obviously you cannot have fdr support that point, fdr is long gone.anor is able to bridge that gap. >> we will end with the thought about the fact that both of these men, jfk and fdr, essentially gave their lives in duty to the country. i think in both cases their death in office created a residence with the american people that have stayed with us all these years. i think that there is a -- something missing in today's politics in that both of these people truly believed in public service. they had been raised with the sense that they had a duty and responsibility to serve the american people and they both did in very, very extraordinary ways and, you know, i think john f. kennedy's inaugural address remains one of the greatest speeches of all-time 's. >> i have to agree and i have to say, fdr and the events of his time as president, shaped the nation, shaped that generation in profound ways. president candidly, even nixon was only three years older than kennedy and later president bush, herbert walker bush is only six years older than kennedy and wo

so mike and fdr, the operation to get fdr to the city goes without a hitch.taken to the american embassy, he settles in, he's on the second floor of the american embassy with mike. mike is feeling pretty good about things. he gets a message someone comes to tone the russian general downstairs waiting to see him. mike goes downstairs, the head of the nk bb, the precursor to the kgb, the soviet intelligence service. mike thinks the general is there to tell him that stalin has arrived at the russian embassy. mike takes one look at the general's face, he realizes something is very wrong. the russian general told him that last night 38 nazi commandos came down out of the sky on a mission to kill the big3. mike, his heart stops, he describes in his memoirs but the first thing he can say he realizes it's a silly question, are you sure there were just 38?yes, we caught them all and interrogated them quite thoroughly. as the general explains. when he says, quite thoroughly, mike had a vision in his mind of what it must've been like to be interrogated quite thoroughly

they know where and when fdr, churchill and stalin are meeting. but it is even greater because of something else. the allies since the beginning of the war, since 1940, the german intelligence has been sending agents into tehran to have a network of spies put up. they have safehouses established and communication systems. and there is even more than that. over the past three months, they have been sending sabotage teams into iran. they take off in a secret base while they jump out of the sky and try to sabotage the allied material. even better than that, the man in charge of this mission is alex scorsese, the very man that is heading the operation long jump. the german high command, the operational guys don't crash this mission, they will succeed. meanwhile, mike has gone to tehran to check it out. he lands at the airport and the first thing he sees at the airport in tehran is the star control by russian troops and the russians are walking around with machine guns and they may be our allies pay are not our friends. he didn't likshe didn't like thr

paul: joseph kennedy almost ran against fdr in 1940. it was not clear that fdr was going to run. fdr had significant funds to campaign. he kept him in england just long enough to prevent them from running. it became quite nasty between the two of them. >> he served long enough that a lot of people started thinking of running against him. paul: very true. when war broke out, john f. kennedy joined the navy. >> a lot of people recognize the exceptional circumstances of him joining the navy. he overcame a lot of physical disabilities. he was disqualified for naval service. he had a number of other maladies. his father joked about mosquito for the mosquito would die. he did want to join the navy. even though he was initially rejected. he wanted his father to intervene on his behalf. he was initially assigned to a test job. he was given a command of pt boats. all of those operations very much and his sense of public service. and deepened his appreciation for democracy. he knew democracy was under assault from a world that did not believe in the kind of freedom. he said even in his deb

hadn't been open but under construction and he left a gift for fdr. >> really? >> and we have the note that, the thank you, copy of the thank you note fdr wrote to jfk, and it's sort of a skripaled note that's a little hard to read but it appears to say, thank you for the machine gun and goggles. >> oh, really? >> which everyone was sort of like, can you imagine? john f. kennedy dropping off a machine gun at the president's library with guards and -- actually what it says was marine gun, which was a speargun for fishing, because he knew fdr loved to go fishing and loved to be in water and the goggles were like swimming goggles. >> oh. >> we've never been able to find of whatted to the spear gun or the goggles but sort of goes to the relationship the two families had. they were close. >> they were. they were, there say the of intersecti a lot of intersections through the year, no question. and obviously the continuing conversation between jfk and eleanor is also significant in jfk's rise. >> yeah. the period when, right before the united states get into the war,

