and appropriately enough, mrs. nixon eventually seemed to settle on what was called the midi dress, m-i-d-i. so it was short, medium, and long. and the question of how short pat nixon's dresses were for a brief time did become one of public speculation and kinds of a point of cultural reference. one magazine looking at some of the dresses that she was seen in, and trying to exam exactly what the length of her hem was. in fact, it was while her daughters were shopping in thork for a wardrobe for the 1968 campaign -- in new york for a wardrobe for the 1968 campaign that mrs. nixon complimented her daughter, julie, when she tried on a -- a green mini skirt. and it was in the showroom of a designer in new york at the time called vincent minion. of course the nixons at the time lived in new york. and julie told her mom, why don't you try it on? because they wore the exact same size. from the best we could find, that is how it is that mrs. nixon came to try the mini dress. she also adapted another style that actually started -

and appropriately enough, mrs. nixon eventually seemed to settle on what was called the meaty dress, (music) m-i-d-i so, it was short, medium, and long. as to the question of how short pat nixon's dresses were, it did become four bhutan, one of public speculation and kind of a point of cultural reference. when magazine looking at some of the dresses that she was seen, and trying to examine exactly what the length of her him was. in fact, it was while her daughters were shopping in new york for a wardrobe for the 1968 campaign that mrs. nixon complemented her daughter julie for -- when she tried on a green miniskirt and it was the show room of a designer in new york at the time called vincent mignon and the nixon's, of course, at the time 15 new york. and julie told her mom, why did you try that on? because they were the exact same size. so from best we could find that is how it is that mrs. nixon came to try the minidress. she also adopted -- adapted another style that actually started, or is believed to have started in

it was then perhaps no accident that mrs. nixon appeared at that state of the union address wearing a warm sweater suit for the first time in public. in the spring of 1974 pat nixon made a trip to several south american countries and she began wearing some of the new blends as she liked to call them, the noncrushables of synthetic fabrics that allowed her to travel more easily without concern for wrinkles in the clothing and, again, that was also a reflection of a popular trend at the time, polyester blends, cotton blends, but those were most in evidence on that trip and the series of appearances she made. appearances that she made. in june of 1974, the first lady accompanied president nixon on a trip as first lady to saudi arabia, and she chose as was her prerogative to not wear a head covering. and while there was a little criticism as commented on in the american press, what it had the effect of doing was setting an american precedent that all first ladies subsequent to pat nixon who went to saudi arabia also chose not to wear a

. >> he acknowledges that what the transcripts say is, as mr. nixon puts it, at variance with what he told the american people on other occasions. >> rumors of president nixon's imminent resignation swept washington and the world today. >> president nixon reportedly will announce his resignation tonight. >> i, gerald r. ford, do solemnly swear that i will faithfully execute -- >> office of president of the united states. >> the office of president of the united states. >> and will, to the best of my ability -- >> and will, to the best of my ability -- >> preserve, protect, and defend. >> preserve, protect, and defend. >> the constitution of the united states. >> the constitution of the united states. >> so help me god. >> so help me god. >> congratulations, mr. president. [ applause ] >> my fellow americans, our long-national nightmare is over. i have not campaigned, either, for the presidency or the vice-presidency. i have not subscribed to any, partisan platform. i am indebted to no man, and only to one woman, my dear wife. i have not sought this en

mr. nixon's past problems.and spend 100 percent of my time on the problems facing the american people as a whole. and the only way to do that was to pardon mr. nixon, get all his problems out of the white house so that my concentration could be on the economy, diplomatic problems, military problems, including how we can end the conflict in vietnam. there were some in the congress who said that i have made a deal with mr. nixon in order to become president and return, i would grant him a pardon. that was a total, inaccurate fabrication. the only way that i could put it on the record, under oath, was to respond to a request by the house committee and the judiciary to go up to capitol hill and lay out the facts. so, at the request of the chairman of that committee and the chairman of the subcommittee, i went up to capitol hill and testified under oath that there was no deal, that the decision was made strictly on what was best for the american people. >> on the third floor of the white house, it is a husband and f

. ♪ ♪ >> mr. nixon told the crowd the soviets and the state of alaska were only 40 miles apart.said the two nations must work together to break the ice between them, one of the most effective moments in mr. nixon's remarkable tour of russia. ♪ ♪ >> follow us on social media at c-span history for more this day in history. >>> watch book tv now on sundays on c-span 2 or find it on-line any time at booktv.org. it's television for serious readers. >>> up next, this 1942 u.s. department of agricultural film promotes victory gardens and provides instructions to help citizens grow their own fruits and vegetables at home during world war ii. ♪ ♪ >> on this farm in the rolling hill country of northern maryland, rallying to the call for more food joined the growing army of victory gardeners. this is dad holder. he helps with the heavy work. mother, well, she helps with most everything. grandpa holder, he says the only honest way to get peas is to work for it. brother is in the army, but dick 14 years old takes his place. and this is jane, just 16. grandpa and dad always kept garden plans

