and the head of the maritime transport research group at the university of plymouth. welcome to the program. let's begin in new castle 1st. we just color as i understand it, the most simple way of describing this global supply chain is the fact that it works on this kind of last minute principle. the idea is that with frictionless borders, with a all the supply chain working at once, everything gets to the shops, everything gets the stores just in time, nothing has stockpiled. and for that, for decades, that system has worked for the most part. but now with the pandemic and with briggs it and with say, shortage of workers, those that last minute principal is being really test it. is it still working? is it still the best way? i think the whole principle of just to time production and delivery, it's bugs in certain settings and it doesn't buck another setting. and it's really important to distinguish between the 2. so just in time, of course has good benefits in times all that is evidence approach. it has everything to be done, but it's a good quality. no cause, no time