ventilator but still unable to see his family in pers a growing concern. kristen dahlgren, nbc news, new york >> as more of the country reopens legally or not many americans find themselves conflicted by need to get back to work but also to stay safe as the virus numbers keep rising in many states. miguel almaguer tonight on a nation fractured. >> reporter: with more than half our nation imp l.ing plans on how to restart local economies the fusing patchwork of who is open and how americans feel about getting back to business depends on where you live as pockets of protests grow louder to reopen the country gyms in washington, pubs in maine and salons in texas are flouting mandates to stay closed sheri baldridge owns a cafe in california >> i mean i'm going to be homeless if i don't open my business back up >> repo

anthony fauci, director of the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases at the national institutes of health. he has advised six presidents and worked on hiv aids, influenza, malaria, ebola, and other infectious diseases. in treatingved people at the nih and also worked on vaccine trials. next, we will hear from dr. robert redfield, director of the cdc, which has its headquarters in atlanta. more than 30 years he has been involved with critical research related to virus and infections. he was the founding director of the department of retroviral military'sr the u.s. hiv research program. he spent 20 years with the u.s. army medical corps. , the assistant secretary for health at the u.s. department of health and human services. that puts him in charge of .olicy recommendations he has focused on the increasing number of tests we can do with the existing technology. ofncludes a variety activities with our defense department. he was part of the blue-ribbon panel to reform the u.s. veterans health system. finally, we will hear from the commissioner of the food and drug adminis

thursday, national institutes of health director collins and others testified before a senate committee on new technology to produce coronavirus tests. watch live on c-span, online at c-span.org, listen live with the free c-span radio app. mike pompeo state called for china to be more transparent about the coronavirus pandemic while speaking to reporters. he also responded to questions on the potential origins of the virus. this is 25 minutes. sec. pompeo: sec. pompeo: good morning. it has been 128 days since a chinese doctor shared information on the internet about a patient with a sars like virus. her colleague shared the doctors report online with medical colleagues. the next day, regional health officials in wuhan the next day, regional health officials in wuhan indicated they were treating dozens of patients with an unknown viral pneumonia. within days, chinese officials detained the doctor and seven others for spreading false statements on the internet. china saw that it had an emerging public health crisis on its hands. they knew. china could have prevented the deaths of hundreds

in late february, the national institutes of health announced the country's first clinical trial for coronavirus therapy had begun at unmc. our worldclass medical center has been active from the very beginning request of this crisis. the nebraska national guard, our citizen soldiers, have also played an important role in our response. they've been deployed as distributors at food banks, as health care workers, assisting with testing and as drivers bringing ventilators to where they are most needed. and one of the first state department evacuation flights out of china brought 57 americans to nebraska where they were quarantined at camp ashland, a nebraska national guard training site. it's easy to forget that these first evacuations happened just back in february. since that time, we've relied on our amazing health care workers and first responders. these heroes have been working around the clock to keep all of us safe. they get up every day to fight this virus in the hospitals and in clinics across this country. i can't imagine how hard it must be for them to see the effects of this n

coronavirus, usmc is also working to test new treatments this virus and in late february the national institutes of health announced that the country's first clinical trial for coronavirus had begun at unc. our world class medical center has been active from the very beginning of this crisis. when nebraska national guard are citizen soldiers also played an important role in our response. they've been deployed as food banks and healthcare workers assisting with testing and its drivers bringing ventilators to where they are most needed. and one of the first, the state department's evacuation of china brought 57 americans to nebraska where they were quarantine at camp ashram, nebraska national guard training site. it's easy to forget that these first evacuations happen just back in february. since that time, we've relied on our amazing healthcare workers and first responders. these heroes have been working around the clock to keep all of us say. they get up every day to fight this virus in hospitals and in clinics across this country area i can't imagine how hard it must be for them to see the effe

