in hong kong, andrew leung is china affairs analyst and chairman of andrew leung international consultants. welcome to the program. the new strategic concept embraced by nato, does it reinforce the sentiment among the russians that nato romance a threat to their country? vladimir: yes, and that was not moscow's choice. nato was not like it was in 2010 when there was a summit. at that time, russia was named as a partner. the present summit in madrid somehow could be called historic because to my mind this is a turn to the new cold war. the west and the nato countries are a direct threat to russia's security. hashem: you get a sense in the new blue print that nato is concerned about the potential of the chinese military cooperation with russia in the near future and this explains why they are adding china as a security challenge for the alliance. theresa: the language is systemic challenge and i think there is negotiation among the members and what type of language to use. summit european countries have big investments in china. i would say what clinched it for many people and countries was