beyond agriculture production, u.s. days research institution, regulator, protector of animal health and roland are. there is very little usda doesn't touch or have an impact on. all of these resources and abilities can be used to improve the quality of life, not only in rural america but all of america. as i have met and talked with ms. rollins, it is clear the needs of the american farmers, ranchers and communities will be her focus. it is also clear she has relationships across the new administration and an understanding of the processes in which decisions are made in the executive branch to best position are producers for success. i look forward to seeing her bring her considerable skills and abilities to bear for usda for the benefit of our farmers, ranchers and rural communities. i now recognize ranking member klobuchar for her opening statement. sen. klobuchar: thank you mr. chairman and we welcome you, ms. rollins. welcome to your entire family that seems to take up 10 rose, as well as the ffa officers. it's kin

brooke rollins, president's agriculture secretary nominee, told the senate agriculture committee that in her first days she would deploy $10 billion in available economic to farmers. answered questions to democrats about farm labor shortages that couldt from trumpdministration immigration policies and insisted his plans would initially focus on migrants who have committed crimes. we are going to take you live now to the confirmation hearing for brooke rounds, president trump's nominee to lead the department of agriculture, testifying before the committee. you are watching live coverage. >> first i would like to congratulate to members of this committee who were instrumental in organizing the inaugural ceremonies that took place at the capitol earlier this week. senator klobuchar in the ranking member of the rules committee in the last congress. for more than a year the joint congressional on inaugural ceremonies led by senator klobuchar went into planning, organizing a traditional ceremony on the west front of the capitol. decided to the bitter cold until the more intimate ceremony we

bill, let's talk about agriculture briefly. you've mentioned on the floor in your exit speech that in every level of government you've worked on, agriculture has been part of that. why? sen. stabenow: i don't believe we have an economy unless somebody makes something and somebody grows something. i also grew up in a rural community. my relatives were farmers, i saw how hard they worked, and i've always appreciated that. i come from a michigan standpoint, one out of four jobs in michigan comes from agricultural means. my goal in what i'm proudest of is expanding the farm bill and farm policy. when i came in, fruit and vegetables, which are almost half of the farm economy, were not included in farming bills. it was traditionally more southern row crops like corn and soybeans, cotton, and so on. cherries, apples, blueberries, on and on were not included. now they are. now there's a 12th title, and it has made all the difference in terms of an economy that produces healthy foods that we want people to eat and creating jobs. >> as i

more in the food safety and climate agriculture space.you have extensive experience when it comes international collaboration here from the fda. what lessons are you taking away from that experience? >> i have been as a part of the broad community for several decades. the important thing is to have a multi- level platforms or experts can get together and develop consensus. it has really informed a foundation for food's standards which are really important for trade internationally. and so it has been operating for about 60 years. china is a member. i believe russia is a member basically it's hundreds of countries they meet many times during the year to discuss the food's standards as they come to the process. the important thing is they really bring their subject matter. each country, some countries sent political people but for the most part countries are sending their international experts in different topics which are under consideration. and i really do believe these kinds of multilateral platforms can serve the basis for bilateral di

about 30 years and as good as we can construct throughout human history before the invention of agriculture throughout the ups and downs when there is episodic but where outbreaks of peace or success in agricultural productivity and then things change a lot in the last couple of centuries. human life expectancy has gone from around 30 years to a verse 72 years today. also throughout human history 90% of humanity live on less than $2 a day in today's dollars. people were smaller. there was some degree of starvation than we had more than doubling of human life expectancy and said that living in dire poverty eight or 9% still vastly too much so what drove that? the two biggest drivers the two biggest enablers of this change was the growth of bottom-up social organizations, liberty and humans could develop prosperity increase soil and the beauty of all times but that bottom-up social organization didn't hit the economic sector until the middle of the 1800's for the registration act of united kingdom corp. lost united states were wicked shipped for mercantilism to bottom-up economic organization

agriculture. now, why is that? chinese investors and companies own 277,000 acres of agriculture land in the united states. considering the massive increase in foreign investment in our country, we need additional oversight for what's going on in our country. we got our eyes closed. which is why yesterday i introduced the foreign adversary risk management act, called the farm act, here on the floor that will accomplish three thaings. it would add the secretary of agriculture as a permanent member of cfius. in other words, somebody that's going to help our agriculture people vet land that's being bought by foreign entities. second, it would protect the u.s. agriculture industry from foreign control through transaction mergers and acquisitions and greements or it would also designate agriculture supply chains as critical infrastructure and critical technologies. third, it would require a report to congress on current and potential foreign investments in the u.s. agriculture industry. this legislation