mr. nixon recommended to claudette's parents that they get this young black lawyer to represent her, when she was arrested. and i did. at that time, i thought this was a good opportunity for me. this was my first civil rights case. but, i now have to raise all of these issues in this case before judge hill, who was the judge of the juvenile court of montgomery county. and i raised these issues. they had charged her with being a delinquent and assaulting an officer. because when she was arrested, she did not voluntarily just walk off. they almost had to drag her. she did not resist and she did not fight back. but the judge listened to me. ,but in the final analysis, he found her to be guilty, found her to be a delinquent and placed her on supervised -- on unsupervised probation. i was ready then, because i knew alternately we were going to change the laws and were going to have to go to court. i was prepared to do that. i am not sure the black community was quite ready for it. there were some pe

but first i want to go and talk to mr. nixon because he got you out of jail. i wanted him to know that i'm going to be representing you. i went from her house to mr. ed nixon's house. i told him about my conversation with ms. parks, told him that we needed then to -- i was going to go and talk to joanne robinson to see if we at this time would try to get the community involved, so we would have mrs. parks case one the one hand going on, the community involved, and i left to ms. joann robinson's house. it is getting pretty late now on december 1st and early december 2nd. joanne and i sat in her living room and made the plans for what we later called a protest and what people called a bus boycott. what we concluded in her living room that night and early morning was one, the community needs to be involved in it; two, that we need to try to get the community to as a protest so that the montgomery community of black and white will know that we're serious, having to stay off the buses at least for a day, as a protest, meet at a church and decide where we go from the

nixon, so mr. nixonommended to claudette's parents that they get this young black lawyer to represent her, when she was arrested, and i did. and at that time, i thought this was a good opportunity for me. this is my first case, but i now have to raise all these issues in this case, before the judge who was the judge of the court of -- the juvenile court of montgomery county, and i raised these issues, and they had charged her with being a delinquent and in assaulting an officer because when she was arrested, she didn't voluntarily just walk off. they almost had to drag her. she didn't resist, and she didn't fight back, but the judge listened to me, but in the final analysis, he found her to be guilty -- found her to be a delinquent and placed her on unsupervised probation. i was ready then because i knew ultimately we were going to change the laws, we were going to have have to go to court -- we were going to have to go to court, and i was prepared to do that. but i'm not sure the montgomery community, t

mr. nixon's remarkable tour of russia : :

. ♪ ♪ >> mr. nixon told the crowd the soviets and the state of alaska were only 40 miles apart.he two nations must work together to break the ice between them, one of the most effective moments in mr. nixon's remarkable tour of russia. ♪ ♪ >> follow us on social media at c-span history for more this day in history. >>> watch book tv now on sundays on c-span 2 or find it on-line any time at booktv.org. it's television for serious readers. >>> up next, this 1942 u.s. department of agricultural film promotes victory gardens and provides instructions to help citizens groth

kent state shootings the year before and subsequent national student strike, after all of that, mr. nixonsaid " business as usual." i felt so dejected i guess, because it seemed like all this effort was put forth, and yet it was not getting through. host: i'm going to stop at that point. lawrence roberts? guest: one of the enduring questions of this time is to what extent did the antiwar movement, the vietnam antiwar movement stop the war, shorten the war, constrain the military? historians debate this. it is hard to say what would have happened if there was no antiwar move it. there is no question if you listen to the nixon tapes and if you study the johnson administration as well, there is no question the antiwar movement, domestic opposition to the war constrained the military from doing more intense options, more serious invasions of north vietnam, of using more weapons of war, potentially using tactical nuclear weapons, which was on the table at one point. there is no question that the antiwar movement was at least partly responsible for lyndon johnson's decision not to seek another

mrs. van buren, just past the chandelier on the left. the green room, in the nixon administration. it was decided that, the furniture from mrs. kennedy's time, was not the strongest pieces with very high ceilings, and it was replaced with furniture made by the new york workshop of duncan five. that was about 1810. these wonderful chairs that you see in the upper right, she acquired a set of four of those. and they were perfect to be added to the collection. and also in contrast, that great five style in the upper right. and will chair in the lower left. but this is a curators delight. and you take the back panel of the upholstery, it was inscribe by the upholsterer. and this was five, october 1811. and most furniture does not that get that much curatorial information. so this is the third set of changes, since mrs. kennedy's time. the silk morey fabric, has survived each case. but it's been considered a key element of the room. nixon era furniture, has been kept but we have some new we have a new rug and some new upholstery fabrics. what you see, in this picture in the lower left pa