and fdr did some really innovating things. when i think about i'm just going to go off on retreat, not talk to anybody and come back with this lend-lease idea it just turns the war. and i think president kennedy knew you needed to take time to think about the bigger picture and commit resources. that's not just money, it's political capital, and you have to build up that political capital first. and so he pays very close attention to those relationships including i was intrigued to learn on our day of infamy, november 22, 1963, on the assassination of president kennedy, earlier that morning he called to express birthday wishes to fdr's first vp who i believe was turning 93 or 95, something in that range. and, you know, a real student of history and a real -- a person who really pays attention to relationships does those personal touches throughout. and in addition to being a good, you know, large scale retail politician those personal touches to individuals i think made a huge difference throughout his career. and i'm sure ele

he could not have fdr support at that point, fdr is long gone. but eleanor is able to bridge that gap. paul: we will end with the thought that both of these men gave their lives in duty to the country. in both cases, their death in office created a residence with the american people that has stayed without all these years. i think there is something missing in today's politics. both of these people truly believed in public service. they had been raised with a sense that they had a duty and responsibility to serve the american people. they both did in extraordinary ways. i think john f. kennedy's inaugural address remains one of the greatest speeches of all time. >> i have to agree and i have to say, fdr and the events of his time as president shaped the nation, shaped that generation. in profound ways. president kennedy, even nixon is only three years older than kennedy and later, president herbert walker bush is only six years older than kennedy. world war ii shapes them and so many other kennedy siblings serve in the war either in the military

a bomb was not ready for testing until after fdr's death and germany's surrender. in july 1945 president harry s. truman authorized the use of atomic bombs against japan. in august bombs were dropped on cities of hiroshima and nagasaki. the most important legacy franklin roosevelt left the world was the united nations organization. from the earliest days of world war ii fdr worked to create a post-war organization dedicated to global cooperation and peace through collective security. on january 1, 1942, he welcomed representatives of 24 allied nations to the white house to sign a declaration pledging each to defend life, liberty, independence and religious freedom and preserve human rights and justice. fdr called this wartime coalition the united nations and later led efforts to expand it into a post-war international organization. >> i'm returning from this trip that took me so far afresh and inspired with a firm belief we have made a good start on the road to a world of peace. and i am confident that the congress and the american people will accept the results of

fdr wanted to end the war. there was tremendous pressure on him to find a way to say the jews who were being killed in his death camps. they knew that the only way you could say the jews was to end the war. i believe that the bomb had been ready, and he felt the by dropping the bomb it could end the war with germany and say the, juicy would've done. >> we have time for one more quick question and go to you two gentlemen for your closing comments. this one is from fred which he asked a while ago. how much to colonel tickets and the crew of the intellect gay know of the destruction of the atomic bomb that they were gonna be dropping? they know the tens of thousands of civilians would be killed an out of the captain crew of the box car came afterwards know of the destructive power of the atomic bomb that was dropped on nagasaki? >> from what i know, they could see if and feel it. they not only got a shockwave. tidbits but i think both, i believe they said they could taste after the shockwave hit them, it tasted li

fdr was a master of the mechanics of government. as he famously said, if it doesn't work, try something else, just make it happen. during this period, prior to the start of the war, prior to pearl harbor, he had been consistently raising military budgets, building up a relationship with both democrats and republicans on capitol hill, both his secretary of navy and secretary of war were republicans that he appointed in 1940. so he had a pretty strong coalition. after pearl harbor, really it was unlimited checkbook. one of the things he was really very astute on was the ability to keep everything compartmentalized. as the manhattan project grew, it became this black box project that literally only a handful of people in the administration knew what it was about. i always felt one of the reasons that fdr brought truman on as hi vice president at that point is truman headed the truman commission, which was investigating expenditures, military expenditures, looking for corruption and profittaking. when he discovered this massive outflow

