collins: i got excited about genetics as a first-year medical student.tric geneticist came to teach us about how genetics was relevant to medicine. and he brought patients to class, and one of the first patients he brought was a young man with sickle cell disease who talked about the experience of sickle cell crises and how incredibly painful those are. and yet, it was all because of one single letter in the d.n.a. that is misplaced, a "t" that should have been an "a." and that was profound. you could have all of that happen because of one letter that was misspelled. >> lapook: the double helix of d.n.a. is made up of billions of pieces of genetic information. what dr. collins is saying is... out of all that, it's just one error in the d.n.a. code-- a "t" that should have been an "a"-- that causes sickle cell anemia. fix that error, and you cure the disease. but figuring out how to do that would take more than 20 years of research... >> ♪ do you remember when we used to sing ♪ >> lapook: ...and a little serendipity. ♪ ♪ dr. collins was playing in the n.i

there are collections of genetic material from old breeds of farm animals. they are very important for research and for breeding purposes. one aim is to combine genes from different breeds in order to reduce the susceptibility to certain diseases. but it's far from certain that epidemics of say swine fever could be prevented this way. german bred mountain cattle are long lived and undemanding. have without complaining or complications for the most part. in the olden days there were no vets just down the road so everything had to just function properly and that's the case here even though it's cold when they have their tops in fabry humans rarely have to get involved it's a great advantage to very healthy. and the ancient celts are believed to have bred these red brown cattle 2000 or more years ago the cattle provide milk and meat and can be harnessed to plough the fields this breed is endangered outdone by modern turbo cows. breeders have been adapting cows to the requirements of industrial farming. new greens have been designed on the drawing board. the cow

there are collections of genetic material from old breeds of farm animals. they are very important for research and for breeding purposes. one aim is to combine genes from different breeds in order to reduce the susceptibility to certain diseases. but it's far from certain that epidemics of say swine fever could be prevented this way. german red mountain cattle are long lived and undemanding. that have without complaining or complications for the most part. in the olden days there were no beds just down the road so everything had to just function properly and that's the case here even though it's cold when they have their cobs in fabry humans rarely have to get involved it's a great advantage to very healthy. and the ancient celts are believed to have bred these red brown cattle 2000 or more years ago the cattle provide milk and meat and can be harnessed to plough the fields this breed is endangered outgunned by modern turbo cows. breeders have been adapting cows to the requirements of industrial farming. new greens have been designed on the drawing board. t

there are collections of genetic material from old breeds of farm animals. they are very important for research and for breeding purposes. one aim is to combine genes from different breeds in order to reduce the susceptibility to certain diseases. but it's far from certain that epidemics of say swine fever could be prevented this way. german red mountain cattle are long lived and undemanding. make have without complaining or complications for the most part. in the olden days there were no vets just down the road so everything had to just function properly and that's the case here even though it's cold when they have their tops in fabry humans rarely have to get involved that's a great advantage to very healthy. wouldn't be ancient celts are believed to have bred these red brown cattle 2000 or more years ago the cattle provide milk and meat and can be harnessed to plough the fields this breed is endangered outgunned by modern turbo cows. breeders have been adapting cows to the requirements of industrial farming. new greens have been designed on the drawing bo

there are collections of genetic material from old breeds of farm animals. they are very important for research and for breeding purposes. one aim is to combine genes from different breeds in order to reduce the susceptibility to certain diseases. but it's far from certain that epidemics of say swine fever could be prevented this way. german bred mountain cattle are long lived and undemanding. have without complaining or complications for the most part. in the olden days there were no vets just down the road so everything have to just function properly and that's the case here even though it's cold when they have their cobs in february humans rarely have to get involved that's a great advantage to very healthy. and the ancient celts are believed to have bred these red brown cattle 2000 or more years ago the cattle provide milk and meat and can be harnessed to plow the fields this breed is endangered outgunned by modern turbo cows. breeders have been adapting cows to the requirements of industrial farming. new breeds have been designed on the drawing board. t

