and you know that was as w.e.b. dubois writes, one of the great expansions of schooling in the south. there are many ways in which the efforts of black people to educate themselves in one another in the reconstruction era led to this massive expansion of of universal schooling that benefited everybody. but what i found fascinating in studying this period was the actual the textbooks that black people were presented with at that time. and so there's a there is a series of textbooks that were presented to free people that taught them things like reading and math and things like that, but also had these parables, these stories and something that i found fascinating was it was mentioned over and over in these books. it was very important to black people never, ever, ever take vengeance against people who formerly enslaved you. there's one textbook writer who said, you know, even if your former enslavers sexually assault you, you should write a letter to your congress person and say, hey, i have rights now, even if they beat yo

w.e.b. dubois and joel spingarn. dubois put their challenge plainly. this is a quote with the exception of woodrow wilson to the presidency in 1913. they're open. the american --, a period of cruelty, discrimination and wholesale murder in the in the november election. in 1916. dubois had been a socialist socialist. and who would be future winner of the lenin prize voted for the republican evans hughes and joined william monroe trotter in doing so in 1916. also, the election of the first woman to congress, republican jeanette rankin from montana. she was also trained as a scientist like alice paul. she had a biology degree from the university of montana and she was typical of millions of american working women who now were joining movement for women's voting rights. once she got elected to congress, she was elevated by her republican colleagues to the ranking member positions on the committee on women's suffrage. naturally, given her background, she had been a field worker for nasa previously. that made a lot of sense on the merits. but i tell you then

and you know that was as w.e.b. duboisrites, one of the great expansions of schooling in the south. there are many ways in which the efforts of black people to educate themselves in one another in the reconstruction era led to this massive expansion of of universal schooling that benefited everybody. but what i found fascinating in studying this period was the actual the textbooks that black people were presented with at that time. and so there's a there is a series of textbooks that were presented to free people that taught them things like reading and math and things like that, but also had these parables, these stories and something that i found fascinating was it was mentioned over and over in these books. it was very important to black people never, ever, ever take vengeance against people who formerly enslaved you. there's one textbook writer who said, you know, even if your former enslavers sexually assault you, you should write a letter to your congress person and say, hey, i have rights now, even if they beat your