it was a conflict that began in 1754 in north america and through that beginning of the war in north america france and britain came to be at war with each other. and formally in europe france and britain went to war against each other in 1756. by that time, as we'll see, their colonies in north america and their forces in north america were already joined in conflict so to understand the french and indian war as it's traditionally called in american u.s. history and also the seven years war, one has to put it in a very broad perspective of north american history and even european history of course and looking beyond europe to the competition between empires, especially france and britain in various corners of the globe. the war would be fought in north america where it began. it was joined in europe on a large scale and involved nations such as russia, austria, prussia as well as france and britain. and of course it was fought in the caribbean as well, which was a major theater of conflict during the war. toward the end of the war spain would join on the side of france complicating t

by that time, as you'll see, their colonies in north america and their forces in north america were already joined in conflict. to understand the french and indian wars it's traditionally called american u.s. history and also the seven years war. one has to put it in the a very broad perspective of north american history and even european history, of course. looking beyond europe and france and britain in various corners of the globe. the war would be fought in north america where it began. it was joined in europe on large scale and involved nations such as russia, austria, prussia, as well as france and britain. toward the end of the war, spain would join on the side of france complicating the matter still. today, our focus will mainly be on the conflict in north america. of course, that was the land of native people and of many distinct indian people and their land, their present, their future. all of those were at stake. every bit, if not more so than for the european empires contesting for power abroad and the french and british colonyists. really to understand the war, we look at the i

our report looked at north america and it's important for north america. our numbers are significantly less conservative than those of the energy information administration. we looked at what is potentially available and by the way, our numbers on mexico show a different profile than the numbers adam showed from the eia, which quite conservatively show a continued decline in mexican production. i think the world is going to find at the end of the year that mexican production will be up year on year from onshore production, there are discoveries offshore in deepwater that have just been announced. the full results of experimentation and the extension of the eagle fjord from texas from just the other side of the border are just becoming publicly available and there's oreason no assume that the geology won't work. what there's reason to be somewhat skeptical about is whether a company like pemex can do what the independent entrepreneurial companies of north america can do, and let me be very specific about this. what has allowed this to work and what makes it

size of the earth but if you're sailing west to get to east there is left-hand, something called north america, south america, and he has no knowledge of that, none, none. he thinks it is ocean between europe and china and then shrinks that ocean. columbus comes up with his proposal and tries to pedal his wears and he needs sponsorship. he needs someone to finance what could be an expensive voyage, like going to the moon, okay, going to mars, cost money. columbus has to find the money. he go first to this man, henry the vii, tudor, king of england, known as the biggest skin flint in europe. henry the vii listens and says no. columbus then decides, well, england is not going to sponsor the voyage, so he goes other places. he tries francois i, king of france, but the french nation at this particular time is somewhat in crisis and francois i is not willing to support him either, and so columbus begins to go and visit with other people and here you see a wonderful depiction. here he is making his proposal to a group of people and goes to portugal and makes his pitch to the portuguese and the king

french and indian war occur or the seven years war in north america. the british, of course, will call this the french and indian war. the name as we'll see in today's lecture can be a little misleading because not all indian peoples by any means sided with the french. indian peoples shifted in loyalty. some were more neutral at the beginning of the conflict. others joined the french. others had a wait and see attitude. some would change sides during the war. so native peoples belonged to particular groups. we have to think of them as iroquois and even within the iroquois of the various nations within that native confederacy. let's say the mohawks as compared to the senecas, and, of course, you have to do the same with the other native groups, shawnees, delawares, potawatomies, miamis, many, many others, and we'll talk about some of those today. so the name french and indian war can be used to indicate the seven years war north america, but it's very important to remember that it doesn't really mean that all the natives by any means are simply on the f

and they encounter north america. the first of the vikings to encounter north america is the son of erik the red. he's called leif eriksson. leif the son of erik. and it's leif eriksson who ventures west. and we know encounters north america. he probably went first to labrador, which is on the upper coast here. didn't find much in the way of timber there. that's a pretty desolate coast. and sew sailed further south until he would find -- he's looking for a reasonable place to live and resource his agriculture, et cetera. and he finds it. he finds it. on the north, the tip of newfoundland, the island of newfoundland, on the northwest corner in the little peninsula that juts up. there is a place called ans anse aux meadows. in the 1960s scandinavian archaeologists began to look in this area. now, it's interesting how they decided to do this. they looked at maps from the 14th and 15th century of this part of the world. primitive, to be sure. primitive to be sure. but these maps did show in gross outline something that lo

