john mcmanus. dr.cmanus is the curator's distinguished professor at university of missouri in my home state of missouri. he is the author 13 books including "fire and fortitude: the u.s. army in the pacific war, 1941-1943." this book 18 2020 prize for military history. it is the first in a trilogy, the second coming out later this year. i think you can expect to see john here in person, or virtually, when he is on book two or, and at our november conference, november 18-20, 20 21. so, ladies and gentlemen, students and scholars, it is my pleasure to hand the screen over to dr. john mcmanus. dr. mcmanus: thanks so much, my old friend, jeremy. very excited to be here. i wanted to perhaps give context to our topic today, artillery, and give what i hope is a proper introduction to our remarkable speakers today. when you think about artillery in world war ii, the first thing to bear in mind is, it is the biggest casualty inflicter of the war. something on the order of 50 plus percent casualties in world war

john mcmanus heads up an association of fishermen who advocate for sammon and ecosystem protections.does a herculean effort like this mean for the salmon population? >> actually, in the short term this gives us hope and we're happy they're moving these fish. but it's also a very sad testament to what's happening with our rivers in the middle of this state. >> reporter: what's happening to california's rivers first became a concern nearly a century ago, when dams were built to distribute water to crops in the central valley. damming is believed to have destroying as much as 95% of salmon habitat. hatchries have helped make up for some of the loss. but this year's drought means they now have to make up for all of it. >> salmon are the canary in the coalmine. they're a proxy for many other species in the environment that also rely on the very same water, the very same environmental conditions to survive. so when salmon are going down, many other species are going down. >> reporter: to prevent the tiny fish from become a buffet for sea birds, release sites are rotated. these were freed a

john mcmanus reports.in their national shirts, but friends and club mates after the final whistle. england's ben chilwell and mason mount were seen interacting with scotland's billy gilmour at the end of the match at wembley, and it's understood they spent more time chatting in the tunnel. gilmour�*s now tested positive for covid—i9. he'll miss scotland's must—win game against croatia tonight. and chilwell and mount are in doubt for tonight's outing against the czech republic, as they self—isolate as a precaution. none of gilmour�*s team—mates will be doing the same — a fact which did not escape england coach gareth southgate. i don't want to cause a drama for scotland, but if you're all in the dressing room together, where does everything stand? so, it's... yeah, i don't know, is the honest answer to that. our medical people are dealing with all of this. after monday's results, england are guaranteed a place in the last 16 of euro 2020, but will go through as group d winners if they win against the czech

john mcmanus reports.opponents in their national shirts, but friends and club mates after the final whistle. england's ben chilwell and mason mount were seen interacting with scotland's billy gilmour at the end of the match at wembley, and it's understood they spent more time chatting in the tunnel. gilmour�*s now tested positive for covid—19. he'll miss scotland's must—win game against croatia tonight. and chilwell and mount are in doubt for tonight's outing against the czech republic, as they self—isolate as a precaution. none of gilmour�*s team—mates will be doing the same, a fact which did not escape england coach gareth southgate. i don't want to cause a drama for scotland, but if you're all in the dressing room together, where does everything stand? so, it's... yeah, i don't know, is the honest answer to that. our medical people are dealing with all of this. after monday's results, england are guaranteed a place in the last 16 of euro 2020, but will go through as group d winners if they win against t

. >> reporter: john mcmanus heads-up an association of fishermen who advocate for salmon and ecosystempopulation? >> in the short term this gives us hope. we're happy they're moving these fish. it's also a sad testament to what's happening with our rivers in the middle of the state. >> reporter: what'sap to california's rivers first became a concern nearly a century ago when dams were built to distribute water to crops in the central valley. damming is believed to have destroyed as much as 95% of salmon habitat. hatcheries have helped make up for some of the loss, but this year's drought means they now have to make up for all of it. >> salmon are the canary in the coal mine. they're a proxy for many other species in the environment that also rely on the very same water, the very same environmental conditions to survive. so when salmon are going down, many other species are going down. >> reporter: to prevent the tiny fish from becoming a buffet for seabirds, release sites are rotated. these were freed at night beneath the golden gate bridge. we followed our school of fish as they were