to reduce security threats. in that report we recommended the drug are of fps document the assumption and sources used to develop the cost estimate each recommended security measure. as of august of 2022 fps has taken steps to address the recommendations in part by updating its directives and manual for conduct needs assessments. we are now in the process of analyzing with fps actions are fully responsive to our recommendations. next fps data indicate security recommendations are generally not implemented as the chairman mentioned and show between fiscal year 2017 and 2021 fps made more than 25,000 security recommendations at 5000 federal facilities. these recommendations range from physical vulnerabilities to ensuring policy guidance documents. furthermore fps data shows it did not receive a decision as to whether agencies approved or rejected more than half of the 25,000 security recommendations. the data also shows agency's approval of the recommendation does not necessarily mean it will be implemented. 6800

our homeland security has convergeled with our broader national security. those who wish to harm us exploit the openness that defines our modern world. they do so through trade and investment flows, through the rapidly evolving technologies that connect us and through information spread around the world by the click of a mouse. homeland security, as we thought of it in the wake of 9/11, safeguarding the united states against foreign terrorism, today has new meaning. russia has a wider range of tools to use against its perceived adversaries than it did 20 years ago, all of which has the capacity to create harm here at home. we know the potential for russia to execute cyber attacks aimed at undermining our economy and our critical infrastructure, and to execute information, influence operations, designed to exacerbate societal friction, sew discord and undermine public trust in government institutions and in our democracy. these tools are not limited to russia. china has both the capability and intent to challenge the rule-based international order, leveragin

security operations. fps deployments, for example, have helped in securing federal facilities during protests and housing units for migrants in the southwest boarding region. as a final point, staffing is also an important consideration as f bs continues to have shortages. in june 2010, when fps was in the cybersecurity and infrastructure security agency, we reported the fps had difficulty obtaining the needed staff. fps had not field 20% of its authorize possessions, including about 200 law enforcement positions. we're currently conducting work on these changes. onsince fdr's move to the management directorate and how they are collaborating to address fps staffing shortages. we expect to release an issue on this work by the end of 2022. chairman correa, ranking member meijer, and members of the subcommittee. this concludes my statement, i'm happy to answer your questions. >> thank you very much, i want to thank all the witnesses for your testimony and i'll remind the subcommittee that each one of us has

security and our broader national security. and we are certainly focused on that heerks particularly in defending our democratic institutions project where we are focused on promoting the reinvigration of civic education here at home as an imperative for our broader national security. secretary mayorkas knows very well the ways in which the mission to ensure the security and resilience of americans, of our institutions and of our economy here at home is part and parcel of our standing and our security on the global stage. his personal journey, fleeing communist cuba as a child with his parents, and his professional experience, including as a federal prosecutor prosecuting international terrorism, have given him a unique perspective on these issues. secretary mayorkas brings more directly relevant experience to this role than any previous secretary of homeland security. having led a d.h.s. component, the u.s. citizenship and immigration service, and, importantly, having served as deputy secretary of homeland security where i got

border security is national security.nd secretary mayorkas's management of the crisis in the southern border has threatened our national security. with less than one week before title 42 expires which will accordingly exacerbate the situation at our southern border. it's time for us to find a dh secretary that can take care of the situation. thank you. >> a now welcome former acting immigration director, tom homan. >> good afternoon. i'm tom homan. i was the ice director under president trump. look, i've been at this immigration enforcements in 1984 -- since 1984. that's when i joined the border patrol. i climbed the ranks to be the first acting director of ice actually came up to the rings. i understand border used to be on the department of justice after 9/11. they put me on dhs. i have worked for five attorney generals. i have worked for nine secretary ies of homeland security. i have worked for six presidents. starting with ronald reagan joe biden, mayorkas is the first president and first cabinet official that came i

security measures. and perhaps also create, again a common understanding on how to resume series arms control conditions and negotiations. but unfortunately, the offer was not taken up and it's a vest. nato did not seem to be publicly interested, but frankly also from the russian federation. i did not really a sense of urgency, you know, to kind of go back and try to reinvigorate this arms control architecture. so that was, i think, my lack of interest to all the relevant stakeholders. and this was frustrating and look at the same is true for the other example that i wanted to address. and that is it means agreements. you know, that i tried to deal with the conflict in the, in the don't boss. and i think of course, be far from perfect, but they would have re present the blueprint to resolve at least the conflict in the don't boss. and partly, bob fit the exception of a relatively short period of time. i think that was never at the same time, at a genuine political commitment on either side to take a dec

