it says officials should be held accountable and comply with international humanitarian law. bonnie africa is a member of the un commission on human rights in south sudan, which produced the report. he says political will is needed to all those responsible for abuses to account. we've seen that those who commit to abuses and allow them to happen, remaining office, and in some cases that are rewarded rather than punished for this culture of impunity. something that we are strongly convinced needs to be addressed insulted unless you turn the page on to be a more democratic, unsafe, a country point citizen. so he is fatherly. you don't do this across the board because we are seeing that the violations are not only instigated from the capital into but also when you go to the state, governors essentially know unto themselves, county commission, to mobilize forces and militia to raise the place severely neighboring areas. so the cost is one of the ways to stop it publicly see that so you can go on the lead the violations a held to account dismissed or they investigated. and the charges stand up,

that's free and bonnie africa, who's a member of the u. n. commission on human rights in south sudan that produced that report. he joins us from oxford in the united kingdom. how is this culture of impunity been allowed to develop in south sudan, bonnie and to go on for so long? yeah, it could have gone on also long. i'm gonna be high hopes that after the dependent so so, so done that we'll see a different culture of governance. but of course we've seen that also that went back into conflict and the, the course of that conflict. so many talks on civilian, some really horrendous crimes of the committee. but what i'm seeing is that there seems to be a luck will to deal with katrina. and this is despite the fact that the subsidies themselves, the leaders of agreed to the stablish ment of a hybrid court, to punish the traitors. we have not seen the state place. instead, we've seen that those who commit to abuses and allow them to happen, remaining office. and in some cases that rewarded rather than punished for this culture. of impeding to som

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