joining us now, staff writer at "the atlantic" george packer.r of the magazine's new cover story entitled "the valley." in it, george, you write this, "phoenix makes you keenly aware of human artifice, its ingenuity and agility. the american lust for new things and new ideas, good and bad ones, is most palpable here in the west, but that dynamo that generates all the microchip factories and battery plants and downtown high-rises and master plan suburbs runs so high that it suggests its own oblivion. new yorkers and chicagoans don't wonder how long their cities will go on existing, but in phoenix in august, when the heat had broken 110 degrees for a month straight, the desert golf courses and urban freeways give this civilization an air of impermanence, like a mirage composed of sheer hubris, and a surprising number of inhabitants began to brood on its disappearance. democracy is also a fragile artifice. it depends less on tradition and law than on the shifting contents of individual skulls -- belief, virtue, restraint. its durability under natur