a secure border is national security. this week has been a very typical week for us in south texas.our border patrol agents elon, the ones who dedicate their lives to protect us, they are not receiving the support they need missing ministration. and that is one of the top things i've heard from a foreign border patrol agent. that is across the southern border. there's a lack of action from the dhs leadership. they are dressing the border patrol morale. our border patrol agents are understaffed, now provided with the resources they need to succeed, and they are spending time processing asylum claims that of doing the job they signed up to do. tragically, in the last week, to border patrol agents took their own lives. they left behind families and created a hole in their community. question number one, secretary mayorkas, the historic level of illegal alien apprehensions and crossings anti border all combined with the limited resources and personnel to handle the large influx of migrants. that has caused a steep decline in morale among the border patrol workforce. a no other departmen

and is here today to talk to us about the convergence of homeland security, that a broader national securityainly focused on that here nat csis and in our project we are focused on promoting the reinvigoration of the civics education, here at home and as an imperative for our broader national security and he knows very well the ways in which the mission to ensure the security and resilience of americans, of our institutions, and every economy, here at home in part and parcel of her standing, and our security on the global stage. his personal journey, clean communist cuba has a child his parents as professional experience including is a federal prosecutor capturing international terrorism and here's the department of homeland security have given him a unique perspective on these issues. sec. mayorkas brings more directly relevant experience to this role than any previous secretary of homeland security. having let it dhs components, thee u.s. citizens novation services, reportedly having served as deputy secretary of homeland security where i got to knowto him or got to see firsthand, his succ

security will be an order. the committee's meeting today to receive testimony on worldwide threats to homeland. without objection the, chair has authorized to declare the committee in recess at any point. good morning, today the committee is holding its annual hearing to examine worldwide threats to the homeland's. we are pleased to have secretary homeland security alejandro mayorkas, fbi director christopher wray and and cpc director christine abizaid. two years ago that committee convened its worldwide threats hearing during some of the e darkest days of the pandemic. last, year the panel testified for the committee and the immediate aftermath of the attack on the u.s. capitol. no matter the circumstances, the committee in the american people have benefited from the witnesses frank assessment of the threats facing the homeland both foreign and direct domestic. more than 20 years after the terrorist attacks of september 11th of 2001, 20 years this month since the department of homeland security was established

but my point is a lot less interested in security at the end of the day and rushes primary issue is security. go ahead, ma'am, right indeed, and i want to where you left off in saying that the very rationale behind the beginning of the special military operation. i know people have a lot of understandings are not entirely clear what exactly you know, being asked if the patient in transitioning with to put it in very kind of terms. russia, the what it did to produce favorable security outcomes for itself and it's near rod when and then the security outcomes in the last few years. we're not cheap enough in russia's favor, so whatever to love, whatever sholtes were, micron have to say about whether, how it russia should be engaged. there's got to be this idea in mind that the, the security outcomes for russia should be engaged in their st calculation. and thinking, and here i think a lot of people in moscow have all are including in foreign policy domain and then for policy making circles are very skeptical about how serious and independent of policy makers, micron shows are at the end of the d

did your time in the committee on world food security take on board that the most successful food security operation can be made by copying? perhaps the chinese communist party. why it's actually my experience before the see about when i was a diplomat living in china. i got 1st hand to witness the way the chinese work. and if you go back to the late seventy's after the cultural revolution shall hang, introduce market reforms, which actually input private sector and the profit motive into play, which is what help drive china's rather remarkable experience and bringing that many people out of poverty. so yes, china is a member of the sea of china's active in the f, a o as you know, in fact that the director general, the fios is chinese. and so their experience does bear on, on, on everything from research and science to i know, the way the global system and trade works. no, don't tell turbine clearly because you get the fun. i mean you are unesco as well. you saw how that the money dried up on, on that one. obviously the kind of private sector increased involvement in the market reforms in

security measures. and perhaps also great. again, a common understanding on how to resume series arms control conditions and negotiations. but unfortunately, they offer was not taken up and it's a vest. nato did not seem to be publicly interested, but frankly, also from the russian federation. i did not really a sense of urgency, you know, to kind of get back and try to reinvigorate this arms control architecture. so that was, i think, my lack of interest to all the relevant stakeholders. and this was frustrating and look at the same is true for the other example that i wanted to address. and that is it means agreements. you know, that i tried to deal with the conflict in the, in the don't boss. and i think of course, being far from perfect, but they would have re present the blueprint to resolve at least the conflict ended on boss and partly, bob vicky exception off a relatively short period of time. i think that was never at the same time, at a genuine political commitment on either side to take a dea