even develop into unique genetic groups of city dwelling animals. urban foxes live among us but make only occasional fleeting appearances there are growing presence in cities and have proven to be highly adaptable. evolutionary biologist sophia kimmage researchers berman's fox population for wild animals the city is a challenging habitat. you have to bear in mind what sort of a habitat the city is it's such an artificial environment miss so much man made him put the foxes have to withstand the light noise traffic i find that fascinating to me through me and. to me has been gathering data on urban foxes for the last 5 years she's equipped 17 of them with a transmitter that allows her to track their movements she's also set up cameras near fox holes in order to monitor the activities of their inhabitants. and i meant message also at the moment i'm trying to find out if they're actually hit. i know they're in the area but it's a wide area so there are lots of folks then and i'd like to know which one they're actually using out the moment but let's not.

that same year, she jammed -- join forces with doudna to re-create the bacteria's genetic scissors in >the crispr technology has already been used to change the dna in the cells of mice, monkeys, other organisms as well. chinese scientists showed they could use the technology to change genes in human embryos. scientists in philadelphia showed they could use crispr to remove the dna of an integrated hiv virus from infected human cells. but this new technology is not without controversy. some are concerned that altering dna could lead to questionable practices, including creating so-called designer babies. >> together with my colleagues, i have called for a global conversation about the technology that i coinvented, so that we can consider all of the ethical and societal implications of a technology like this. >> the pair are the sixth and seventh women to win a nobel prize for chemistry. today, crispr-cas9 is a common tool in molecular biology labs. >> only imagination sets the limits for what this chemical tool that is too small to be visible with our eyes can be used for in the futur

there are collections of genetic material from old breeds of farm animals. they are very important for research and for breeding purposes. one aim is to combine genes from different breeds in order to reduce this is sept ability to certain diseases. but it's far from certain that epidemics of say swine fever could be prevented this way. german bred mountain cattle are long lived and undemanding. they can have without complaining or complications for the most part. in the olden days there were no vets just down the road so everything had to just function properly and that's the case here even though it's cold when they have their tops in fabry humans rarely have to get involved that's a great advantage to very healthy. the ancient celts are believed to have bred these red brown cattle 2000 or more years ago the cattle provide milk and meat and can be harnessed to plough the fields this breed is endangered outdone by modern turbo cows. breeders have been adapting cows to the requirements of industrial farming. new breeds have been designed on the drawing board

if the genetic codes are different, they all caught it elsewhere.l get in touch with us, say what they are looking for, we will get those samples in as soon as we can and within 2a hours we hope to have the answer. is it an outbreak, all the same thing moving around, or have there been multiple introductions from outside where different people have brought it in? they have tested more samples in the east of england than most countries around the world. finding 100 different genetic types or lineages in norfolk alone. most are traceable back to italy, spain and france, not asia. and they have investigated potential outbreaks at a hospital in ipswich and a chicken factory in norfolk. we found that in the chicken factory, all the viruses we sequenced were exactly the same. that meant the virus was moving from one person to another in the factory or within the community that works in the factory. when we looked in the hospital, what we found was that there were multiple different types of the virus, different lineages of the virus in the hospital. they

can be used for in the future perhaps the dream of curing genetic diseases will come true. heard in al-jazeera the top stories on al-jazeera 2 men have been found guilty for their role in a thanks for their role in too many being found guilty for their role in a deadly mass shooting at a nairobi shopping mall in 2013 the suspects have been charged with helping our sabbat fighters launched an attack at the westgate mall in kenya capital a 3rd man was acquitted of judgment comes more than 7 years after gunmen from the group massacred 7 people 67 people talks have been announced in a bid to end the fighting between armenia and azerbaijan that's claimed more than 300 lives foreign ministers from the 2 countries will meet separately with the u.s. france and russia over the coming days have been 11 days of fighting in the disputed nagorno-karabakh region all the french of that are going to be talks on thursday in geneva and on monday in moscow of the minsk group this is fronts russia and the us the group that was set up to try and work out as a solution for nagorno karabakh after

can be used for in the future perhaps the dream of curing genetic diseases will come. your heard in al-jazeera. this is al-jazeera these are the top stories president obama's handling of the coronavirus has dominated the u.s. vice presidential debate in salt lake city mike pence defended the u.s. response when i look at their plan that talks about van suggesting creating new.