fdr wanted to end the war. there was tremendous pressure on him to find a way to save the jews who were being killed in these death camps. they knew that the only way you could save the jews was to end the war. i believe if the bomb had been ready, he felt that if dropping the bomb would end the war and save the jews, he would have done it. >> we have time for one more question before closing comments. this is from fred. how much did colonel tibbetts and the crew of the enola gay know, did they know that tens of thousands of civilians would be killed? and how did the captain and crew of the boxcar, did they know of the power of the bomb on nagasaki? >> from what i know, they could see it and feel it. they got the shockwave, tibbetts, and i believe both. i believe they said that after the shockwave hit them, they could taste it, it tasted like metal. i assume it was the radiation. they could all taste metal. they dove to get away from hiroshima. one of the survivors was in a schoolyard in hiroshima and she remem

what fdr called shangri-la. and cut the british out of the development of the bomb and the manhattan project. and this was done for a variety of reasons. but churchill was very upset about this and wanted the british to get back involved in this partnership. and then a few months after this photo was taken in august of 1943, right before the quebec conference, there'd been tremendous tensions between the americans and the british regarding the plans for d-day. the americans wanted to go ahead and get a date and make british military were reluctant, dragging their feet coming up with alternative strategies. so at this meeting in august of 1943 enhyde park before the quebec conference, roosevelt and churchill applying appear quid pro quo here. roosevelt saying to churchill, we'll bring you back into the nuclear project and that is what happened. both agreements were signed on the same day before the quebec conference started. in 1944 this was taken at the this was taken right after the democratic convention. it's

was there anything fdr could have done to have prevented that? is there any blame to be laid anywhere? >> remember that the soviet union was our ally. >> right. >> so some of this idea that, you know, they were the bad guys here, they were the allies, and they lost more than 20 million people fighting the germans. so you know, there was a different perspective of who the soviets were during the war than there is now or even during the cold war, but yes, you know, the there were multiple penetrations of the operation. secrets were smuggled out. designs were smuggled out. obviously, you know, horrific damage. a lot of the espionage was not discovered until the '50s or even later but again, at the same point, america was conducting espionage against the soviets. you know, the whole world was at war, and you trusted your allies only as far as you had to. >> and yeah, kbgrandpa, of cour, famously said during -- they found out that the bomb worked i believe date after he arrived in potsdam to meet with stalin and churchill, and he told stalin about the

he had a different relationship with fdr's successor. thomas: throughout roosevelt's administration, a number of his advisors, specifically some of the conservative democrats kept pushing roosevelt to bring hoover in on certain policy issues and roosevelt exploded and said i am not jesus christ, i will not raise hoover from the dead. when he dies, harry truman reaches out to him and asks him for a meeting. a 71-year-old man on a global pathfinding mission, postwar food and humanitarian aid. it is used by george marshall in formulating the marshall plan. and so hoover, under truman, i think gets rehabilitated. he is brought back into service. and in fairness, the only person who had really dealt with feeding millions of people and dealing with that kind of relief effort was hoover. plus, he also still had a network within the leadership of europe that remembered him from world war i and especially in germany, really the only american they trusted after world war ii was hoover. because at a time when the allies did not want food to go into

fdr won with a large majority. then you enter into this -- one of the strangest periods of american history. roosevelt's first term starts march 4. he was the last president inaugurated on march 4 even though he was elected in november. the congress changed in january, so you had this period where hoover is trying to convince roosevelt to give up on the new deal and stick with hoover's plan. roosevelt is trying to negotiate with him. a number of bank closures continue to increase in the crisis gets worse and worse. congress is sort of paralyzed. hoover has absolutely no respect for roosevelt during this period, and in their meetings, hoover treats him like an idiot. i think it's built a lot of antipathy between the two of them. you may have a different take, but it was one of the most contentious transitions in american history. thomas: i think hoover had unrealistic expectations about there being a cooperative and joint position on dealing with the crisis. and, you know, roosevelt, from strictly a political standp

hoover to the fdr administration. in about half an hour, a conversation about the relationships between members of the roosevelt and kennedy political dynasties. the franklin d roosevelt presidential library provided this video. >> i am director of the roosevelt and herbert hoover presidential museums. >> are here to talk about one of the most remarkable transitions in american history, the presidential election of 1932, and hoover and roosevelt, their long relationship before and after their presidencies. this was a period of incredible trauma for the united states, the great depression. the two of them had known each other for quite some time. during world war i, franken roosevelt was the assistant secretary of the navy under woodrow wilson. do you want to talk about what hoover did during world war i? >> sure. herbert hoover was the head of the u.s. food administration. it had to essentially provide food to the soldiers going to europe and hoover was able to provide the necessary food by getting americans to volunt

