he sort of disappears off the scene a mean while eleanor roosevelt becomes the public face of the roosevelt name. she starts attending meetings. she joins the women's democratic coalition. she becomes very active and as she becomes more active in this case. she's keeping the roosevelt name alive. so after a few years franklin gradually comes back into the political scene and famously in 1928. he runs for governor of new york becomes governor of new york and at his political careers launched now very few people realize just how physically handicapped he was at that point. he was essentially paralyzed from the waist down and yet he developed a walking style that allowed it to pretend people knew he'd had polio but to pretend that he wasn't that severely crippled next slide, please. now the two of them were incredibly powerful and dynamic campaign when he decided to run for president in 1932 as the depression raised across the country. eleanor was a real strong supporter and a wonderful surrogate on the campaign trail now if you look at this picture, you can see several things that are classic

it was impossible for the roosevelt family to move in there and live with among the telephones. so it was during that period that the west wing was built and then the second floor the white house what we now think of as the residential quarters where you have to be invited up you don't get shown that on the public tour. that developed and the roosevelt's very much are a part of that. eleanor roosevelt is often considered one of the most influential first ladies in american history. how was eleanor's approach to serving his first lady different than her predecessors and how did she shape the role of the modern first lady? well eleanor roosevelt tops all list of first ladies whenever you survey if it's historians and political scientists or if it's readers of good housekeeping everybody puts eleanor roosevelt at the top. of course, we have to remember that she was in there longer than anybody else much longer 12 full 12 years, and she was beginning the fourth when franklin died. but she approached the job. she just enlarged it considerably. i should also say she was in there at a

talking about tonight lady bird and linden the hidden story of a marriage that made a president the roosevelt women and inside the white house. she currently resides in new york city and sometimes although not now in venice italy. welcome betty. thank you very much. good to be here colleen terrific. well, i know our audience is really looking forward to this conversation. so we're gonna have a brief back and forth and then we'll go to plenty of questions from our audience. at the beginning of your book you discussed the role of the early first ladies and how they set important precedents. can you elaborate on those early first? ladies women such as martha washington abigail adams and dolly madison and how they influenced the role. yes, as we know there was nothing in the constitution about what the wife of the president should do. so those decisions made at the very beginning were extremely important and i think the most important one probably was they decision. i don't think any of those three women you named had anything to do with that, but the decision was made that the president's home w

looks at the personal and political partnership between franklin and eleanor roosevelt. here's a preview. so they were a dynamic team with tremendous influence on the american public and the public was fascinated by them this here. they are sitting in the front yard of their home of franklin's mother's home in hyde park new york. it's a it's called springwood. this is where he grew up and really was the center of his life and when you look at this beautiful picture, you can see that rolling hills you can still see much of this landscape there as it exists and one of fdr's closest assistance was a woman named missy the hand margaret missile hand. she had come with him when he first ran for vice president. she was with him through his polio and governor and she became really almost like a chief of staff when he moved to the white house and she took a lot of home movies. so we're gonna look at some of those home movies now to give you a little bit of a behind the scenes look at the roosevelt so we can go ahead to the video. now here he is in warm springs, georgia. actually t

how did he impact the roosevelt library the exhibits were very much what the president what president roosevelt had picked out and wanted to exhibit he wanted his ship models shown as naval prince. he wanted some things. he called oddities that were maybe gifts or other items that that he had acquired and then he also did want to show some head of state or other special gifts that he had received in his exhibit. it wasn't necessarily it wasn't leading your story of his life within the period it was more about these areas of interest. how did the president bush there at the library as the museum as it and as the organization continued to evolve during his lifetime what roland how did he impact her influence what the program was like there? okay, the program the as you know, bill the foundation the bush the georgian barber bush foundation now, they sponsor programming and in a bush was deeply engaged with all that programming often inviting heads of state. to visit the library and had and invited the public to listen to them make talks, texas a&m were located on the campus of course of