the national institutes for health conducted the study it is the first vaccine to be tested on humans. they say eight healthy volunteers were given two shots each. and that the vaccine successfully increased their bodies ability to invoke a immune response. >> >> reporter: in the global race to find a vaccine for the new virus, cambridge provided health on monday. >> we can induce an immune response and everybody that received the vaccine. >> reporter: it involved just 45 volunteers, who were given multiple shots of the vaccine for the study in partnership with the national institutes of health held all of the volunteers develop antibodies with eight people having levels high enough to neutralize the virus. >> they work by basically encoding the digital information that the virus uses to take over ourselves. >> the strategy that it is taking is new, it's different. it's the blueprint for the protein injected directly into the bloodstream. >> reporter: biochemist julie says injecting the viruses blueprint is different from other coronavirus vaccines being developed around the world. >>

their mental health and this is on top of the statistic where we traditionally believe the national institute of health and other places one out of four or one out of five have a diagnosable always treatable behavioral health problem that the mental health is impacted by that social e distancing that with the isolation can create depression and those that would have a prior mentor health problem diagnosis the addiction what the issues is a bigger problem than they were six months ago. people that don't have access to the support system. and with the state governments and opioid addiction. job and family and health so maybe i could just do that one more time and then i don't get addicted again it turns out it doesn't work that way. and those with unprecedented challenges as a perfect storm so the substance abuse and mental health services and t0 percent through this time last year and calling that distressed hotline. but practitioners and behavioral health issues see the impact every day certainly warning this is its own second wave of impact even if he had theto vaccine for then he might not

he is the director of the national institute of mental health. will discuss the covid-19 impact on mental health in the nation's mental health care system. first he want to show you a portion of an interview conducted with the arkansas his decision not to issue a stay-at-home order and how it is working. [video clip] >> you have been a former congressman, a federal official at homeland security and now governor of arkansas, and you have drawn a lot of notice in your decision to not issue a stay-at-home order. how is that going in arkansas? >> it is going very well. we made the right decision. every governor has to make a decision based on the unique circumstances of their state but yes, i had enormous pressure from the national media, the national dialogue that everybody has to shelter-in-place and i had talked to our public health -- public health professionals and i realized we would be adding to the unemployment roll hundreds of thousands more weple and steep -- and wouldn't be making a significant difference in the number of cases. we targete

are recovering from ebola those that were infected with coronavirus and in late february and national institutes of health that the first clinical trial had begun our world-class medical center has been active since the very beginning of thee crisis. and then to try an important role in the distributors of food banks and then to bring ventilators to those that were needed. but then the first state department evacuation site out of china 57002 america and the training site. but it's easy to forget the first evacuations happened back in february. since that time we have a blind on - - relied on amazing first responders. working around the clock to keep all of the safe and get up every day to fight the virus in hospitals and clinics across the country. i can't imagine how hard it must be of the sickness day in and day out. we have also relied on the food heroes, many from the home state that are tied to production agriculture. you can't stay inside and work from your couch if you package be for pork you cannot work from a laptop. should be incredibly grateful to the supply chain. they are working s

my name is tony fauci, director of the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases at the nationaltitutes of health and a member of the white house coronavirus task force. i'm really delighted to address the outstanding graduates in the johns hopkins university class of 2020. we are currently confronting an unprecedented global pandemic, and i am profoundly aware that celebrating your graduation virtually is extremely disappointing at best. however, we must adapt to this extraordinary situation. as you have done so well and unite in overcoming the challenges we face because of covid-19. we need your talent, your energy, your resolve, and your character to get through this difficult time. in the next phase of your lives, whatever professional path you choose, all of you directly or indirectly will be doing your part together with the rest of us to come out from under the shadow of this pandemic. hopkins has a rich tradition of nurturing scholars who excel in their fields of study and by extension enhance the global society in which we live. i have no doubt you will become leaders in

reaction is to say, no, they are lying, they are only in it for themselves, and a lot of our national institutions take on the challenge of persuading people again that they are here for the country. >> sunday on june 7 at noon conversationive with an author and american enterprise institute scholar. his most recent book is "a time to build." -- his most recent book is "a time to build." join us with your phone calls, tweets, and messages on book tv on c-span two. >> "washington journal today's. for: about 25 minutes here a bit of open phones, asking about your top public policy issues. 202-748-8000 if you are a democrat and want to call in, 202-748-8001 for republicans, independents.or as you are calling in, a bit of housekeeping about legislation we have been tracking this week, privacyg the bill on provisions and f.i.s.a. authorizations. house democratic leaders yesterday withdrew legislation that would have revived expired f.b.i. tools to investigate espionage. they objected to where tapping for national security purposes after a fragile bipartisan compromise collapsed following an abrupt repu