do so well on food security, take eritrea. i mean, you must deposit your desk at the committee for world food security. no error trays, not one that i've dealt with very often. they weren't active it, but i do know read as much as i can on, on the region. it is a particularly vulnerable country and particularly with what we're seeing as a result of climate change. and i know you're interested in sanctions, issues in the politics around that. and the fact of the matter is a much larger number of people are suffering and impacted by climate change. we're not addressing it in way. it needs to be addressed either in the you and framework convention. the cops. us one held not far from eritrea, and jermel shake. we have to take it seriously. the continued use of fossil fuels at the base of our agricultural systems is leaving. it's very vulnerable. you've seen the horn of africa, droughts, or any millions at risk at the locus infestation. all the changes that are manifested in this type of, i know that, i mean the britain has just an

no one has the right to ensure their security at the expense of the security of others, but nato's eastwarddespite uh, all these uh declarations approved at the highest level by all members of the osce, uh, and then already in 2010 again - the same with our like-minded people, who also did not lose hope for salvation. and the osce , at the astana summit, we managed to adopt another declaration at the highest level, which stated that security should be equal and indivisible, that yes countries have the right to choose alliances, but at the same time they have no right to do nothing to strengthen their security at the expense of weakening the security of others. another very important statement in that declaration. it was stated that no country and no group of countries have the right to claim an exclusive role in the field of security in the euro-atlantic area. as you can understand your all follow the developments in europe in recent years, nato violated all these obligations nato expansion created direct threats to the russian federation because the military infrastructure close to our bor

security.spite all the incantations that uh were taken within the framework of political declarations, and we are now waiting, we are reaping the fruits of this absolutely not far-sighted uh, erroneous policy, the spirit and letters of the basic documents of the osce. trampled and the osce was created at one time for a common european dialogue. now i have quoted to you the goals put forward by both the west and the osce chairmen this year and last year. eh, everything. it raises tough questions about, uh, what our future relationship will be like, but even, perhaps more important is the question of what will be clear to the osce itself, what, what, if and when at some point in time, our western neighbors will not get away from the neighborhood, our western neighbors and former partners. if they suddenly become interested in somehow restoring joint work on european security, then restoration will not work, because restoration means returning to something that was before. but, as usual, there wil

about the operational security. when you think about operational security, your think more about your changing your own behavior in order to mitigate the damage. so for example, i'll use a certain type of device for certain types of communications that are on higher risk of getting intercepted. then i'll separate that from my personal life. these considerations often help much more than say, buying hardware which are regarded as more secured me. when the internet 1st emerged, the hope was that it will become a new free space to everyone. today it's largely controlled by big companies and government agencies. if we're going to safeguard our privacy, we need to learn how to protect ourselves from. the problem is that no major political force has managed to articulate the vision for what the digital world might look like. wait, not run by this, either on the imaginative firms who can only think of selling advertising madness as the level of public organize the entire system. what we cannot conceive of infrastructures t

well, russia, paradoxically, really brazenly took this place in the security council without being ader in the democratic world or a fighter for democratic values, without being a fighter for peace different missions, she never ended wars, she only started them, er, russia was never the economic leader of the world in order to have a strong position, a strong word in the world, and actually all these factors are very paradoxical from the point of view of the presence of russia in the security council and they must be resolved , of course we understand that there are not many opportunities there and that this is not a very narrow corridor and that our diplomats should go in order to achieve at least some partial concessions from other countries, namely russia it is the main barrier to this, at least before that it was, but judging by the position that is demonstrated today not in the ministry of foreign affairs, judging by the position of the president of ukraine and the office of the president, i think that today is probably the biggest a chance in ukraine to achieve this diplomatic

definition of security for the west here. but it just opposed to that, i mean, the more they get tight security wise, the more they follow how far out economically in that is that is a tension. and that is really, really good. can you just address that for 30 seconds? i think it's, it's very unfortunate the geopolitics kills economy all over the world with very certain token of it in well, what you can, both of them can continue on the same trajectory, or there's going to be some kind of tension, some kind of break. there are gentlemen, i'm going to jump in here. we're going to go to a short break. and after that short break, we'll continue our discussion on some real new statements. ah ah ah, lisa canter, russian state control narrative. i've started as i phone and ignore some scheme div us. mm hm. the american house southland sent me equal in 55, will be paid. okay, so mine is to farm speaking with we will van in the european union, the cremeans community up machine estate aunt rush up to date and school r t spoke neck. giv