mr. nixonho one year ago, his name was mud but today he is the white haired boy around the white house. this will naturally cause trouble with mr. nolan of california because both men are young, ambitious, and aspire to be president of the united states. host: 365 columns a year. mr. ritchie: radio, every sunday night. television was sporadically. late in his career he did not quite make the transfer. a lot of radio reporters just could not move to this new form of radio, as they called. he was also giving lectures, traveling constantly giving public lectures. the cover of the book is pearson working late at night. he worked all hours of the day and night. he learned to sleep on trains and planes and wake up and work. he would write the weekend columns during the week. he was not necessarily writing on those days but his family said pretty much every day he was doing some kind of work and it was a grind. but they also had younger reporters he hired for low salaries to go out and walk the halls

now, i don't know mr. nixon any more than what i've read in the newspapers. such a thing as organized crime? >> i have no knowledge on the subject. w toe sarvey keitel! ♪ ♪ ♪ ( applause ) ♪ ♪ ♪ ( applause ) ♪ ♪ ♪ >> stephen: thanks for being here. >> you're not ed sullivan. ( laughter ) okay. >> stephen: harvey, you've had an amazing career. the movies i named, of course, also "taxi driver" "the piano," "smokes, "your variety of your "national treasures." named, of course, because it contains national treasure harvey keitel. now, how did you first get interested in acting? >> well,s , i was working for te city of new york at the time. it was like out of a kafka novel. i was a city employee, and this very handsome greek guy i worked with, said do you want to see about acting lessons? and i said okay, you know. so i was just out of the manner corps, like just a couple of years at that time you. >> stephen: had been in the marines, and what were you doing for the city? >> i was a court stenographer for the city. >> stephen: a court stenographer. >> yeah. he takes

kent state shootings the year before and the subsequent national student strike, after all that mr. nixon said business as usual. and i felt so dejected, i guess, because it seemed like all this effort was put forth, but yet it wasn't getting through. >> i'm going to stop at that point. lawrence roberts? >> yeah, one of the enduring questions of this time is, you know, what -- to what extent did the anti-war movement, the vietnam anti-war movement stop the war, shorten the war, constrain the military in the war. you know, historians debate this because, you know, it's hard to say what would have happened if there were no anti-war movement. i mean, i think there's no question if you listen to the nixon tapes, if you look at the documents, if you study the johnson administration as well, there's no question that the anti-war movement, the domestic opposition to the war constrained the military from doing more intense options, you know, more serious innovations of north vietnam. of using more, you know, weapons of war, of even potentially using tactical nuclear weapons which was on the table

mr. cox wins a court order demanding the president surrender the watergate tapes. nixon has one week to comply or appeal to the supreme court. monday, october 15, nixon and his chief of staff, alexander hague, come up with a scheme. cox can't have the tapes, but he can have an edited transcript to be prepared by 72-year-old senator john stennis. he can ask for no further evidence. cox cannot accept the proposal as friday's 5:00 deadline draws near. a showdown seems inevitable. 5:00 comes and goes with no word from the white house. finally, cox gets a call at home from nixon's attorney general elliott richardson. cox cannot have the tapes and he must not seek any further information from the white house. saturday, october 20th. fearing the president will get away with an obstruction of justice, cox makes a difficult decision. he will hold a press conference and explain the implications of the case to america. in making his point, he uses a prophetic example. >> a president can always work his will. you remember when andrew jackson wanted to take the deposits from the bank

mr. wiley, the distinguished chair man under president nixon and carter serving both republican and democrat from 1972, 1977 and shared from 74 to 77 so that is the chairs. we welcome them here today. >> i willl add my thanks for the lovely introduction. certainly to the chair man for being here today. they've had an incredible impact on over 30 years the first question is aboutis the digital divide. i thought by now we wouldn't be talking about the digital divide anymore. but i thinkal we still are. i certainly got to see this firsthand in my new job with the court system. you know, the courts couldn't be closed. we have a few constitutional rights that need to be protected, victims that need protective orders, adoptions that need to continue, and of course the recovery courts dealing with the huge impact of the opioid epidemic and continuing to ensure people can get services that they need. so, we actually had courts in tennessee, if you can believe this, that had one bit of service. we were able toer go in and it doesn't do a lot of good to give people with laptops and assume licenses if

nixon resigned. let's move on to this one. about mrs. ford's involvement with the e.r.a.. i dina and elaine ask, your mother was portrayed in this week's episode of macy's america on hulu, it's the story of the women's movement. the show about the i.r.a.. do you what you remember about your mother's role in -- was there any reluctance to get involved in this we did she just dive in? >> no, she really dove in. i mean, she did her research, i'm not going to say she didn't do a research but the pros and cons to stepping out. i have not seen the hulu show yet. so, i can speak about that. but, let's remember, i mean and, you know, she wanted a female on the cabinet and she got karlyn hills. who did -- she would've liked which he can get much you can whisper her sweet nothings into his ear so she want to feel and she lost a few but, you know, she just felt really strongly about it and there was no turning back. >> and she continued that for many years thereafter. here is another question. this question reads when instead, i'm in american history teacher from tucson, arizona, my