. >> fdr was a big fan of hoover during this period. he was impressed with the work he had done. they were both in the same administration, franklin roosevelt was trying to convince herbert hoover to become a democrat and there was some sense of, maybe we can get him as part of our party. but herbert hoover had other ideas. can you talk about why he decided to become a republican. >> he grew up in a quaker community which had supported lincoln because of their abolition sentiments. john brown visited west branch. and hoover actually had registered as a republican but because he had lived abroad for most of his adult life with his mining career, people didn't know his political affiliation. and so he had to write to roosevelt to indicate, you know, that he was -- his tribe was the republican tribe and he considered himself theodore roosevelt, a progressive republican. >> the 1920 presidential race, franklin roosevelt was the vice presidential candidate on the democratic side and the democrats lots and harding became president. hoover became an important part of both the harding an

. >> fdr was very impressed with the work hoover had done.nklin roosevelt was trying to convince hoover to become a democrat. there was some sense of maybe we can get him as part of our party but hoover had other ideas. can you talk about why he stayed a republican? >> he grew up in a quaker community which had supported lincoln because of their abolitionist sentiments. john brown actually visited west branch. hoover actually had registered as a republican, but because he lived abroad for most of his adult life with his mining career, people did not know his political affiliation. he had to write to roosevelt to indicate that he was--his tribe was the republican tribe, and he considered himself, theodore roosevelt, aggressive republican. >> 1920 presidential race harding became president and hoover was part of the harding and coolidge administrations while fdr had polio and disappearing for many years. during that period, he was secretary of commerce and was big on government regulation. can you talk about his role as a commerce secretary and

but, he had a different relationship with fdr, his successor. want to talk about? that >> throughout roosevelts administration, a number of his advisers, specifically, some of the conservative democrats, like bernard broke kept pushing president roosevelt, to bring over in on certain policy issues. and roosevelt exploded and said, i am not jesus christ. i will not raise hoover from the dead. when he dies, harry truman reaches out, and asked him for a meeting. the 71-year-old man, on a fact finding mission, a global fact finding mission, post war, food and humanitarian needs. it is used by george marshall, in formulating the marshall plan. so, hoover under truman, i think gets rehabilitated. he is brought back into service. in fairness, the only person to have really dealt with feeding millions of people in dealing with that kind of relief effort was hoover. plus, he also still had a network with in the leadership of europe, that remembered him from world war one, especially in germany. really, the only american that they trusted after world war ii, was hoover. beca

>> certainly not fdr. the interesting thing about teddy roosevelt and fdr's they were the center of the parents love which gave them a certain confidence. with teddy roosevelt not only was he the center of his father's love and mother's love but the other siblings made him the center of their lives because he told them stories after he would read books. they would sit around and he would organize their games and so to fdr was a center of his parents lives but in fact teddy so want to be the center of everyone's life after having experienced at that his daughter alice that he wanted to be the baby and the baptism, the pride at the wedding and the corpse at the funeral. fdr had that same sense, i think, of being but he got any book that he wanted to end this magnificent library but he learned in a different way when he was young. he liked to read aloud like to listen to his mother read and there was a story one time was mother was reading to him and he's playing with his stamp collection and love stamps and