council, the authors of the resolution, congressman vkontakte, wilson heads the commission on security and cooperation in europe, also known as the helsinki commission notes that in light of russia's unprovoked invasion of ukraine and the ongoing war against ukraine, russia's presence in the un security council violates the goals and principles of the united nations, the resolution calls on the administration to begin working through the state department and other agencies with allied partners and other countries to limit , suspend or terminate the rights and privileges used by the russian federation in the un security council in accordance with the united nations charter natsii kondra also calls for consideration of the historical legitimacy of russia's membership in the security council . but we would like to revise it because they can block any efforts of the un to establish peace, which is one of the main functions of the organization and the reason for its creation earlier on october 12, the authors of the resolution sent a letter to the us secretary of state anthony blinkino urgi

definition of security for the west here. but it just supposed to that, i mean, the more they get tight security wise more they fall out, fall out economically. and that is, that is a tension that is really, really going to address that for 30 seconds. i think it's, it's very unfortunate that geopolitics kills economy all over the world these days . and. ready creating conflict, this is a very certain token of it. yeah. in, in. well, what you can, both of them can continue on the same trajectory and then there's going to be some kind of tension, some kind of break your heart gentlemen. i'm going to jump in here, we're going to go to a short break. and after that short break, we'll continue our discussion on some real new stables. ah, ah, the balkan conflicts been simmering for some time or so that she was a sub scott, a. l. damian's demanded the cause of a subs changed car license plates. in other words, they recognized cost of either if you for the wrong with grade refuse because of a is serbia. so discriminating against ser

states forms in security where may have the cuban missile. ready crisis and you have to look at what are the former president gorbachev said, and because he was the architects with our agreements between the old soviet union and the laser. and he said a, you may not humiliate a country and expect prayer to be no consequences of the cause. there are consequences. good miss bachelor pamela, we've really heights in russia, which is what's been happening now, but it's as though these agreements we had, ah, the helsinki, the, this, the structures we have in place to reduce tension. i have been totally ignored, as, as he said. and the voice is for peace, are shut down and a, one of the objectives of nation nato is see supposed to be to protect freedom. but there's a freedom in the, in the west at the moment about our free and open debate each or this whole issue. and this is really impressive, di countryside conflicts with russia, ukraine, and it really isn't. so we all have to look at our interest in the countries points, again, there's no strateg

the definition of security for the west here. but it just supposed to that, i mean, the more they get type security wise more they fall out, fall out economically in that is that is a tension. and that is really, really good. can you just address that for 30 seconds? i think it's, it's very unfortunate the geopolitics kills economy all over the world with this is a very certain token of it in, well, what you can, both of them can continue in the same trajectory. or there, there's going to be some kind of tension, some kind of break your heart gentlemen. i'm going to jump in here. we're going to go to a short break. and after that short break, we'll continue our discussion on some real estate with our team. ah, our ah wish it was their land to begin with and then it was part of their original reservation. and it was somewhere in the 1920s that they lost oak flat. but it's always been considered sacred to that a but altogether within this resolution copper project area, there are approximately $800.00 archaeological sites that woul

united states wanted security where may have the cuban missile. ready crisis and you have to look at what are the former president gorbachev said, and because he was the architects with our agreements between the old soviet union and the navy. and he said a, you may not humiliates a country. and it's spec prep where to be no consequences. and of course there are consequences and mismatch they pima really heights in russia, which is what's been happening now. but it's as though these agreements we had, ah, the helsinki, the, the, the structures we have in place to reduce tension. i have been totally ignored, as, as he said. and the voice is for peace, are shut down. and a one of the objects is of gratian, nato is, see supposed to be, to protect freedom. but there's a freedom in the, in the west at the moment about our free and open debate each or this whole issue. and this is really impressive night, i countryside conflicts with russia, ukraine, and it really isn't. so we all have to look at our trust and the countries point of view. there's no str

our forces, the security crows in kharkiv region turned many pages of old history , maybe the russian army did not know that it was capable of fleeing so quickly, leaving all its positions, the weapons of its soldiers and collaborators, the occupiers fled, although they had an advantage in this direction in terms of the number of armed vehicles of the soldiers, but our soldiers had and there is another great advantage, a more significant advantage in determination , the advantage of the strength of our land under our feet, such an advantage of ukrainian soldiers, we are strengthening powerful weapons. for the first time, we have such a weapon, heimers and crab harpoon and nasams bayraktar howitzer m-37k caesar bushmeister ariste krotal and i i have now named only the wild s- of these dozen types of the best weapons in the world that our soldiers already have or will have. thanks to our partners , we have already managed to liberate more than 1,800 cities and villages of ukraine from the occupier, i thank all the states that help us defeat the russian side on the battlefield and i will