the people. for you rather than you lose? okay, president franklin roosevelt. you are famed for your incredible and informative radio broadcast to the american public. what was the goal behind your implementing these incredible and very unforgettable fireside chats? well in the beginning our first fireside chat occurred eight days into my first turn and the united states. facing economic collapse the banking system at all but failed. and so we put through a series of reforms with the congress to put banks on a holiday the shut them down for a few days why they were able to reorganize. and then to eventually add what is now known as fdic federal deposit insurance corporation to guarantee those. i thought it was important that the american public should know what was going on. and so i went on the radio on march 12th. ten o'clock eastern time on nbc and i started by saying. my friends tonight i wish to speak to you about banking. the next 17 minutes i spoke about how our banks worked. why people needed to keep their money in the banks? and apparently the speech wa

the roosevelts, the rockefellers. a lot of celebrities, actresses, rita haworth. lot of writers got divorced here. it was something where people from every walk of life from the most famous to the people who needed to get out of their marriage came here. the process was formal. they took it seriously. they knew that people were counting on this divorce being final and recognized in other states. the process was straightforward. someone would arrive and meet with their attorney. they would have to hire an attorney. a spouse who did not come would have an attorney in their stead. the person who was staying and establishing residency would have to stay in a place where a witness could testify they had seen them every day of that residency period, that they had not left the state. and then when that was up, which at its fastest was six weeks, they would come to the courthouse, often this court room that we are in, and stand in front of a judge and the witness would testify and explain the reasons they were getting divorced and then they would have their divorce. they

vanderbilts, the roosevelts, the rockefellers, a lot of celebrities, actresses like carole lombard, ritaaworth, a lot of writers got divorced here. it was something where people from every walk of life, from the most famous to people who really needed to get a divorce and get out of their marriage came here. the process for divorce was very formal. they took it very seriously here, because they knew people were counting on this divorce being final and being recognized . the process was very straightforward. someone would arrive and they would meet with their attorney right away. they would have to hire an attorney. a spouse who did not come would have to have an attorney and their stead appearing on their behalf. the person who was establishing residency would then have to stay in a place where a witness could testify that they had seen them every single day of that residency period, that they had not left the state and had been here the whole duration. when that was up, which was at its fastest at six weeks, they would come to the courthouse, this courtroom we are in, stand in front of

. >> sunday on the presidency, the director of the franklin d roosevelt presidential library and museumd clinical partnership between franklin and lenore roosevelt. -- eleanor roosevelt. here is a preview. >> they were a dynamic team tremendous influence. the public was fascinated by them. this front yard of franklin's mother's home in new york, it is called springwood, it is where he grew up and it was the center of his life. when you look at this dutiful picture, you can see the rolling hills and you can see the landscape there as it exists. one of fdr's closest assistants was a woman who came with him when he first ran for vice president, with him through polio and as governor. she was like a chief of staff. she took a lot of home movies and we will look at one of those now. here he is in georgia. this is in the backyard of springwood. you can see eleanor knitted, she knitted constantly. it was a way she could be productive. franklin was enormously intelligent and absorbed a huge amounts of information, even when he was on vacation or at home. they came out to springwood a lot. he wo

the other is douglas macarthur. and roosevelt who would become president march of 1933 went on to to explain and i quote here. far beneath the surface of american life given the stress of economic collapse in the threat of public disorder. he felt there was a latent sense that democracy had run its course that the totalitarians had a point that some measure of liberty would have to be sacrificed to strong leadership. all there was lacking was a familiar figure of the man on horseback. a symbol for the fascist minded among americans to rally around and who better qualify for this role? who came better equipped with charm tradition and majestic appearance than douglas macarthur? we must tame these fellows said roosevelt and make them useful to us. and of course this came for the man who would become president in march of 33 and be president for 12 years. now macarthur retired as chief of staff of the army in 1935 he stayed in the army, but he was sent by the president and it was roosevelt by this time to the philippines. to essenti

the first volunteer cavalry. when we came to be known as roosevelt rough riders. i was a ragtag mix of new york socialites, harvard graduates and western cowboys that i had mentoring my time in the west in the dakota badlands and further into arizona. we participated in the assault on the santiago heights, as well as capitol hill and sandhill. which was quite the undertaking. now, i served as a lieutenant colonel and i was made bona fide colonel before the assault. it was a war that many historians would consider to be an active american aggression or imperialism. but like president washington said during his term, the only way to see preserve the pieces to be ready for war. >> very interesting. yes. so, while both president theodore roosevelt and president george washington served in instances of combat, both president lincoln and president franklin navigated conflict at home and abroad as president, it tasks. so, president lincoln, before we discuss your role in the war between the states, can you define for us what it means one as the seeds from the union and in