how can genetics help archaeologists egyptologists to log on it in its 6 in a 6 is the study of d.n.a. we're very lucky as d.n.a. is a molecule that in tears over the centuries common the problem is it does degrade in a molecule is eternal and i degrades over time the older a personal sample the harder it is to find d.n.a. and there are environmental factors to. a lot. in the case of egyptian mummies like the younger lady which dates from several 1000 years ago is the d.n.a. still usable that it explored it's an extremely harsh climate and not the ideal conditions for d.n.a. preservation so if stairway is there it's surely cut into minute fragments and hard to analyze. but albert sink sounds the young lady was analyzed under the best possible conditions. value of the young lady was playful rich and true and in my view was better to lead this interview with you for many different people one of them bob. on the other hand grave robbers who walk in contact with and finally also the scientists and the archaeologist who have studied their bodies in. it was found so there was a lot of conta

how can genetics help archaeologists egyptologists should look on it in its 6 in a 6 is the study of d.n.a. we're very lucky as d.n.a. is a molecule that in 2 years over the centuries common the problem is it does degrade in a molecule is eternal and i degrades over time the older a personal sample the harder it is to find d.n.a. and there are environmental factors to. hold both. in the case of egyptian mummies like the younger lady which dates from several 1000 years ago is the d.n.a. still usable the export system it's an extremely harsh climate and not the ideal conditions for d.n.a. preservation so if stairway is there it surely cut into minute fragments and hard to analyze them but albert sink sounds the young lady was analyzed under the best. possible conditions. value of the young lady was displaced from their original truth and the market was fed up elated since it to be different many different people one and then bob meet on the other hand grave robbers who look at in contact with family or so the scientists and the archaeologist with their family since it was found so ther

how can genetics help archaeologists egyptologists should look on it in its 6 in a 6 is the study ofd.n.a. we're very lucky as d.n.a. is a molecule that in 2 years over the centuries common the problem is it does degrade in the molecule is eternal and i degrades over time the older a personal sample the harder it is to find d.n.a. and there are environmental factors to. hold both. in the case of egyptian mummies like the younger lady which dates from several 1000 years ago is the d.n.a. still usable then it explored the city it's an extremely harsh climate and not the ideal conditions for d.n.a. preservation so if their day is there it surely cut into minute fragments and hard to analyze. data albert sink says the young lady was analyzed under the best. possible conditions. value of the young lady was placed from the original too and in my view was medical aid that since it to be different many different people one and then bob also prepared to be on the other hand grave robbers who walk in contact with the family or so the scientists and the archaeologist with their family since it

little more of its incredible history every day thanks to the latest scientific technology in physics genetics and computer imaging some riddles from the past and now being solved. one of the biggest mysteries of ancient egypt is the fate of queen after gigi whose name means the beautiful woman as calm as she was pharaoh i cannot in principle wife and some say mother of one of the most famous pharaohs pluton comoving mommy has never conclusively been found so the search for her has. become a holy grail fight egyptologists and feeds the most contradictory theories. of all if you felt out that this folly is actually a definite it was a big moment in our research just what it is all the samples they studied still contains d.n.a. which i find surprising for their children it was a very royal city so it's certain never to be lived here. the proportions of her face are perfect she's probably the parka i want to hear. a team of experts follow the tracers of nephi g.t. to understand how and where she died and why they say gyptian queen has become so legendary. antonio few scanty dr of physics and scie