, it rose a little bit, there were episodic outbreaks of peace or success in agricultural productivity. then things changed a lot in the last couple centuries. human life expectancy went from 30 years to 72 years today. throughout human history, 90% of humanity lived on less than two dollar day in today's dollars. people were smaller. most everyone was in some degree of starvation. there was a doubling of human life expectancy. 9% today live in dire poverty, still vastly too much. what drove that? the two biggest enablers of this change was the growth of bottom-up social organization. liberty leads humans to create prosperity and fertile soil for beauty of all kinds but that did not hit the economic sector until the middle of the 1800s. the registration act in the u.k., corporation laws in the u.s. the shift from mercantilism to bottom-up economic organization. the other factor was hydrocarbons. this massive increase in available energy. these things transformed human society to be an unrecognizable state today. now we have esg movement, i run a corporate company, in big picture is att

because the west london, i've been converted into agriculture land or the wetlands. i've been converted into construction site, then that is, that is that we depleting the up with 1st and it is affecting the quality of land and it is affecting economic activities in the month of october. for example, in the 2010 default, the countries of the 9 best and such on the agreed that they would re negotiate some of the arguments that in place with a view to ensuring that the what of denial used in a manner that is proper. because the transfer boundary and therefore ought to be used carefully, but that is easier said than done because in regard to the 9, what does the gyptian understood that needs have refused to sign into the framework argument which then bends the question, what is the economic impact of this, the hydra, what is the economic impact of deforestation? number one, what tax, what is going to become a marriage up problem in the continental vasa, in the not too distant here just simply because the quality of what day is being undermined on where people depend on

number to agriculture. when we are losing our side of it means that the quality of sorry is suffering and it is not lost to me. that in the 2024, there was a heads of states and governments meeting in nairobi, canyon at which they were discussing the question, all the site and quality and the impact the tubs in terms of agriculture, in terms of nutrition and in terms of the ability to feed ourselves, i'm saying this because as we speak now, africa imports almost 70 percent of our food. we import fish from china. we import the ends from romania, we import chieftain from brazil. we are important. she can feed on all these when you look at them directly traceable to the fact that the expansion of the desktops of hard, if you go to countries such as what's on where you have to not move does that all you go to countries such as in the media, you would begin to see how this is also affecting the livestock industry. people lose their lives, stuck in the millions, with the consequence that people, economic circumst

take questions at the senate agriculture committee confirmation hearing that also at 10: a.m.astern. you can wch live coverage on c-span now vid app or online at c-span.org. the c-span book shelf podcast fee makes it easy for you to listen to the all of c-span's podcast featured nonfiction books in one place so you can discover new authors and new ideas. each week we are making it convenient for you to listen to multiple episodes with critically acclaimed authors discussing history, biography, current events and

about antitrust enforcement and agriculture markets. but that turned out to be at the time, mostly just talk. fast-forward to 2022, the ftc and a group of state enforcers including my home state of iowa filed a big, important case trying to protect farmers against the couple of chemical giants that were depriving farmers of low-cost input. both the ftc and the doj have also taken action to keep food costs down for consumers. the antitrust division sued the company for driving up and allowing big meat processors to drive up the cost of meat for american consumers. the ftc for its part, along with another bipartisan group of states, just successfully blocked the kroger and albertsons mega merger that would've driven up food prices for american consumers and driven down wages for american workers. now all that being said, i do think a lot of work remains to be done in these areas. so looking ahead, that is why i am especially excited about this new consensus we are here to talk about today. >> very good. thank you. excellent testimony. nex