the legislation. franklin roosevelt was the one who had the political savvy and popularity to make things happen. and eleanor was the one who could popularize these ideas. the two women were friends. they loved each other as allies and often fierce rivals and often jealous of each other. at the end of their lives, though, there's a wonderful picture of the two women at the 50th anniversary of the triangle shirtways fire. and you can see the affection they had for one another despite whatever tiffs they had over the years. >> do you think that the book brings any new research to the history of that period? >> i'd say the things i learned in my research were probably news to most people is really what a huge role frances perkins played in all aspects of the new deal. she'd sort of gotten erased out of new deal history. you'll now see whole new deal history books including some taught in colleges that mention her three or four times, five times. that's extraordinary. i also found out teddy roosevelt was the person who actu

talk about president biden as a man thing from the biden white house or a new economics is he the the roosevelt of the modern era. well i think i think to some extent yes that that is yes this is actually focused on the low end by this hope is that the low end folks will actually get out and spend and supportive i think one thing i like that i know you've been interested in the talk is that this man sheer will actually have the biggest impact on child poverty of any measure since roosevelt since the new deal so i think the answer is that people at the low end very this is very focused on people a lot and in some sense what's interesting is that the republicans voted against it but it's actually really popular amongst republicans who are going to benefit from it so we have a very interesting political thing where you vote against the interests of the people who vote for you so i think it's i mean it's the most popular measure we've seen in a very long time so the answer is this is something focused on the low ain't going to impact relatively poor people help states help schools focus on real thi

announcer: learn more about the roosevelt sunday and it acquired p.m. stern, 5:00 >> texas recently experienced severe winter weather, needing to a breakdown of the electric grid and widespread power outages. next on reel america, we take you to the mid 20th century for several films about electricity and the power grid. first, freedom and power, a 1952 general electric film marking the company's anniversary. it shows how the power grid works and argues that electrical heat, cooling and appliances have made life easier for everyone. in about 30 minutes, made in cooperation with the u.s. health service, clean waters is a 1945 general electric film document and the health and safety concerns with water pollution and offering treatment as a solution. in about an hour, 24 hours of progress, a 1950 american petroleum institute film showing the oil industry at work during the course of one day. demonstrating how oil generates electricity and powers airplanes and cars. the film also promotes oil-based products such as plastic. in about 90 minutes," clean skies,

the legislation. franklin roosevelt was the one who had the political savvy. eleanor was the one who could popularize these ideas. the two women were friends. they love each other as allies of a lifetime due. they were also fierce rivals and often jealous of each other. at the end of their lives, there is a wonderful picture of the two women at the 50th anniversary of the triangle and their heads are bent in close to each other and you can see what's sincere friendship and affection they had for each other, despite whatever little tiff they may have had over the years. >> yes, thank you very much for writing the book. it's an issue that needs to be brought forward now. do you think the book brings any new research to the historiography of that period? >> i would say the things that i learned in my research that are probably news to most people is really what a huge role frances perkins played and all aspects of the new deal. you will now see new deal history books including some taught in colleges that mentioned her thr

can you describe the roosevelt's thought processes leading to the roundup of japanese american citizens made perhaps this isn't as finest hour. i wonder what your thoughts are on that. well, you know, it wasn't like roosevelt did that all by himself and is as you saw in the film there was a lot of propaganda even dr. seuss did a lot of propaganda against asian americans japanese americans in particular. there was a huge economic issue at stake here. i mean, my grandparents owned 14.25 acres or owned 14.25 acres in san jose and they were very successful farmers like other japanese americans, so there was a lot of competition from the food food growers associations and other economic interests. also the media is you know today plays a big role in terms of creating false narratives and the news had a lot to do with it. newspapers and the reporters so it was very easy in my mind for for roosevelt to slip into this mindset, but from my research it was clear that president roosevelt was a racist he had many racist feelings against japanese americans. i think a lot of times a lot of that is no