duda says these genetic scissors are like using a word processing program to fix a typo in a document but there are lots of genetic diseases that you could potentially use this kind of technique to start to try and treat or you can use it to create a little so that we can specifically test out medicines much more easily more effectively the path from discovery to prize has taken less than a decade a relatively short period by nobel standards committee 1st published her findings in 2011 after studying bacteria and how they fight viral infections that same year she joined forces with from the university of california berkeley in the us to recreate the bacteria as genetic scissors in a test tube the crisper technology has already been used to change the d.n.a. in the cells of mice and monkeys other organisms as well chinese scientists showed recently that they could even use the crisper technology to change genes in human embryos and scientists in philadelphia show they could use crisper to remove the d.n.a. of and integrated hiv virus from infected human cells but this new technology is

there are collections of genetic material from old breeds of farm animals. they are very important for research and for breeding purposes. one aim is to combine genes from different breeds in order to reduce the susceptibility to certain diseases. but it's far from certain that epidemics of say swine fever could be prevented this way. german red mountain cattle are long lived and undemanding. make have without complaining or complications for the most part. in the olden days there were no vets just down the road so everything had to just function properly and that's the case here even though it's cold when they have their cobs in fabry humans rarely have to get involved that's a great advantage the very healthy. and the ancient celts are believed to have bred these red brown cattle 2000 or more years ago the cattle provide milk and meat and can be harnessed to plow the fields this breed is endangered outgunned by modern turbo cows. breeders have been adapting cows to the requirements of industrial farming. new breeds have been designed on the drawing board.

the people who got it had their genetic information sequenced. do have very high levels of antibody. with time, the amount of antibody in the blood falls but it does not mean your memory of how to make the antibody has completely gone. it is not like starting from a blank slate each time if you really encounter the infection. we would expect that with time the amount of antibody would fall. that is also important to bear in mind. with a vaccine, many people are questioning and said ifi many people are questioning and said if i cannot become long term immune and cannot make strong antibody response having caught the infection, what response will air vaccine have? it is more nuanced. viruses have various built—in strategy to sidestep our immune response. when we catch a virus, although we do make an immune response it is like dragging a boulder uphill. when you use a vaccine, vaccines are not held back by those sorts of things, give your immune system a kick up the backside and makea immune system a kick up the backside and make a high level of ant

lot to answer we have to look at the process of evolution not just like with living organisms the genetic code that governs how a virus is made changes from generation to generation sometimes in small ways sometimes in big ones the progeny if they survive eventually will become separate strains that are distinct from their common ancestor their genetic code has changed and and that can change how they look at their structure and also how they interact with potential hosts for example whether they can cause more or less severe illness what's key to creating a vaccine is the speed at which these changes occur in viruses like the ones that cause influenza for example which have genomes that are less stable or the rate of change is so rapid and random that we need a new vaccine to fight them every year we have to play catch up with flu bugs all the time fortunately due to the way that sars 2 makes copies of itself its genome remains relatively stable as far as we can tell a worldwide there isn't a lot of genetic variation yet among all the novel coronavirus is circulating in different parts o

a little too complicated to go into but basically they created what's called what everybody calls geneticscissors which which is this molecular tool that allows you to cut d.n.a. and not only cut it but cut it into very specific precise plates which is really everything when you're when you're editing genes you have to cut it very specific specific precise places because otherwise you get off target effects and and not only that but this molecular tool that they came up with is also relatively simple to use compared to older systems we've been able to do this for several decades but the older systems really really clunky. and and imprecise and this is extreme this is the opposite it's straightforward and precise and it's also it's also fairly fairly simple to use that which means that labs all over the world have been able to employ it without investing a lot of money and a lot of really expensive equipment so for all of those reasons and others they've done really well with the nobel prize is supposed to do which is the ridge the original nobel for the greatest benefit to humanity and th