nixon resigned. let's move on to this one about mrs. ford's involvement with the era. edina asks your mother was portrayed in this week's episode of mrs. america on hulu, that's the story about the women's movement and phillip schaply. what do you remember about your mother's role in -- was there any reluctance to get involved in this or did she just dive in? >> no, she really dove in. she did her research. i'm not going to say she didn't do her research and the pros and cons to stepping out. i have not seen the hulu show yet so i can't speak about that, but let's remember, ann, you know she wanted a female on his cabinet and she got carla hills who did a fabulous job. she would have liked a female supreme court justice but she didn't get to win that one. so, you know, the advantage she had was she had him at pillow talk in bed late at night when she could whisper sweet nothings in his ear. so she won a few and she lost a few, but, you know, but she just felt really strongly about it and there was no turning back. >> and she continued that for many, many years thereaft

mr. ford's life before and after his presidency detailing how his approach to human rights factored into foreign policy and how environmental issues influenced domestic policy. he also reflects on president ford's pardon of richard nixon in light of current political events, the gerald r ford presidential museum hosted this hour-long program. reflection technical assistance good evening. welcome

nixon. so i thought it was a reasonable ask. in fact, i went to the republicans, mr. brady who was the chairman of the ways and means at that time, and asked him if he would like to do it with me so it was non-partisan, get a lot of the nonsense out of way and he laughed at me. that's exactly what he did. but the fact of the matter is we knew this is where it was going. we studied it very carefully. the part of the code is 63.01. when the ways and means committee or senate finance committee on finance or the joint committee asks, it doesn't say may or can or will, shall give those tax returns to the appropriate committee. so, finally, the justice department, and it is a different justice department, thank god. the justice department said that there is reason, we have given good reason in order to do that. we're not snooping. this is part of our oversight responsibilities. no person is above the law, not any congressman, any senator or the president of the united states. the oath is very clear. it was created after the famous tea pot dome scandal in wyoming where in 19

mr. mad ham chairman. good afternoon, dr. hicks. madam chair, i ask unanimous consent to offer these reports into office, one from president nixon owes task force on racial disparities in the military. >> without objection, so ordered. >> thank you, dr. hicks. under the vanessa guillen act that's been introduced, and let me preface this by saying that i've served as a commander in the army at two less. i served as a jag. i've advised commanders with court-martial meeting authority and i understand the importance of the punitive articles and the procedures, non-judicial punishment in the military form of military justice to maintain good order and discipline. in in this act they return awol, malingering, inshored nation happened they it is there the right it -- the fining facility fight. can you explain the department's thinking why those are not sufficient tools to maintain good order and discipline for a commander? >> congressman brown, we have not looked -- as i have said, we have not looked at this issue set. we looked very broadly and very deep hi on sexual assault and sexual harassment. we have not taken on, and there aren't stu

mr. mad ham chairman. good afternoon, dr. hicks. madam chair, i ask unanimous consent to offer these reports into office, one from president nixon owes task force on racial disparities in the military. >> without objection, so ordered. >> thank you, dr. hicks. under the vanessa guillen act that's been introduced, and let me preface this by saying that i've served as a commander in the army at two less. i served as a jag. i've advised commanders with court-martial meeting authority and i understand the importance of the punitive articles and the procedures, non-judicial punishment in the military form of military justice to maintain good order and discipline. in in this act they return awol, malingering, inshored nation happened they it is there the right it -- the fining facility fight. can you explain the department's thinking why those are not sufficient tools to maintain good order and discipline for a commander? >> congressman brown, we have not looked -- as i have said, we have not looked at this issue set. we looked very broadly and very deep hi on sexual assault and sexual harassment. we have not taken on, and there aren't stu

mr. ford's life before and after his presidency detailing how his approach to human rights factored into foreign policy and how environmental issues influenced domestic policy. he also reflects on president ford's pardon of richard nixon in light of current political events, the gerald r ford presidential museum hosted this hour-long program. reflection technical assistance good evening. welcome to the ford presidential museum. my name is joel westfall and as my honor to serve here as the deputy director and welcome you on behalf of the archivist of the united states. we're very pleased to have you with us for tonight's program. tonight our future speaker is scott kaufman. who was a francis marion university board of trustees scholar and chair of the history department where he teaches american diplomatic and military history here in this doctorate at ohio university the other ohio university. in 2014. kaufman was awarded a ford presidential foundation research travel gap. much of the research for this book that he wrote came from the archives. and manuscript collections of the ford library and ann arbor and he is grateful also for the assistance from president ford's son steve. he is the author coauthor and editor of