joining us to discuss this, the director of progressive thought at the roosevelt institute. , talk to us about this shift. the fed is no longer just going to look at you three, it's going to want to see other signs of tightening labor. how historic is that to have a federal reserve that is that explicit about the goals on full employment? >> it's remarkable and is a really important shift. same way congress learned from the mistakes of 2009 and 2010, the fed is learning from their mistakes and their overcautious behavior where they acted as if unemployment couldn't get much below 4.5%. turned out unemployment got below 4% for two years. notably, the things that aren't captured are things like wage compression. they want to go back to that under powell. romaine: when you talk about the other headline rates, do they open themselves up to cherry picking data? or that they are being too biased with some factors over others? >> i think that right now all the data speaks from a different direction, how tight is the labor market and how high-pressure is it in terms of economic activ

with us, nobel prize winning economist, columbia university professor, and chief economist for the roosevelt institute. serv as chair of the council of economic advisers under president bill clinton and as chief economist of the world bank. speaking to us from puerto rico. when we come back, we will air a shocking report from inside yemen and the world's most devastating humitarian crisis and speak with the correspondent. stay with us. ♪♪ [music break] amy: "juvanescence" by yasmin williams. this is democracy now! i'm amy goodman. the world food program is warning yemen is heading toward the biggest famine in modern history. the u.n. agency is projecting around 400,000 yemeni children under the age of five could die from acute malnutrition this year as the u.s.-backed saudi war and blockade continues. we turn now to a shocking new report from inside yemen by cnn's award winning foreign correspondent nima elbagir. a warning to our audience, the video contains disturbing images. >> the derelict coastline of the north of yemen telling a story of war, blockade, devastation. for years, the houthi

for the first time. roosevelt describe rights. okay fdr on the single sheet. he'd already make up his mind and the brief discussion was over. the meeting lasted only 10 minutes out of this came the national defense research committee. this would be the organization that would oversee the atomic bomb. that would oversee the developments in radar at mit that would oversee the proximity fuse and 200 other devices and medicines like penicillin. so using a and it was set up in a very interesting way. they use the world war one era statute that only required the approval of roosevelt's cabinet. and it had some unique features initially it reported. well, actually throughout the war bush reported directly to fdr. not through the usual military channels. so that was unusual. also at the beginning it drew its funds directly from the executive from roosevelt's emergency fund. so really early on it was immune from congressional oversight after pearl harbor getting money from congress was not a problem, but early on he didn't even have to skeptics saw the formation of thi

the press is not a new thing. think about. let's go back to franklin roosevelt and his famous fireside chats or even earlier before he was president when he was governor of new york he would use radio to circumvent the republican newspaper editors of new york state think about that president complaining the press of two republican you get the opposite today, but so i think tv a radio was initially a way to circumvent the press and get your message out then later tv became that way your eisenhower is the first person to president like president president televised, press conferences. kennedy is the first to do live press conferences. eisenhower's were taped and i think these presidents saw an opportunity to get directly to the people later other technologies included talk radio, especially as president tried a republican president tried to repeal the conservatives and then in more recent years twitter, i don't think it's that the cat is out of the bag i think twitter is going to forever be a tool that presidents use to communicate to the people, but there will be

if you think about it the film technology it begins the time of roosevelt's presidency. he was larger than life. so for 15 years, he was one of the most famous people in the world. and he was most film person in the world. and i think he cultivated that larger than life persona, with his western trips. he would go out west, and there is the once where he punch the guy who called before eyes. and he definitely magnified his role in the spanish american war, with the rough riders. but he was a smart politician, and he knew how to magnify himself. so he would look better in order to attract people. but teddy roosevelt most favorite form of culture was reading. he would sometimes read three or four books today while he was president. and roosevelt would pick up a book and start reading his somebody walked into the white house. roosevelt was always reading books. he probably read more than any other president. >> a question from bill. do you think now that the twitter cat is out of the bag, will we ever get it back in, or will we consider we continue to see presidents by passi