of it found security and the expense of security of others, however, and later expansion to the east continued the gloves. regardless of all these, the corporations. this new booth and jaws are the top level a by all v, but if it item selects big, you smoke, then in 2010, those would together with your thumb like minded. com, tracy, who always didn't luthier hope to save. sure. the you always seem, lucille mean, for we managed to adopt and as of the corporation of the top level of principles move with the world accordingly and pronounced that security should be equal and indivisible. it's that countries have the right to chew the lines of new role, but as a thin time, we have no ride bluetooth was to do anything whatsoever to strengthen their security as a expense of weakening the security fathers food levels. another important fe linda was contained in santa claus region. no contract, no group of countries have his right and school teacher to claim an exclusive joe in the field of security in the euro, trans christian. as though he would understand you are all following the little s

the aspen security forum hosts. watch at 9 r 9:30 eastern on c-span2, online at c-span.org or with our free mobile video app, c-span now. >> there are a lot of places to get political information, but only at c-span do you get it straight from the source. no matter where you're from or where you stand on the issues, c-span is america's network. unfiltered, unbiased, word for word. if it happens here or here, or here or myrrh that matters, america is watching on c-span. powered by cable. >> host: this is max cohen, he is a congressional reporter with the organization punch bowl news joining us to talk aut

i understand that this is an unrealistic task as long as russia is in the un security council. well, for that, there is now an emergency session of the 11th emergency session of the general assembly and if such a decision is adopted by two-thirds of the votes of the members of the organization, it will be adopted. that is, it interrupts any cycle of the security council, that is, if there is a decision to create such a tribunal, this decision will be visible and can be brought to the security council of course, russia will be blocked. and after it is blocked by one of the members of the red security service, it can be brought to the e-e. this very decision can be brought to the e-e extraordinary session that works, it is not closed . well, if two-thirds of the votes are found, it will be created that's tribuna. i think we'll get there and they won't get anywhere. it's not for nothing that they play so often, they are mentioned in moscow, they understand that whether they go there early or late, they get there when they eat. thank you very much oleksandr matsuka, ukrainian diplo

we have the security of kenya. the position of the chief justice, they can see was announced then i was interviewed publicly for this position. how i was going to make sure all canes had access, justice, and all the values and principles of the constitution will be protected by the judiciary and protect the constitution. the rule of law and security for our people. i just agree that justice cuts across and security we are talking about. because you need justice for you to have peace, you need justice for you to have security. you need justice for you to have prosperity. all the issues we are talking about, i think all of them require justice, and the commitment we have made within our country to follow our constitution. the trees we have signed that we respect one another and we work together to build peace. >> you have fought hard for what you have at one of the reasons in your example at the experience of kenya is so important and interesting is that a lot of governments have constitutions, they have justice syst

the deputy chairman of russia's security the deputy chairman of russia's security council said that for russia it would be council said that for russia it would be council said that for russia it would be great if the teams on the field in doha great if the teams on the field in doha great if the teams on the field in doha were argentina and morocco and he was were argentina and morocco and he was were argentina and morocco and he was half right but it's not like midwedev half right but it's not like midwedev half right but it's not like midwedev had a lot to choose from in the sense had a lot to choose from in the sense had a lot to choose from in the sense that there is actually no one for russia that there is actually no one for russia that there is actually no one for russia to root for of russia's known enemies to root for of russia's known enemies to root for of russia's known enemies only a few countries even came to qatar only a few countries even came to qatar only a few countries even came to qatar along with morocco and argentina maybe along with morocco and argentina may

and energy security. so, the investments at home, alignment with allies and partners and then trying to set the terms, the rules of the road in these key areas in technology and trade, and international economics. those three things put together actually put us in the best position to both compete effectively and mobilize cooperation effectively while managing the tension. on china specifically, i would just say that the president's meeting with xi jinping in bali put a fine point on the fact that we're pursuing a strategy that fundamentally does recognize that we're competing vigorously, but does not want to see that competition spill over in the conflict and further recognizes that there are areas where we can and must work with china because it's fundamentally in our interest to do so. climate is a great example of that and there are others as well and the president and president xi had the opportunity to task the team to working together in areas with collaboration for interests in the larger global c

