thank you, kevin quashie. i began writing freeman's challenge because of two moments of surprise as the first surprise happened when by chance i found a footnote about a theatrical staging of a black on white murder. and this was in 1846 in the city of auburn, which is in the central new york state, in the finger lakes region. i was astounded and here's why. my fields of expertise include american racial formation and theater and performance history. so what i knew from both of these fields was that in the mid-19th century, white people absolutely did not want to see any representations of black on white violence on stage. it was too terrifying. it was to disturbing. it could not be contained within the framework of entertainment. and so for that reason, it simply wasn't present on the american stage. and i'll give you an example to show you how not present it was when people performed othello. othello, of course, contains a scene of black on white violence, and people would bend over backwards, turn themselve