>> certainly not fdr but the thing about fdr and teddy roosevelt was they were the center of their parents love escape in acertain confidence . with teddy roosevelt not only was he the center of his fathers and mothers love of the other siblings made him the center of their life because he's to tell them stories and they would sit around and he would organize their games and so to fdr was the center of his parents like he wanted to be the center of everybody's life after having experienced that as a child area he wanted to be the baby at the baptism, the bride at the wedding the corpse at the funeral so fdr had that same sense of being adored as a child but he had any book you wanted to, this magnificent library that he could have but when he was young he learned in a different way. he liked to read aloud and like to listen to hismother read . there's one story, he's playing with his debt collection, he loved collecting things. it was his way of having this independence from the mothering of the parents who love him so much the mother said you're not listening to me and he recited back the

it helps to understand the stage completely which is, think about fdr at this point. he has just been reelected for a second term. he has been dealing with the great depression. this is the great depression. he is trying to deal with it innovatively, passing this legislation and it is getting struck down by the court. by the time he is done with his fourth term, he will have appointed more supreme court justices that than anyone but george washington. at this point, he is like jimmy carter. he has been a full-time president and has not put anybody on the court. he is very frustrated with the fact they are sort -- there are striking down legislation. he is with the view that they are out of touch with the country. that is the reason the country focuses on this. i think a lot of the frustration goes with what the court is doing, what the age of some of the justices. all of that well over into the court packing plant. i think it is fair to say it is a bit of a black eye to fdr's historical lettuce -- legacy that he let his frustrations boiled over and made this proposal.

one wants to say fdr. he had a lot of those skills and also i don't think -- what i'm trying to do, how to make their own determinations about these things. i don't know that i can come down with the final voice of wisdom? the idea that fdr had a first-class temperament, that temperament went a long way and dealing with the uncertainty of the job and the crazy presidency he inherited. if you have 17 attributes, that one has more weight than the others. president bush, george herbert walker bush's restraint in office which i write about because i found it fascinating he showed such skill in office and his campaign that was considered one of the most restriction free campaigns, his restraint i thought was notable for him so i think of it more as they had a bundle of these but certainly nobody has all of them. >> the thing about hiring presidents which is what we do to the campaign, what are you hiring them to do? you make the point, what they are going to have to do. when you talk about recommendations, hire

one of the fascinating counterfactual questions is if fdr had lived, how would have fdr decided to use the bomb? he certainly would not have hesitated at all to make his own decision. he was accustomed to doing that. host: let's hear from anthony in new york on our line for world war ii veterans and family. caller: good morning. i am calling for my father and his two brothers. my father went in the army in february of 1941. he fought in the philippines, hiroshima, and he was also an open hour, and he was also in the occupation of japan. wecame home late 1946, but never really found out -- he never really talked about the war until he got older. he was against them dropping the bomb. then he says if we would have had a fight, fight them and invade japan, i probably never would have came home. so it was a flip of a coin. if i had to make that decision, i would say, yeah. one was in normandy, a paratrooper in the 101. my other uncle was also a medic. so those people from that generation, they fought hard and they fought for our country. when i talk about my father and his brothers, i am p

1948 comes he decides he will not run because he ran in 1944 and lost it came closer than defeating fdrhan anybody did but felt in his heart that he didn't want to suffer through losing presidential election twice and he had to be convinced to run so his story becomes very [inaudible] >> obviously, everyone thought, your book is so clear that everyone thought all the media in all the newspapers predicted that he would win and no predicted -- no newspaper predicted that truman when it would win, they spent time "after words" wanting how they got it wrong just like people in the media have done that in the 2016 election how do we get that wrong with the polls and everything. polls were just starting then and that was another element that you or at least you are influenced when i'm sure they had polls before that but they became much more influential s so -- >> just as more media feels big to us at that time the fact that radio was becoming and communication industry was ramping up so posters were extraordinarily powerful and one of them wrote in the newspaper column and said i'm not going

tell us who he is he was fdr's vice president.ow did he end up running on another platform and what was that platform? >> henry wallace is the vice president from right up to 1944 and is pushed off the ticket unexpectedly during the 1944 election to make way for treatment because people thought wallace was just a little weird. he was very far to the left and make people uncomfortable. he was sort of a misfit. he gets pushed aside in 1944 to make way for treatment and he's really not happy about it picking those he's a a massive hero among liberal americans and after the war there's this one day where he comes to the white house and he sits down with treatment and a bunch of other people and they have lunch and they watch footage of an atomic test, atomic bomb going off. they can see it from different angles. wallace is completely unnerved. he's like this is wrong, we shouldn't be doing this. just the fact we're setting up his atomic tests and the soviets to have bomb and we refuse to share the secret with them, this is causing thi