we are talking about the responsibility for ourin own security and for the security of our allies. so it's absolutely necessary to say in the first place about your own defense. because how can you be a reliable nato partner if you don't have the means in terms of the weapons? >> let me speak to you before we go to the audience for q&a which is energy security. again my recollection for my time in brussels anytime your polish diplomats in brussels would hear my american accent they would say why did you americans talk to the chairman's about nord stream? you are bypassing us. this is not something we support, and wife are there not being good allies? this is an argument whole doesn't make it for decades and now we come to a point where the rest of europe is woken up to the sacked and is trying to diversify away from russia. how confident are you, let me ask you, do you think we started too late and how confident are you the transition that sappy now that we will see alternate sources of energy in time for come if not this winter, next winter? >> well, let meta elaborate firt previo

said there has to be security guarantees. your thoughts, anthony? well, the problem is, sir, there's a huge amount of distrust which has been caused by what's happened because has been rightly said from the 19 ninety's when the cobra ended. and they were these assurances, but there wouldn't be an expansion of nato, even though they weren't in written format. ah, but the problem is since the end of the cold pool, ah, they chose early, massively expanded it, especially since the town of the century. i'll say it's been a complete our sense of distrust there, because why should the need russia, i trust, and a p p, glen nato, a. but i yourself to look at the situation office, see any country needs to have some security. and the united states warms id security where may have the cuban missile. ready crisis and you have to look at what are the former president gorbachev said, and because he was the architects with agreements between the old soviet union and the laser. and he said a, you may not humiliates a country. and it spec prep where to be no conseque

national security adviser o'brien. they were taking -- out of taiwan and putting them into arizona's little pilot program. but this bill would lead to a much larger effort to bring or keep manufacturing in the united states on such an important national security asset and to bring trillions of dollars here, not overseas, but most importantly, protecting this key national security asset that, quite frankly, everything from your phone and your vehicle, but from my perspective, the most advanced weapon systems have these advanced chips -- that was a generational transformation bill that if you talked to the intelligence community, they said it would make a big difference on how we confront china. >> you are an author of the chips act. that was going to be my next question. you have essentially addressed that. i know you've also been a leader on export controls and i was wondering if you could talk a little bit about what is happening there. it seems like china -- we have been selling china a lot of this advanced technolog

energy security and national security are linked.with maria" last week as the department of energy announced it will start repurchasing crude oil for the strategic petroleum reserve. you may remember in the summer when energy prices were swarming president biden tapped the spr to ease the burden on american consumers. let's bring in robert o'brien the former national security advisor and the trump administration. ambassador, thank you so much for joining us. energy is national security. >> merry christmas. jason: merry christmas by the way. but energy is national security and i'm really concerned about what china is doing and its efforts to force this and green energy where we have to go to china in order to make these products. >> jason, you are 100% right. it's good to see were refilling the strategic petroleum reserve. that is there for an emergency, war, natural disaster. and try to get oil prices down before the midterms. we sold oil that we purchased at a low price in our buying at a high price. probably not a great economic bu

as we are talking about the responsibility for our own security and for the security of our allies. so it's absolutely necessary to say in the first place about your own defense. because how can you be a reliable nato partner if you don't have the means in terms of the weapons, for example, to help. >> let me stick with you before we go to the audience for q&a which is energy security. my recollection from my time in brussels any time your polish diplomats in brussels would hear accident, -- my accent, they would say why don't you talk to the germans about nord stream and you're bypassing us and not something we support and why aren't they being good allies? and is something the opponent has been making for a decade and finally we come to a point the rest of europe has woken up to the fact and trying to diversify away from russia. how confident are you -- let me ask you, do you think we started too late and how confident are you the transition is happening now that we will see alternate sources of energy in time for if not this winter, next winter? >> well, let me elaborate first on

well, to remind you we're discussing security guarantees. ah, let's go back to anthony and where things are, you know, it's interesting that in the mainstream it's her bowden to talk about what we're talking about on this program here. and one of the things it's not talked about is that a european security architecture would not only excluded russia, but was excluded russian was against russia. and this is something that if we're going to have peace in europe, has to be rectified. and given the voices that we're hearing in europe and in obviously, washington in london, we have all very long way to go. maybe a generational issue. go ahead anthony. yes, us, that's very true. but we got to recognize what the real agenda is here and totals he got on to the american color tissue are sounded hot for a well when she said the ukraine war is all about regime change in russia. and it's not really about anything else. and it's about our guidelines vested interest, that late are too big about changes so that they get that he come to russia ah, plays the