he talks about reducing crime and investing in agriculture. prior to becoming governor he served as the state's lieutenant governor and before that as a state senator. i do solemnly swear that i will support the constitution of the united states. >> that i will support the constitution of the united states. in the constitution of the state of missouri -- missouri. and that i will faithfully demean myself as governor of the state of missouri, so help me god. >> congratulations. [applause] [gun blasts] [applause] >> hey years ago i had the honor to be the first person to introduce the new president of the united states, donald trump. today i have for me and equally great honor to be able to introduce to missourians and people who understand and love our state, the 58th governor of the state of missouri, mike kehoe. gov. kehoe thank you, and please be seated. i've already been told i'm on the clock. president pro tem, speaker patterson, members of the general assembly, state and federal elected officials, former governors, judges, friends, family

you mentioned large agricultural concerned land o lakes. do you work directly with the company with land o lakes? >> linda lane earned true tara. true tara is that certifies carbon, we are in fact capturing carbon in the soil. certifies that, does the test and then marketed carbon credits we have captured. >> and got it. appreciate your time, thank you for sharing your expertise. will hear from our guests brian reisinger. >> guest: what paul is talking is a great example of the family farm working to diversify in as many ways as you can. they're still growing certain types of crops and products. there also pursuing agri-tourism the tulsi gabbard place on the edge of the people care where their food come from one took about an expensive farm lifestyle. participating in the offset all kinds of avenues they're all strive your where the revenue streams come from. how it needs to evolve your in the question what's next, or to god from here question of the reason for that farms operate on incredibly tight margins. despite amazing creek to be like

the farmers confronted long-term decline in the aquifer that sustains idaho agriculture. they work hard to secure a new water deal to safeguard water. friends, let's thank our farmers. [applause] gov. little: along with our-set legislators and the lieutenant governor crafted a new plan that maintains control of our tkwaerts any, not other state's, not the fed's, not men and women in robes, no offense to my esteemed judges. my keeping promises plan helps tackle the backlog of unfunded water projects because securing water for future generations and protecting idaho agriculture requires both the new plan and continued investments that improve to raise the water levels the life blood of idaho agriculture. [applause] gov. little: on the heels of a destructive fire season or keeping promises plan deploys additional bonuses to hire and maintain firefighters. they battle dangerous conditions to protect lives, property and natural resources. please recognize a few of these tough idahoans we have with us today. right out there. [applause] gov. little: i'm also asking the legislatu

for this reason, i've been a member of the agriculture committee at every level of government where i've served, both state and federal. and i've been deeply involved in efforts to protect and expand american manufacturing, including the new clean energy revolution occurring in our country. it's been my privilege to put my stamp on our nation's farm and food policy. i have frequently said that you can see michigan on every panl of the farm bills -- page of the farm bills i've written. as the author of the specialty crop title in the farm bill, i'm grateful that the full diversity of farms, small and large, are now reflected in our funding in our agriculture policy. i'm so pleased that families across our country have access to healthy, locally grown foods through farmers' markets and urban agriculture, and our children can count on permanent funding for summer meals and other critical food assistance. i like to say that i sit up every day to fight for michigan and there is no truer statement than my work on behalf of michigan workers and michigan manufacturing. i'm so proud to have champ

long-term decline in water in the aquaphor that sustains idaho agriculture.ur farmers worked hard to secure a new water deal that safeguards idaho water. friends, let's think our farmers. [applause] along with their citizen legislators lieutenant governor they crafted a new plan that maintains control of our water destiny. not other states, not the feds. not men and women in robes. no offense to my esteemed judges. my keeping promises plan helps tackle the backlog of unfunded water projects because protecting idaho agriculture requires both the new plan and continued investment that have proven to raise the water levels in the aquaphor, the lifeblood of idaho agriculture. [applause] on the heels of a destructive fire season, our keeping promises a plan to additional bonuses to hire and retain wild land fire fighters. our firefighters to protect lives, property and natural resources please recognize a few of the tough idahoans we have with us today. right up there. [applause] [applause] i am also asking the legislature to properly fund fire suppression account