scientists but his focus was vaccine development and was recently removed from his post as national institutehealth. the house energy committee will hear from him on scientific integrity and the response pretty much hearing, wife, thursday at 10:00 a.m. eastern on c-span. on nine cspan.org. or listen live on the free c-span radio app. earlier today on the senate floor, several members talked about the coronavirus . the federal response to the pandemic and its economic impact. will start with remarks from iowa republican chuck grassley. >> covid-19, as we all know, has stolen americans quarters of congress and manufacturing in addition to threatening lives and the loss of lives. the unprecedented effort to stop the spread, has shut down life as we know it, closing schools, movie theaters, gyms, lawns, and restaurants. in the historical approach to it, i always say that we have pandemics before but never have we shut down the government shut down commerce the way we have. our lives have distracted our food supply chain, and pull the rug out from underneath our economy and get across my home sta

coronavirus has impacted their mental health on top of the statistic we traditionally believe the national institute of health, 5 of 12 americans have diagnosable, i hesitate, wouldn't hesitate to add always treatable behavioral health problems, mental health problem but coming through the coronavirus, one half of all adults say their mental health has been impacted whether it was social distancing, and other places at home maybe it was economic uncertainty, that along with the isolation can create depression and anxiety, in almost all cases likely to be worse for people with a prior mental health problem or prior mental health diagnosis but those aren't the only people that have been affected. addiction issues, a bigger problem than they were six months ago. people who don't have access to their support system, people that were moving with great focus on the part of the federal government and many state governments away from opioid addiction are in a situation where they are isolated, depressed, concerned about job or family or health and beginning to think, what was that one thing that really made

. >> national institute of health director dr. francis collins talked about the origins of the coronavirus. a possible resurgence and his optimism for a vaccine. he reflected on the intersection of science and faith. program, an mba, also has a phd in genetics and decided to go back. he has a phd, and mba. he has been at nih since the reappointed byas president trump. prize recently given a for his involvement in scientific matters that we will talk about any moment. collins, you studied the human genome, which is complicated, led by thousands of scientists over many years.

this is on top of the statistic where we traditionally believe the national institute of health and other places that one out of four or one out of five adult americans has a diagnosable and i wouldn't hesitate to add they almost always treatable behavioral health problem, mental health problem but coming through the coronavirus again one half of all adults say their mental health has been impacted by that. whether social distancing our everybody trying to do everything you would normally do it other places at home. maybe it was economic uncertainty. that, along with the isolation can certainly create depression and anxiety. in almost all cases it's likely to be worse for people who had a prior mental health problem or prior mental health diagnosis. those are not the only people who have been affected. addiction issues have become a bigger problem again than they were six months ago. people that don't have access to their support system, people that were moving with the great focus on the part of the federal government and many state governments away from opioid addiction are in a situati

doctor joshua gorda, director of the national institute of mental health will be on to talk about theact of the pandemic on mental health and the nation's mental health care system. watch c-span "washington journal" life at seven eastern wednesday morning. join the discussion. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> wednesday the supreme court continues hearing oral arguments via teleconference. at 10:00 a.m. eastern hereto cases on the electoral college and electors casting their vote for another presidential candidate despite the popular vote outcome. the supreme court live wednesday on c-span. on demand, on c-span.org or listed on the free c-span radio app. immediately following the live supreme court session, joined jeffrey rosen of the national constitution center leading a live discussion with scholars. >> today the house revealed its plan, the covid for bill. it's big and bold, just what america needs. our problems are large, they are enormous. they are on the health from the economic front and it will take big, bold, action to help the american people. and so i am supportive of the plan that speaker pelosi