lot to answer we have to look at the process of evolution not just like with living organisms the genetic code that governs how a virus is made changes from generation to generation sometimes in small ways sometimes in big ones the progeny if they survive eventually will become separate strains that are distinct from their common ancestor their genetic code has changed and and that can change how they look at their structure and also how they interact with potential hosts for example whether they can cause more or less severe illness what's key to creating a vaccine is the speed at which these changes occur in viruses like the ones that cause influenza for example which have genomes that are less stable or the rate of change is so rapid and random that we need a new vaccine to fight them every year we have to play catch up with flu bugs all the time fortunately due to the way that sars 2 makes copies of itself its genome remains relatively stable as far as we can tell a worldwide there isn't a lot of genetic variation yet among all the novel coronavirus is circulating in different parts o

wheat other crops such as corn and soybeans have been widely genetically modified to improve your work the stat natural threats. dozens of people have been reported injured in a high rise apartment fire in south korea the blaze in the city of will sonn is thought to have started on a lower floor and quickly engulfed the 33 story building in flames. well here in germany the country's foreign minister has called right wing terror the greatest threat facing the country i call must heed that warning in an interview as germany marks the one year anniversary of a deadly attack on a synagogue in the eastern city of hama a confessed neo nazi failed to bridge the synagogue's front door but did gunned down 2 people outside. on yom kippur the holiest day in the jewish calendar more than 50 community members and guests were celebrating in the synagogue in holland. at midday a heavily armed neo nazi attacked the synagogue he fired shots at the door and threw hand grenades. but the synagogue solid wooden door withstood the attack saving the lives of those inside. among them was max piva hot ski chai

what everybody calls genetic scissors which is which is this molecular tool that allows you to cut d.n.a. and not only cut it but cut it into very specific precise plates which is really everything when you're when you're editing genes you have to cut it in very specific specific precise places because otherwise you get off target effects and and not only that but this molecular tool that they came up with is also relatively simple to use compared to older systems we've been able to do this for several decades but the older systems really really clunky and imprecise and this is extreme this is the opposite it's straightforward and precise and it's also it's also fairly fairly simple to use which means that labs all over the world have been able to employ it without investing a lot of money and a lot of really expensive equipment so for all of those reasons and others they've done really well with the nobel prize is supposed to do which is the ridge the original alfred nobel's for the greatest benefit to humanity and this falls sort of squarely in that category absolutely fascinating cong

argentina has approved a genetically modified drought resistant wheat by biotechnology firm. it is the 1st country in the world to approve a strain of g.m.o. wheat other crops such as corn and soybeans have been widely genetically modified to improve yield or withstand natural rights. cultural news now and american writer and poet luis glick has been awarded the 2020 nobel. for literature a swedish nobel academy praised what they called her quote an mistake a poetic voice she's already won a prestigious pulitzer prize in the u.s. but this honor follows several scandals linked to the world's preeminent literary award here in europe you can spend a long time trying to find a book of poetry written by louise glued on thursday afternoon only a single copy was available at one of stockholm's biggest libraries and in germany the author is currently not published at all yet the 77 year old is an established figure in the u.s. in 2016 she received the national humanities medal presented by then president barack obama clip is an adjunct professor who has taught at yale university sinc

the innovation could aid in everything from plant breeding to one day ridding the human world of genetic disease. jennifer remembers the moment she and her lab associate realized that they had discovered. >> looking at his data and looking at each other and saying wow, if this works, if this really can be deployed widely as a gene editor, this will be incredible. so in that sense, i guess i kind of had a feeling that it was going to be a big deal. >> reporter: but there are also fears the technique will be abused to create genetically engineered designer babies, something that is already happening in china. she says she shares the concern and advocates transparency in genomic editing. she says like all tools, it holds the power to do good as well as evil, but its ability to relieve human suffering is too powerful to ignore. >> human beings now have the ability to rewrite the code of life and that in essentially all organisms, including ourselves, you know, it is quite extraordinary. >> reporter: at uc berkeley, john ramos, kpix 5. >> the breakthrough research was only published in 2012,