there was talk of high prices for food and fuel, supposed to impact agriculture and electricity. but none of this ever happened. the supply problems that everyone freaked out about never came. so what did happen, and should he be worried about running out of oil? first, looking at this question now is completely different from the decades ago, because there have been huge changes in our lives, in the early 2, thousands. we weren't really thinking about life, that fossil fuels, electric vehicles, for nearly unheard of, to an end of our oil supplies seems like i just central crisis for the planet. the going awareness of climate change, renewables of taken off, and the amount of them in the mix of guns usually is not cheaper to generate electricity from solar and wind then from the cost of or there's also a way more attention on electric vehicles. 14 percent of new vehicles sold globally and 2022 or electric compared to just 5 percent and 2020. even the united states and china to huge polluters are making has the investments into green technology. and something pretty special happen

agriculture industry. >> reporter: christopher brewer, the customs and border protection agriculturend chief at washington dulles international airport, showed us some items confiscated over the years from decorative eggs. >> due to things like bird flu, prohibited. >> reporter: to herbs, plants and souvenirs like this woven hat. >> these are made out of reeds, dried reed. we're concerned about a little tiny mite, red palm mite. >> reporter: brewer calls his team the last line of defense protecting a multibillion-dollar industry that feeds the nation. >> it may seem like a little thing oh, i justbrought my sausage in. but it could turn into a big thing because most of the diseases involved are highly contagious and easily spread. >> reporter: it's the job of these highly trained beagles including phillip to stop that from happening. >> the thing that surprises me the most about the ability of these dogs is just how sensitive their noses are. >> reporter: cbp agriculture specialist valerie wu is phillip's handler. >> phillip has found a single grape in the bottom of somebody's purse.

so they created this, uh, canal to bring water for agriculture. and it's a long and interesting, complex. but they were involved in struggles with the federal government over water rights, where the federal government was saying, well, we should control this water. and if we can prove a navigable river, then federal government regulations come in. so as they were negotiating with the federal government, they also on the side negotiated with mexico to build a new from the mexico side of the on the colorado river to then bring the water into the u.s. from, mexico, where it comes in as a foreign owned commodity under a different set of laws and rules. so there was no with the federal government for that. and i'll let manuel tell the story of what happens after that. okay. so they didn't it all that well and within a couple of years it broke and they couldn't stop the flooding. and for nearly two years water spilled into was the salt and sink and filled to become the salton sea. it wound up wrecking the transcontinental railroad which got the companie

so they created this, uh, canal to bring water for agriculture. and it's a long and interesting, complex. but they were involved in struggles with the federal government over water rights, where the federal government was saying, well, we should control this water. and if we can prove a navigable river, then federal government regulations come in. so as they were negotiating with the federal government, they also on the side negotiated with mexico to build a new from the mexico side of the on the colorado river to then bring the water into the u.s. from, mexico, where it comes in as a foreign owned commodity under a different set of laws and rules. so there was no with the federal government for that. and i'll let manuel tell the story of what happens after that. okay. so they didn't it all that well and within a couple of years it broke and they couldn't stop the flooding. and for nearly two years water spilled into was the salt and sink and filled to become the salton sea. it wound up wrecking the transcontinental railroad which got the companie

you also sit on the senate agricultural committee and voted to advance brooke rollins for a agricultural secretary. how do you think that hearing went? >> oh, my gosh, you're going to love brooke rollins. this is a young laid drink -- lady who grew up in agriculture, grew up in in 4-rbgs d 4-h and ffa, she brought her ffa leadership to the hearing, and that'll mean a lot to those folks in agriculture where her ties really are. she's going to be a strong, strong voice there in the president's cabinet forking agriculture and rural -- for agriculture and rural america. don't forget, 90% of rural america supported president trump. jackie: and how did you feel about the hegseth vote coming down to that tie breaker, only the second time as chad pergram mentioned that we've seen a vice president weigh in on a confirmation in history? your thoughts on that process and how it went, you know, through last night, how it took shape a. >> well, like president trump just said, it's all about winning. the the final score does matter, and all that matters is we got pete hegseth across the for finish lin