he was fdr's vice president and how did he end up running on another platform and what was that? >> henry wallace is the vice president from, right up to 1944 and he'spushed off the ticket very unexpectedly . during the election form to make way for truman a lot of people thoughtwallace was just a little weird . he was every part of the left and he made a lot of people uncomfortable . he was sortof a mystic . so he gets pushed aside in 1944 to make way for truman and he's not happy about it. he knows he's a massive hero among liberal americans and after the war, there's this one day where he comes to the white house and he sits down with truman and a bunch of other people and they sit in the white house and have lunch and thenwatch footage of anatomic test , a comic bomb going off and they can see it from different angles and wallace is completely on board. he says we should be doing this, just the fact that we're setting off the atomic test and we refuse to share thesecret with them , this is causing this new thing called the cold war . so wallace eventually breaks with truman a

herbert hoover and fdr, the portrayal of abraham lincoln and jfk's response to the nuclear arms race. watch tonight beginning at 8:00 eastern. enjoy american history tv this week and every weekend on c-span3. >> the enemy had come far and fast. reaching out to conquer a world. but his offensives were a thing of the past. the united states army was by now very much in the war. with combat experience divisions in north africa, the jungle covered islands of the pacific, the aleutians where they had wiped out the japanese on attu. now the veterans of the north african campaign had landed on sicily in a drive for the italian mainland. millions more were training in the united states. we were well on the road to the ultimate victory. ♪ ♪ >> in 1940 our army numbered a little more than a quarter of a million men. three years later in 1943, it numbered almost 7 million and would continue to grow to 8 million. but numbers alone do not make an efficient fighting force capable of winning the final victory. an undisciplined and unequipped rabble, even though the cause be just, never won a war aga

and the populist historically, if you look at andrew jackson or fdr, populist usually are people who are against it and want to overcome the constitution, and often are the sparks for a large-scale change for the constitution because they are so interested in achieving their mandates. trump is a different kind of creature i think. trump is a populist politically, but good governance and constitutional conservative. it's not trump, for example, that his critics that have discussed seriously getting rid of the electoral college. it was a large number of democratic presidential nominees who talked about increasing the size of the supreme court from nine to 15. there are trump critics today, at least one columnist in "the new york times" op-ed page who called the use of federal law enforcement in response to the recent disorders as an occupying trump army and declared it a time to call fascism yet. his critics want to have more permanent independent counsels. it concerns the political disputes into the law-enforcement matters who supported the rise of a permanent law enforcement and nati

>> i'd like to highlight two elements of fdr that are not all that well-known . one of them is that fdr favored and this seems almost comic to say today 100 percent tax rate. he thought if you made over a certain amount of money the money should take up the government should take everything and at one point he said why should any american make over $25,000 a year and obviously in his time he didn't mean $25,000 in our purchasing power but the statement itself is revealing. he wanted aceiling or limits on what americans could earn . the other thing fdr did was he introduced the politics of demonizing the rich which has been critical to the politics of the american left. not just the socialists but the democratic party in general and this is worth noting because it's not necessarily a characteristic of socialist countries. look at scandinavia. in the scandinavian countries you will never see people demonizing the guy who's running no kia or demonizing the guy who runs erickson. he's a bad guy, we're going to make him pay lagging finger, bernie sanders indignation,

first, who were hoover and fdr, the political relationships between the roosevelts and kenny families. the portrayal of abraham lincoln and jfk's response to the nuclear arms race and civil rights. watch tonight beginning at 8:00 eastern. enjoy american history tv this week and every weekend on c-span three. ♪ ♪ >> c-span has unfiltered coverage of congress, the white house, the supreme court and public policy events. you can watch all of c-span's public affairs programming on television, online or listen on our free radio app and be part of the national conversation through c-span's daily washington general program or through our social media feed. c-span, created by americas people television company as a public service and brought you today by your television provider. >> this was the europe of 1941. the nazi blitz krieg, had overwhelm fronts, holland, belgium, denmark, norway, and luxembourg. russian armies were in desperate retreat. ♪ ♪ ♪ the german air force was raining death and destruction on england. combined italian and german forces were menacing egypt. their objective to d

