of and i give you a case in point we talk about this in our book cooperation and coercion the johnstown city tax. this is johnstown, pennsylvania back in the 50s. it was decimated by a flood and so pennsylvania said, okay, we're going to put a tax on alcohol and the proceeds from this tax will rebuild johnstown after the flood and of course the tax generated lots of money in the rebuilt johnstown, but once johnstown was rebuilt the tax didn't go away. we still have the tax today. in fact to date pennsylvania has collected. for revenue from that tax to rebuild johnstown six times over and the tax will not go away because once government gets attacks it likes to hang on to it. professor davies you write in your book the essence of government is force. yeah, yeah, the essence of government is forced when when we wrote this book what motivated it was. we look back through history and what we notice is any time humans come together to do anything. they organized themselves either according to principles of cooperation or principles of coercion in principles of cooperation mean what it means you c

to be 35 degrees colder in boston than they were yesterday. 29 degrees colder in new york city, 24 in johnstownhat brings in the snow ahead of the front, atlanta today, you're going to be 77 80 in montgomery but behind the front 10 degrees colder in chicago. tulsa, 29, dallas, a 29-degree temperature difference back there, and then you can see these cold temperatures stretching 10 to 20 degrees below average from minneapolis, cincinnati, buffalo, boston, but look down to the south, richmond, charlotte, and charleston all warmer than average looking pretty good, but temperatures stay cold right through the weekend. >> good morning. i'm meteorologist kari hall. it's still very cold out there, but temperatures are headed for the upper 50s for today with a mostly sunny skych we will see a few more clouds moving in tonight, and that will keep our temperatures from dipping as cold as it is this morning, but we're still looking at some freezing valleys in some spots, and then we're headed for the low 60s for friday afternoon. the weekend is looking pretty nice with our inland temperatures reaching int

accomplishments was serving the community as the first democratic woman to be elected to the johnstown security council. from -- city council. from there she served as an appointed member of the johnstown housing authority and the war memorial authority. her role as a public servant continued when she was elected by council to serve as deputy mayor of johnstown for four years. outside of her role in politics, martha was a faithful member of st. benedict parish where she served in a variety of roles. she was always giving back to the community serving as a member of the salvation army advisory board. she also served on the bottle works board, a member of the american associate of the university of women, quota club, the pennsylvania school of retirees. her impact on the johnstown community will not be forgotten. my prayers will be with her family and friends. thank you, madam speaker, and i yield back the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: pursuant to clause 1-c of rule 19, further consideration of h.r. 4521 will now resume. the clerk will report the title. the clerk: union calendar number 170, h.r. 4521, a