lot to answer we have to look at the process of evolution not just like with living organisms the genetic code that governs how a virus is made changes from generation to generation sometimes in small ways sometimes in big ones the progeny if they survive eventually will become separate strains that are distinct from their common ancestor their genetic code has changed and and that can change how they look at their structure and also how they interact with potential hosts for example whether they can cause more or less severe illness what's key to creating a vaccine is the speed at which these changes occur in viruses like the ones that cause influenza for example which have genomes that are less stable or the rate of change is so rapid and random that we need a new vaccine to fight them every year we have to play catch up with flu bugs all the time fortunately due to the way that sars makes copies of itself its genome remains relatively stable as far as we can tell a worldwide there isn't a lot of genetic variation yet among all the novel coronavirus is circulating in different parts of

can be used for in the future perhaps their dream of curing genetic diseases will come true. heard in al-jazeera the sounds of come here on al-jazeera feeling abundance pakistani struggle after witnessing the reigns of washed away everything they have done in sports the canadian teenager already making history in the national hockey league. but. things remain pretty quiet across much of the middle east at the moment loss of hazy sunshine not quite a sunny up towards the caspian sea some think a cloud still in place here say we can still see a few shall is just around the azerbaijan pushing down to wards northern parts of iran what the weather there for tomahawk rationally thin and break more in the west sunshine than showers but the shell is still there nevertheless nature still win just picking up around the gulf so human contact we could well see a little lifted dust and sand temperatures no higher than around 35 celsius lots of dry weather the showers set just towards the western end of the peninsula but of course across central africa the already season take quite nicely

i5 genetics or cultural conditioning the key to understanding human evolution?y guest today, joseph henrich, is a harvard professor whose fascination with human evolution and anthropology has brought him to a radical conclusion — we5tern 5ocietie5 preoccupied with the individual, not the collective, are weird, and the cultural power of the west has 5kewed our view of what is normal. so how much do we humans really have in common? joseph henrich at harvard university, welcome to hardtalk. it's good to be with you. you are now in the middle of a heated debate about human evolution. now, i'm used to thinking about evolution in terms of genetics — darwin's survival of the fittest. you seem to put your focus not so much on biology, much more on cultural conditioning, nurture. am i right? yeah. i mean, one of the unique things about our species is that more than any other species, we're dependent on acquiring large bodies of information from those around us, from the 5ocietie5 we grow up in. and in fact, our brains have evolved to be able to take in and learn how to p

can be used for in the future perhaps the dream of curing genetic diseases will come.ere in pakistan more than 1000000 people are struggling to recover from 2 months of devastating floods the province of sindh has been worst hit people say they've lost everything and they're still waiting for aid charlotte ballasts reports. the rains began in august in the southern port city of karachi they were the heaviest in almost a seam tree they lashed the surrounding province of sindh for 2 months monsoon rains fell on already salt and ground resulting in devastating floods the wood food program and sindh government believe that more than 1200000 people have lost more than 90 percent of their belongings and crops used to go to. 20 families live here and our village has been swept away we haven't received any tents or rations yet now we are under the open skies seeking mercy from god. residents in rule since say they feel abandoned by the government they have been worst hit most families have lost livestock nearly all their crops are ruined and 2 thirds of irrigation infrastructu