on tuesday, herbert hoover and fdr. the political relationship between the roosevelt and kennedy families, the portrayal of abraham lincoln at ford's theater, and jfk's response to the nuclear arms race and civil rights. watch beginning at eight eastern. enjoy american history tv this weekend every weekend on c-span three. >> this was the year up of 1941. the nazi blitzkrieg had overwhelmed france, holland, belgium, denmark, norway, and luxembourg. russian armies were in desperate retreat. the german air force was raining death and destruction on england. combined italian and german forces were menacing. >> their objective? to defeat an opposing british army and dominate all our forces. in asia, japanese air and ground forces were driving forward in their funding conquest of china. he only one of the world's major powers was still not we at war, the united states. it was a sunday afternoon in december 19, 41. the statue of liberty towered serenely over new york harbor. she where the last symbol of freedom left in the cr

fdr had kept that from him.after he was selected to be on the ticket. he then had to make the decision, that fateful decision. going into 1947, greece and turkey were in danger, stalin and the soviets were looking to move westward, and it was harry truman who, after the british sent two notes, two diplomatic notes saying, we are exhausted, we can no longer defend greece, we can no longer defend turkey. harry truman had a decision to make, did the united states go back into their isolationist mode, which we've been in since george washington's farewell address, or did the united states actually create a doctrine, which was a follow-up to the madison -- or the monroe doctrine, and then would actually contain the soviet threat. this is an incredible story of how he did that, how he did that with republican support who were isolationists at the time and did it with democratic support as well. willie, the world we live in right now, the foreign policy structures, whether you talk about nato or whether you talk about,

when his archivist said, do you think she will give them to you, and fdr said, you can never tell what my missus is going to do. which i think is a true statement about eleanor roosevelt. how many of you are members here today? look at that. thank you so much. your support makes programs like this possible. we appreciate everything you do for us. the library is a federally funded institution, but we rely on private donations to allow us to do many nonfederal programs like exhibits and things like that. today we have with us a very special friend and guest. she spent many days here when she was working on the eleanor roosevelt papers for george washington university. which is a tremendous resource. she is now with george mason university down in virginia. she has put together a book that looks at the advice that eleanor roosevelt gave. i think it is amazing how relevant so many of the questions were, even though they are 50 years old. how relevant they are to our society today and the questions we are asking today. her advice remains inspiring and practical at the same time. i think it

first herbert hoover and fdr. and the portrayal of abraham lincoln at fords theater and jfk's response to the nuclear arms race and siflt righcivil r. enjoy it tonight and every weeke weekend. ♪ >>> 24 wthis was the europe of . the nazi blitzkrieg had overwhelmed france, holland, belgi belgium, denmark, energy way. russian armies were in desperate retreat. italian and german forces were menacing egypt. their objective, to defeat an opposing british army and dominate all north africa. and there was a bloody quest over china. only one was stirl nll not at w. the united states. it was a sunday afternoon in 1941 and the statue of liberty towered over new york harbor as if she were the last symbol of freedom left to the crumbling fr free world. afternoon in new york. early morning in hawaii. and another great harbor where american ships were dockside. planes stood idle when suddenly without warning, ♪ >> the immediate japanese military objective was no knock out united states naval and air power in the pacific at a sin

he asked truman only met with fdr couple of times.ut were others in the administration who were closer during the first 80 days of his presidency? in other words the truman get a lot of help from the fdr administration? we do he did. he did. james burns he secretary of state, burns was very pivotal and helped him write his speeches. but really one of the things a lot of historians had said while truman just picked up where roosevelt left and just didn't do much during the war he did a lot. in fact he replace the entire cabinet very quickly general tom clarke, a new -- so essentially he really did create something. but in the beginning yes there's henry stimson, there is james burns, sam rosenman, their young people mostly lawyers that he handpicks. a lot did not have a tremendous amount of political experience after the war ended, the 1940 election comes around its main go to was clarke allowed the speeches is on the campaign trail until truman came around and had no political experience whatsoever. the one that was interesting to hea