and this points out that increased terrace on farm exports won't just impact the agricultural sector, but bring knock on effects with them. it trickles down through the us economy, farm equipment, manufacturers, seed companies, chemical companies, and even the amount of money that i can spend locally with, with dealerships and at the restaurants in grocery store is that that all trickles down through the economy. the 1st time around the pain, the tariff or brought upon farmers, was such that the government eventually stepped in with subsidies. but farmers here say they would take free trade over handouts any day. and hope that this time electronic government will have learned from what they view as the incoming president, past mistakes. no, never have them. and i think school district visitation for steven beds, the welcome. steven, i'm president electronic, big fan of terrace, even calls them. so the terrace mann, easy listening to farm is like those we just heard from. yeah, so i would say that from what we've seen over the past few months, he's even less concerned about the issue o

one carpet regulars come two, this come from unique role of agriculture in american society and regulation. i want to do something a i litte different to you. everybody who flew home for christmas or thanksgiving flew apart because of the commodity in the future. businesses all around the world that we depend on that provide services need to understand the cost of goods in the future markets need to understand pricing in the future, or at least the consensus best estimate of future pricing to understand the business decision. our economy depends upon information about what is going to happen in the future, , and those markets are incredibly important that translate into day-to-day activity making our life better and more fulfilling, allowing us to buy buy a ple ticket and left the country to know how much the gas is going to cost when you hit the runway. those markets while they're incredibly important are easily overlooked and if they're not regulated well, they can be manipulated and don't need to tell folks in this room or anybody who decide to tune into spender moni speaking to think a

rollins who is seeking to be secretary of agriculture, are you going to warn the people in agriculture states like illinois and texas that mass deportation is a threat to their workforce? and she said, of course. she wouldn't answer that directly. i wasn't surprised by that. but it's an indication of the complication of mass depo deportation. take what i've said and apply it to so many industries. the hospitality industry, good indication. how many people are cleaning those hotel rooms that you stayed in last night who are undocumented? a lot. and another area that i think is really critical is when it comes to caregivers. when you leave your child or grandchildren at the day care center in the morning and head off to work or whatever your assignment may be for the day, you entrust the most precious part of your life, that little child or grandchild, in many instances to an undocumented worker. they don't get paid as much as most and they have an awesome responsibility. i think every grandparent and parent would agree. you want to make sure that they're good and talented and qualified

would fight for the farmers, ranchers, and agriculture producers of kansas. sara henry was the perfect choice. after graduating from the agriculture education from iowa state university, she moved to washington, d.c., where she worked in several congressional offices and the national corn growers association. it was during that time she met her husband and the two moved back to dalton's old stomping grounds in randolph kansas. it aloud her to serve as my district director and later -- district ag director and later as the district director this. month she'll begin a more part-time role of kansas association of wheat growers so she can focus on her two sons. thank you for leading our disdirect team well. for being an incredible advocate and friend and caring about kansas. we are excited for you and next chapter of life as you adjust to being a family of four. thank you for being an integral part of our team. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: thank you. the chair now recognizes the gentlewoman from illinois, mrs. ramirez, for five minutes. ms. ramirez: tha

one capital markets regulator, we have to be at this comes from the unique role of agriculture in american society and its regulation. i want to say something a little different to you. everybody who flew home for christmas or thanksgiving flew in part because of a commodity in future.re businesses all around the world that wee depend on that provide services need to understand their cost of goods in the future. markets need to understand pricing in the future at least the consensus best estimate of future pricing to understand their business decisions. our economy depends upon information about what will happen in the future who decided to do need to spend their morning thinking about the future financial markets and future regulation the problems that occur in market manipulation and why we need tough and strong regulation that that's what chairman behnam has done such a fantastic job as a 15th chairman of the cftc. served as commissioner since 2017. he will tell you quite a bit about his role but i just want to highlight three things because in washington people are often policies to co