edwina: the painting was of merrick cash and it's one of my favorites. he gave it to roosevelt, who i believe gave it to his son. it went down to various places and my friend norman who lived in new york bought the painting from the roosevelt and then it went down through his family. a wonderful painting. quite often, i've been involved with my sister and putting on shows of churchill paintings and we have had that painting in quite a few shows, including in washington and new york and various places. it is well viewed by the world. i suppose it is a happy time now. the truman painting, i did not really know about. tim: it's interesting because the painting he gave to harry truman was a copy of his own copy of the painting he gave to fdr. i know that you grew up with that painting, clifton, didn't you? clifton: i did. i'm going to start by picking you guys up and turn this -- there, on the wall, over my mantle is the second merit cash. that's a copy of the painting's are winston gave to my grandfather. my mother sold the painting more than a decade ago in new york at sotheby's

the first few months of hipresidency? >> well, i think he knew -- he knows as franklin roosevelt knew, that the first few days, few months are going to be critical to what happens. and what's so impressive is that he has inherited a franklin delano roosevelt. we talked a few months ago with urgency and it's only gotten worse with the border, with the shootings, with the republican opposition. and i think he's got the discipline of a classic politician in the roosevelt mold, but like roosevelt, he has the extra added dimension of empathy. both men suffered, you know, unspeakable loss. at 39 years old, fdr was stricken with infantile paralysis but was able to lift us up as he could not stand unaided. is so, too, we're familiar with joe biden's losses. they sort of settle into cliche and we forget what a decent person he is, but also, how disciplined. we're all certain that he would go off the rails on the press conference, and he didn't. >> the fact that republicans are trying to make it more difficult for people to vote, i mean, they say it's about security of the ballots. it's really based on the lie that the president to

military in the world and roosevelt got the nobel prize after help to broker the peace deal.peace making power and 1890 to the end of the term. we alternate between these polls. what's the right strategy for joe biden or the biden administration, on my own view formulation of committee. you know, the world does work better for americans and for others when the u.s. is deeply engaged in global efforts, world health organization, paris climate accord which president biden has rejoined. the big problems of our planet are not problems that know borders, so, coronavirus, ref fee issues, climate change. there are big, big problems that can't be solved with robust assertions of sovereignty of 170 nations. there has to be a cooperative spirit. look at how we use space these days for telecommunications, not just defense, but exploration, radio satellites. well, not everyone can put everything up in space without running into each other and unless there's some cooperation to figure out how to do that. >> i couldn't find a parking lot in d.c. without a satellite. >> exactly, right? >> y

there are strands of the roosevelt family, of the churchill family, of the bush family that would not have affected american history. and to me, a film lover, one of the great sadnesses, there would have been no "casablanca" because humphrey bogarts a howland as well. when we brought the ship home from mystic museum, some of the crew had portrayed john howland, and they talked about what it was like to be aboard the ship under sail and to be in the riggings, to be working the ropes, and then suddenly have these insights. they saw themselves, as the ship was moving, how the ropes were moving, and the three young men talked among themselves and said, yes, they could see how if a ship is in dramatic water, the rope spills over and that's what it's doing in the water with john howland. the power of museums is we are experimentals. we experiment in archeology, meaning we try to recreate the work of the past, and in that recreation, we discover something about those people that came before us. and so sailing this ship gives us insight into the original 1620 voyage. and the restoration bring

she was labor secretary for the entire roosevelt years. she was one of those people who saw the triangle fire with her own eyes. she had been in that she lived in the neighborhood and came running to watch it. and at the end of her life she said that the new deal which we now know to be the most important and influential domestic event. of the 20th century the new deal began on the day of the triangle fire. so that's why it's not just publishers hype but actually true when we talk about this book as the story of the fire that changed america. i'll field questions after dan talks and he's going to take us up for the next 20 years of new york history. thank you very much. i'm delighted to be here and i'm a special delighted to be on the same panel that david is on. his book is an important book has that virtue of an important book that tells a story which is what we all try to do. mine is a very different story. i could not be writing about people who are more radically different from those who are involved in david's in the story of the tria

we were part of this event at the 2019 roosevelt reading festival in the presidential library and museum in hyde park, new york. >>> now, my