we continue to have some of the world's best researchers, experts at the national institution of health, and many universities and private researchers that work across the country and around the world. many researchers spent years studying coronavirus is rated their knowledge could help pave the way for future breakthroughs. i t applaud them i have to tell you for the last four or five years, there has been a quartet of senators, of both political parties who have given dramatic investments to the national institutes of health for additional research. we have been led by roy blunt, republican chairman of the appropriations subcommittee as well as lamar alexander, the republican chair of the health and education committee. i've done my best to back them up in every way possible. we had 30 percent or more increase ofth the last few years at the nih. so i believe in them. they made a major part of the job that i've undertaken here in the united states and here with my bipartisan colleagues. clinical trials are underway nih for vaccines pretty want to commend that agency. more the doctors,

the fda and national institutes of health warned against it, too. but the president goes on to call the study by scientists phony. and says this. >> but the fact is people should want to help people, not to make political points. it's really sad when they do that. >> yep, it is sad when people use a crisis like this to make political points. instead of showing the kind of leadership americans need from their president. he insists on taking a drug with possible dangerous side effects, but he refuses to do one simple thing that millions of americans have been doing for weeks, wear a mask. the president didn't wear one when he went to capitol hill today, went to the capitol for lunch with republican senators, many of whom are in an age group that puts them at risk. in fact, he's in an age group where he's at risk. underlying conditions as well. obesity and on and on. and he's dodging the question of wearing one on his visit to a ford plant in michigan on thursday. one that has been making ventilators and ppe. the plant requires everyone to wear a mask.

some clinical trials are already under way at the national institutes of health. i want to commend dr. frances collins who heads up the n.i.h. and of course dr. anthony fauci, a friend of many years, for their amazing work. but it's quite plausible, it's even possible, that the best vaccine may turn up in another country. there's efforts under way in england and germany and many other countries to find this vaccine as well. in rush to research and validate a vaccine, ramp up production, address global allocation and supply needs and foregoing access worldwide, where will the united states be? on the sidelines again? when the united states pursues a go it alone, america first -- not just america first but america only approach while the rest of the world is working together, where does that leave us? it hasn't been that long ago that the united states first opted to develop and distribute its own american coronavirus test kit. that turned out to be faulty. instead of choosing the world health organization's test kit which was available at the time. that set our nat

-y it was from the national institutes of health where urgent request came from an african nation. upper vol satisfied with preliminary testing asks for a massivive vaccination effort, help us protect our children before measles strikes again. if done in time it could save thousands of lives. the response is immediate, to help train local teens and study the population, the public health service sends a health team, vehicles are supplied the, the vaccine is contributed by marc sharp the, the drum speaks to the people. come to the village, the doctors are here with medicine, it can protect your chilildren. and the people do come bringing their children, their hopes and fears. at each village, it is carefully explains the. then begins the long, hard job of giving the lifesaving vexing to the children. the as soon as one villages protected they must move on to the next, they are greeted by huge crowds everywhere. the vaccine must be kept refrigerated to protect it from the intense hut african heat. and each new location, the inoculation is clean unchecked. the lines seem eless. but al

what i would say is as we say all the time at the national institute, we have to have a safe, secure, acceptable process. when i say acceptable, i mean it has to serve the military voters that are serving in difficult parts of the world with logistical challenges and it has to serve voters at home. it has to serve voters that might have transportation issues to get to the location. we have to have not only a system like what we talk about a lot which is mailing the ballot to every voter, we have to have an acceptable way to transfer or deliver the ballot to voters who need it. there are different examples of that happening around the country. say, look, weld have to continue, and i talk about this all the time, continue the improvement. so piloting new ways of doing things, all of that is important. the critical aspect and the critical value we have to make sure is applied across the board. it is security. into continue to test those things, look for new ways of doing things, all of that is great, but are we ready for that type of system now in the united states? the answer is no and

in this case, it was undertaken jointly by the national institutes of health and the cdc.s the first step in the wentam, epidemiologists into a section that was known to have high instances of denson terry -- dysentery and known to have many flies. flies would be controlled in one section but not in the other. but to prove that flies were important carriers, it would have to be shown that the mortality rate had been appreciably reduced. for this experimental control program, special tools and equipment were designed. ♪ fly populations were measured, identified and selected for laboratory studies throughout the controlled and uncontrolled areas. schoolchildren were brought to the clinic. rectal swabs were made so that could determine the prevalence -- epidemiologists determined the amounts of diarrheal morbidity by going house to house, asking if housewives had experienced diarrhea in the past few days. controlled,to be inspections were made to find the reading areas. ♪ fly breathing areas were brought under control by basic sanitation. this experimental program proves redu

[captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2020] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] ♪ washington journal" live every day with news and policy issues that impact you. aming up thursday morning, genetics and medicine professor at harvard medical school discusses the science and research behind the coronavirus. campaign's020 strategic director will be on to talk about the michael flynn investigation and president trump's reelection strategy. former republican strategist rick elson, cofounder of the anti-trump group the lincoln project, discusses why his group opposes president trump's reelection. washingtonan's " journal" live at 7:00 eastern sunday morning. -- thursday morning. join the discussion. >> watched testimony from rick bright, former high-ranking st whose focusi was vaccine development and was recently removed from his post at the national institutes from health. the house and energy commerce committees heard from bright about scientific integrity and the code of kadesh and the coro

in 1930, congress changed its name to the national institute of health. famous institute in washington, d.c., most of the investigative work of the public health service is conducted. the diseases and conditions studied include a long list. heart disease is public enemy number one, first on the list of causes of death. more than 300,000 persons die each year in the united states from this cause. the electrocardiograph has aided in the study and diagnosis of heart disease. next is cancer. this disease results in the death of about 135,000 people in the united states annually. malaria is still an important public health problem in at least 16 states. there are more than 2 million cases annually. this patient is having a malarial chill. the fight against malaria is the fight against the malaria mosquito. the prevention of mosquito breeding by seeing no containers are left around to hold water and provide breeding places for mosquitoes and by eliminating refuse files and so far as possible -- refuse piles so far as possible. mosquito control has been accompli

the national institute of health was rebuffed. because of personal connections, we linked to our chinese colleagues and began working together. in those early times, they were reaching out to us for help. very quickly, the tables were turned and we started asking them for help. the communication continues. it is a model for cooperation. in those clinical trials, those long conversations, what has surprised you the most? are unique, there features to this virus. we were interacting directly the doctor who had been the hero of the first sars outbreak. he was the chinese physician who discovered sars and brought it to prominence. this secondin sars-like virus, he was elevated to national prominence. valuable hisne how expertise has been to us and our community? theas sharing his insights, distinctive nature of this very inflammatory infection, how it howdifferent, healthy -- they were treating patients in the icu on the ventilator. that provided our physicians with advanced warning for how to deal with this virus. think of the import

[captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2020] [captioning performed by the national captioning institutewhich is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] >> sees bands "washington journal" live every day with news and policy issues that impact you. coming up this morning, the american conservative discusses the use of technology in tracing those with the coronavirus. and catherine newcomer, professor at george washington university trachtenberg school of public policy and public administration on the role of inspectors general. watch c-span's "washington journal" live at 7 a.m. eastern this morning, join the discussion. lift off, semper fi and hi. liveis week, watch coverage of the launch of space x commercial crew test flight, marking the first launch of american astronauts on american soil since 2011 today at 10:00 a.m. eastern live on c-span. the countdown clock briefing with nasa administrator, wednesday live coverage of t

well, every year federal grant making agencies like the national institutes of health, the department of energy's national labs or the national science foundation give out taxpayer dollars for research. by the way, it's about $1150 billion a year. -- $150 billion a year. it's a lot of money. these are important research projects. this is a good thing for our country. it leads to new breakthroughs in science and technology. it has helped make the united states a world leader in innovation. so your tax dollars coming to washington, going to the department of energy, national institutes of health, national science foundation, out to researchers and colleges and universities and research institutes, $150 billion a year has led to a lot of breakthroughs. the open and collaborative nature of the research done here in the united states is one of the reasons we attract some of the best and brightest scientists and researchers from all around the world to take part in this research. but what we have learned and through our report we prove is that this system is very vulnerable. it's vulnerable