we will take question at a senate agriculture committee confirmation. 10:00 a.m. eastern. you can also watch all of our live coverage on the c-span now video out. or online at c-span.org. ♪♪ democracy. it is not just an idea, it is a process. a process shaped by leaders elected to the highest offices and entrusted to a select few guarding its basic principles. it is where debates unfold. decisions are made in the nation 's courses charted. democracy and real time. this is your government at work. this is c-span. giving you your democracy unfiltered. >> now, republican idaho governor brad liddell delivering his 2025 state of the state address from the capital in boise. he compared idaho's governance to the plan that resident electron promised america and praises the states record on government efficiency. he also discusses his keeping promises plan for the state and efforts to cut taxes. increase infrastructure investments and expand school choice. this is about 25 minutes. [applause] [applause] welcome, governor. we look forward to your words of wisdom and your advice toda

between commodities and futures and stocks and bonds, capital markets come from unique role of agriculture in american society and its regulation. i want to say something a little different to you. everybody who flew home for christmas or thanksgiving in part because of commodity future. businesses around the world that we depend on that provide services need to understand their cost of goods in the future. markets need to understand pricing in the future, to understand their business decisions. our economy depends on information about what is going to happen in the future and those markets are important and translate into day-to-day activity making our life better and more fulfilling allowing us to purchase that plane ticket and allowing the company to know how much their gas is going to cost when you hit the runway and those markets are incredibly important, easily overlooked and if they are not regulated they could be manipulated and i don't need to tell folks in this room or anyone who tuned in to spend their morning thinking of the future of financial markets or regulation the problem

representing a lot of agriculture. we do not like it when other countries put tariffs on our products. we are good exporters of ag products. other countries like our product and value. we do not like when they placed tariffs on us. we need to keep our options on the table. host: president-elect trump has talked about ways to achieve tariffs. what you think of the approach he is taking? guest: it is important we drive a tough negotiation. i have shared this with a lot of folks that we need to level the playing field. make no mistake. what we have seen over the last four years, a lack of action. some of my democratic colleagues just yesterday in committee criticized tariffs now that trump is coming back in even though nothing was done about tariffs over the last four years. let me say even more importantly there was such a lack of action on trade across the board for the last four years. that in action is especially damaging because our competitors, our trade partners expect more from the united states of america than wh

bracero program brought millions of needed agricultural and railroad workers in from mexico. but by 1954, the government reversed course. it launched an operation with a derogatory name, operation --. as many as 1.3 million people were deported again, many of whom had become naturalized citizens. next, on matter of fact, the bidens will stay in the white house until the trumps arrive. they will have a little coffee or tea in the blue room. but why? on monday, this presidential historian will be thinking back to 1801 and thomas jefferson's inauguration, plus the impact natural disasters are having on homeowners insurance rates. insurers have paid out tens of billions of dollars in claims, and the story of an arena, a community and a fight for existence. you'reatching, matter of fact, america's number one nationally syndicated public affairs news magazine. if you take or have taken humira for moderate to severe crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis and still have symptoms... you don't have to settle. ask your gastroenterologist if switching to rinvoq is right for you. it's one

the clerk: h.r. 204, a bill to require that the secretary of agriculture and secretary of interior submit accurate reports regarding hazardous ruins activities. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from arkansas, mr. westerman, and the gentleman from california, mr. huffman, each will control 20 minutes. the chair recognizes the gentleman from arkansas. mr. westerman: i ask unanimous consent that all members have five legislative days to revise and extend their rashes and add extraneous material on h.r. 208, the bill now under consideration. the speaker pro tempore: without objection. mr. westerman: i yield myself such time as i may consume. i rise in strong support of mr. tiffany's bill, the accurately counting resolutions acts. this will bring accountability to the misleading way we are tracking hazardous materials. in california fires destroyed many times. the tragedies in southern california are just the latest consequences on what has been a historic wildfire crisis, devouring an arch of seven million acres a yearer in last few decades. this alarming figure is more than double the