how can genetics help archaeologists egyptologists the log on it in its 6 in a 6 is the study of d.n.a. we're very lucky as d.n.a. is a molecule that in tears over the centuries common the problem is it does degrade in the molecule is eternal and i degrade over time the older a personal sample the harder it is to find d.n.a. and there are environmental factors to. the old dog. in the case of egyptian mummies like the younger lady which dates from several 1000 years ago is the d.n.a. still usable there then it explored it's an extremely harsh climate and not the ideal conditions for d.n.a. preservation so if their day is there it's surely cut into minute fragments and hard to analyze them but albert sink sounds the young lady was analyzed under the banner. possible conditions. value of the young lady was placed from your original true and in my view was medical aid that since you'll be different many different people in one and then boss are prepared to be on the other hand grave robbers who get in contact with the family or so the scientists and the archaeologist with their family sinc

lot to answer we have to look at the process of evolution not just like with living organisms the genetic code that governs how a virus is made changes from generation to generation sometimes in small ways sometimes in big ones the progeny if they survive eventually will become separate strains that are distinct from their common ancestor their genetic code has changed and and that can change how they look at their structure and also how they interact with potential hosts for example whether they can cause more or less severe illness what's key to creating a vaccine is the speed at which these changes occur in viruses like the ones that cause influenza for example which have genomes that are less stable or the rate of change is so rapid and random that we need a new vaccine to fight them every year we have to play catch up with flu bugs all the time fortunately due to the way that sars cove 2 makes copies of itself its genome remains relatively stable as far as we can tell a worldwide there isn't a lot of genetic variation yet among all the novel coronavirus is circulating in different pa

. >> police had been sitting on this genetic fingerprint for four decades. >> holy smokes.the big break. >> he's been living there, under everybody's noses? >> this is the golden state killer? >> i just want to tell, buddy, to rot in hell. >> michelle mcnamara was a true crime blogger. >> she was a citizen detective. and a true crime writer. she was talking to her publisher about writing a book that didn't have an ending. >> my interest in crime has personal roots. the unsolved murder of a neighbor when i was 14 sparked a fascination with cold cases. what gripped me was the specter of that question mark where the killer's face should be. i need to see his face. he loses his power when we know his face. >> when i'm puzzling over the details of an unsolved crime i'm like a rat in a maze given a task. the world narrows. the search propels. i felt in the truest sense of the word gripped. i had a murder habit and it was bad. i would feed it for the rest of my life. i considered michelle mcnamara a friend. she impacted the golden state killer case. one way we were able to keep on

a breakthrough and it's impacting the lives of people in the genetic world. kris sanchez is joining us live with more. >> jennifer put her phone on vibrate when she went to bed so she missed the official call and until she got a call from a reporter asking for a comment about the nobel prize she said i'll comment but who is it? she had no idea it was her. jennifer is getting the nobel prize for chemistry along with her partner of germany for developing a way that allows scientists to rewrite dna. this is a development that can be used to help people can genetic diseases. the gene editing allows for the engineering of props to make them better able to adapt a climate change and to adapt for pets as well. she is the first woman at uc berkeley to be awarded the prize in chemistry for work she says started as a curiosity project. >> i think it was immediately clear that having a programmable, easily, you know, deployable system to alter the dna of cells would be really exempti exemption. >> reporter: she adds she is working to make sure that this breakthrough is

a little too complicated to go into but basically they created what's called what everybody calls genetic scissors which which is this molecular tool that allows you to cut d.n.a. and not only cut it but cut it into very specific precise plates which is really everything when you're when you're editing genes you have to cut it in very specific specific precise places because otherwise you get off target effects and not only that but this molecular tool that they came up with is also relatively simple to use compared to older systems we've been able to do this for several decades but the older systems really really clunky ends and imprecise and this is extreme this is the opposite it's straightforward and precise and it's also it's also fairly fairly simple to use which means that labs all over the world have been able to employ it without investing a lot of money and a lot of really expensive equipment so for all of those reasons and others they've done really well with the nobel prize is supposed to do which is the ridge the original alfred nobel's for the greatest benefit to humanity an