house, the president and the vice president were only able to gather with a few other staffers in the roosevelts final vote in the house today. ron klain, the white house chief of staff, telling the other senior officials this morning over a zoom meeting that in ordinary times, they would gather together to have watched this vote, but obviously they are not normal times. michael beschloss, quickly, the final thought to you, the next 250 days, what do they look like? >> you're dealing with a situation, again joe biden is the last person to say he's fdr, but you're dealing with problems that are almost as difficult. you're dealing with not only the pandemic and the problems of the economy, but, you know, joe biden knows he has to deliver and begin to make progress on the racial problems in this country. he spoke eloquently about that last year. he has to deal with a lot of kids who are still at home from public schools, and democracy is in jeopardy. we now know from january 6th, there's a lot of groups that would like to see our democracy wrecked. part of a president's jobs is to defend the const

this is a feat that is not matched today by our current presidents paul is the director of the franklin roosevelt library and museum before the fdr library. he was the

so it happened basically is a philip randolph was convinced by the roosevelt administration to call off march, which is exactly what they did. and in response to that there were promises made that after the war were going to really take a hard line on civil rights. which they did, of course it franklin roosevelt did not live to see that. what he did live to see what he did do was executive order 8802, which played a fair employment practices commission. there's a lot of things we can say about that. the most important thing is this, that required that if you got a defense contract during the war, there a lot of defense contracts going around. everybody wanted a defense contractor k customer kissimmee if you get when you cannot segregate your factories. and that was huge. that was not actually largely enforce. who's not huge in terms of desegregation the south although some, a couple were desegregated. but it was the promise of the federal government coming in and saying segregation in the southern states is wrong. we are not going to do business with companies that have segregation or c

see pictures there in the roosevelt room of the white house and there was a question here earlier from the mexican president if the u.s. would help the neighboring country with the covid-19 vaccine. the president said we'll talk about it but white house press secretary psaki said, no. the priority is getting the vaccinations here in the u.s. wolf? >> jeff zeleny, thank you. >>> joining us now thomas frieden. thank you so much for joining us. let's talk about the johnson & johnson vaccine, the third coronavirus vaccine distributed in the united states. what are the advantages of this shot compared to the other two and how quickly will we see l i? >> first off, it is more good news. nobody thought we would have three great vaccines today and we do. what we're seeing is that the j&j vaccine has been 100% effective preventing serious illness and death. it is one more tool in the tool box to fight covid. the benefits are that it only needs routine refrigeration and only a single shot and it's less expensive so a lot of benefits there and the big picture is it expands the supply and we'll se

there are strands of the roosevelt family, bush family that would not have effected american history. and to me a film lover, one of the great sadnesses, there would have been no "casablanca" because humpfry bogart was a hallen as well. some of the crew were living history educators who had portrayed john hallen. and they talked about what it was like to be aboard the ship undersail and to be in the rigings, to be working the rooms and sudden have these. and they were moving. the three young men talked among themselves and said, yes, we can see how the ship is in dramatic water, that's what it's doing. the power of museums is we are experimentals. we experiment in archeology. meaning, we try to re-create the work of the past. and in that re-creation, we discover something about the people that came before us. and so, sailing the ship, gives us insight into the original 1620 voyage. and the restoration brings the ship closer to the original 1950s vision that william baker hadded for the ship. it's been newly boused. so, the ship rides differently than it has since 1957. it gets us clos

next on the presidency paul sparrow looks at the personal and political partnership between franklin and eleanor roosevelt that captivated the nation and transformed how the federal government interacted with the american public. mr. sparrow director of the franklin d roosevelt presidential library and museum in hyde park, new york shares roosevelt home movies that give a behind-the-scenes look at the couple the national archives foundation provided the video then in about an hour we hear from historian betty boyd caroli who talks about the nation's first ladies. our featured speaker. today is paul sparrow. paul wouldn't have a job today and frankly neither would i if it wasn't for franklin roosevelt who created the national archives by signing legislation in 1934. he subsequently opened up his presidential library while he was still in office. this is a feat that is not matched today by our current presidents paul is the director of the franklin roosevelt