in the presidency of fdr and policies he was putting in place. would you elaborate on that traffic i like to highlight to the elements of fdr that are neither all that well known. one of them of course is that fdr actually favored, this is almost comic to say today, 100% tax rate. he thought he made over a certain amount of money the government should take everything. at one point even said, why should any american make over $25,000 per year? obviously at this time it did mean $25,000 in our purchasing power but nevertheless, a statement is revealing. wanted a limit of what americans could earn. the other thing fdr did was he introduced the politics of demonizing the rich, which is been very critical to the politics of the american left. not just the socialist but the democratic party in general. this is worth noting because it's not necessarily a characteristic of the socialist countries. look at scandinavia. in the scandinavian countries you will never see people demonizing a guy who is running nokia or demonizing the guy who runs erickson. he'

first herbert hoover and fdr, the portrayal of abraham lincoln at ford's theater and jfk's response to the nuclear arms race and civil rights. watch tonight at 8:00 eastern. enjoy american history tv on c-span3. >>> c-span has covered every minute of every political convention since 1984. this month's political conventions will be like nono r other in history. watch c-span at 9:00 p.m. eastern for live coverage of the democratic convention starting monday and the republican convention starting next month, august 24th. live streaming and on demand at c-span.org. c-span, your unfiltered view of politics. >>> there is an ancient saying that all roads lead to rome. if that is true, the united states army had taken the longest and toughest road. arriving on the 4th of june 1944, two years and six months after pearl harbor and america's entrance into the war. two days after general mark clarke's fifth army captured the eternal city, general dwight d. eisenhower's forces hit the normandy beaches in a massive amphibious assault. despite bitter german resistance, we built up an enormous beachhe

on tuesday, herbert hoover and fdr. the political relationship between the roosevelts and kennedy families. the portrayal of abraham lincoln at forward theater. and jfk's response to the nuclear arms race and civil rights. watch beginning at eight eastern. enjoy american history tv this week and every weekend on c-span three. the presidents. available in paperback, hardcover and e-book. from public affairs presents biographies of every president. inspired by conversations with noted historians about the leadership skills that make for a successful presidency. in this presidential election year, as americans decide who should lead our country, this collection offers perspectives into the lives and events that force each president's leadership style. to learn more about our presidents and the books features a historian since, visits c-span .org's slash the presidents. available in paperback hardcover and now e-book. we are over books are sold. by winter, 1942, one year after pearl harbor. our army fighting forces were bui

he came closer to beat fdr than anybody did. in his heart he did not want to suffer through losing a presidential election twice. he had to be convinced to run. and so his story becomes very well-known. >> obviously, everyone's thoughts, your book is very clear, everyone thought all of the newspapers predicted he was going to win. not a single newspaper predicted at least none of the major ones. so the media was all in his side. they spent time "after words" one and why they got it all wrong. just like people in the media did that in the 2016 election how do we get that wrong? and polls were just starting that was another element to view, lease or influence. i'm sure they had pulls before that. but they become much more influential. >> just media feels big to us right now, at that time the fact that radio was becoming an banquet is, the communication industry is ramping up. they are extremely powerful. one of them actually wrote in his newspaper call me says i am not going to have polls anymore because it's pointless. why spend

fdr must in one of those difficult people to be married to. he was complicated self but i think she is fascinating. i wanted to do a bark of the some of the most people have heard of, he wrote a few bad victorian homes who was an absolute road come have many affairs, traveled around the world, wrote a diary which was published but his wife got all the bits out that she thought -- >> all the good parts. >> what we would think of as the interesting part but nobody knows about it but i but i once mentioned to a publisher and he said no. they have the weird looking, thinking, you can see them, dollar signs going to the mites and basic know, we just don't think it would sell. they were absolutely right. i don't know if i would do a biography. i'm apprehensive. which it is so collocated and chip to live with the person. >> that's true. >> what someone told me once, a very nice woman i knew who did a biography of the great british father was equally strange who threw up being a british citizen can win up to live in saudi arabia and worked for the sau