wheat other crops like corn and soybeans have been widely genetically modified to improve yield work withstand natural threats. euro next is set to buy the milan stock exchange for 4300000000 euros it says the acquisition will create the largest an european market maker. put to a shareholders' vote in november euro next owns exchanges and capitals across the country. well here in germany the country's foreign minister has called right wing terror the greatest threat facing the country i call mosty of the warning in an interview as germany marks the one year anniversary of a deadly anti-semitic attack on a synagogue in the eastern city of hollow the attacker did fail to breach the synagogues front door but did shoot 2 people dead outside the ws spoken to one woman who was inside the synagogue on that day. the attacker came to the synagogue to the exact same spot i just walked out the exact same door and he started shooting it down. life is now before and after before the attack and happy attack molly scharf men escaped death by a stroke of fortune on october 9th 2019 in the city of ha

sample so it was useful to have me on board to take samples, hopefully make it more efficient for geneticsd interpreting it and, hopefully, learning something useful. talk us through what kind of data you obtained and what the applications are. judy has broken down crate well. we have been running these cruises for 15 years now as part of our monitoring programme for the largest and best manage tuna fishery in the world. it chiefly gathers two kinds of information. the tagging, where either external data tags are put into fish and they are released back into the ocean and then we monitor what happens to those fish via their recaptures from fishes in the future, all the small electronic tags, the size of a double—a battery, that are implanted inside the body of the fish and, in effect, turn it into a monitoring device that records its environment and how it reacts. this data allows us to make direct observations of fishing pressure that is happening on the population of tuna, how they react to their environment. the other kind of group of data that is collected thatjulia was talking group o

the nazis believed that these individuals placed both the genetic -- that is important, a genetic as well as a financial burden on society and the state. and at the same time, according to the nazis, they made no significant contribution to society. so they are targeting institutionalized patients in germany and austria. and in those particularly annexed by the germans, the czech republic. this euthanasia program, you see quotations around this term, because it is not "euthanasia" in terms of a mercy death, which is part of a biomedical debate today, this is a cynical program of mass murder. it is the regime's first program of mass murder carried out against its own citizens. the overwhelming number of people who died in the euthanasia program were german arians, non-jews. this program was before the holocaust by about two years. and just to give you a little background, beginning in october men we will meet in a moment, they initiated a child euthanasia program, which murdered over 10,000 disabled children during the war years through starvation and overdoses of medication. and by 1

the innovation could aid in everything from ng to one day reading the human world of genetic disease. jennifer remembers the moment she and her lab associate, martin, realized what they had discovered. >> looking at his data and each other and think, wow, if this works. if this can be deployed widely this will be incredible. in that sense, i guess i had a feeling that it would be a big deal. >> reporter: there also feels that technique will be abused to create genetically engineered designer babies, something that is already happening in china. the dr. says she shares the concern and advocates transparency. she says, like all tools, it holds the power to do good as well as evil. 's ability to relieve human suffering is too powerful to ignore. >> human beings have the ability to rewrite the code of life. to do that, in essentially all organisms, including ourselves, is quite extraordinary. >>> the break for research was only published in 2012. recent event by snowball standards. many recipients waited decades before having their work finally honored. >>> a new sign popping up in the ho

take an existing virus and scoop out the genetic material, put in some of the genetic material from theirus and using that as the vaccine. they're going back and saying, hey, look, there may be a larger problem. we want to look at previous vaccines not only for the sars but mers in the past and other vaccines they created. we don't have a lot of details yet. we have some early indications from talking to people within the fda that they had larger concerns about this, more than just this one person with these side effects. so we don't know. but you're right. the pause is still in effect here in the united states. >> is that mystery dr. jha, surrounding this unusual? is it unusual that astrazeneca hasn't been more forth coming? should we know why there's this long pause? >> well, the pause is pretty common. pauses like this happen all the time in clinical trials. and the first thing i would say is that this is evidence that the fda oversight process is working. that they're doing the deep investigation that is necessary. you know, people might argue that while we generally don't share the