troops totallying nearly 2,000 men to north america to join in the conflict there even though britain and france rp not yet at war in europe. the british government is thinking that north america is sufficiently important that we have to stop the french possession. we cannot tolerate that. the man woho was appointed the head was a veteran general. general edward braddock. here we see a portrait. braddock entered the seen very confident. thinking his regulars would carry the day, and not only he thought take fort dusquene and thought march on ward to niagra and other points. no doubt he was overconfident. >> he landed, where did his troops first come. they came to virginia and then moved into maryland, and then northwest ward for fort dusquene. accompanying him were virginia militia men. george washington was at the head of the virginia militia assisting general braddock. we have british colonials working with the british commander. branddock didn't find everything easily. it took benjamin franklin's intervention to help prokoour wagons and horses for the british army. franklin acted a

leaders of north america. and briefly, i would also like to express on behalf of the government of mexico the people of mexico, my family, and my own behalf, my most sincere sympathies to the family and relatives of former president for his lamentable death yesterday. tomorrow, we will be rendering homage to him in mexico. the reasons for which we are here today at this summit of the north american leaders with president barack obama and the prime minister of canada, we've come through a workday that has been very fruitful and fluid with an exchange of opinions and progress to the benefit of our respective citizens. i'm also very thankful to my two colleagues for the openness with which we have broached some very complex items on our working agenda. i recognize and value their enormous commitment to our common region. the leaders of north america share a vision of a strong solitaire competitive region that is able to successfully face head on the challenges of today. we agree that our common challenges can onl

of kartika in north america thank you very much. ok let's wrap up with loose change because dimitri yesterday we wanted to do the instagram story because everyone was abuzz over changes that were announced to their terms of use which suggested that the photo sharing service could use photos of the users in ads well they faced a total backlash and now they're saying. that they will not be using an instagram like you see there in any of their ads they said that they'll change that language because they face so much opposition dimitry are you terribly disappointed because i could see that being a very valuable to some kind of company who wanted a great face to advertise some kind of prozac for anti anger and anxiety medication maybe. something. why don't we have a feeling of. should be a prozac commercial you know wouldn't bird flying through thing. i don't know if i had a veteran. i am loathe to discover that. that instagram will not be using our images are all right now because i know he drives the folks were all up in arms but you k

he sent them to north america. the war in europe was massive and involved many nations, which the fighting in the caribbean was tremendously important and pitt was very keen on expanding the british empire there. and did -- and of course, the british with their naval might made significant conquests in the caribbean and ultimately, threw the appointment of amhurst and wolf, the british gained the upper hand and their maritime superior, their superiority on the sea was practically as important as their might on land. of course they controlled the atlantic and the supply routes to canada. so next time when we continue, we'll see how that helps determine the outcome of the war. thank you very much. >>> lectures this history airs each saturday at 8:00 p.m. and midnight eastern and sundays at 1:00. we feature classroom lectures on different topics and eras. to keep up during the week or to sends your questions and comment, follow us on twitter at twitter.com/c-span history. >>> on november 2nd, 2011, the cia released mo

narrator: by the 1960s, north america's place atop the automobile manufacturing world seemed unassailableut just around the bend waited an unimagined challenge. in the 1970s, sales of japanese cars in the north american market soared, american automaker's profits disappeared, and the red ink forced massive layoffs and plant closings. but a geographer's review of the auto industry's struggles reveals a surprising insight into the state of making cars in north america. in recent decades, global competition and the japanese auto manufacturers have had a tremendous impact on the industrial landscape of the american midwest. dr. james rubenstein is an economic geogra at mia unirsity in ohio. the pasten years,eihe'sn td an economic geogra of japanese automobile production techniques. rubenstein: one of the results of having a glob production system now in the auto industry-- a handful of producers working around the world-- is a diffusion of the technology from one area to another. the principal direction of diffusion has been from japan to north america, particularly in the 1980s and still con

lawrence river and the interior of north america, the key ones are by water. it's much easier to travel over water than land. and lake champlain leads southward to the hudson river valley. the land between, really, the colony of new york and then eastward is new england. so it's very vital region. this shows us where the fort -- french built a fort in the 1730s. that they ca the british would later call this point -- they already called the poin and later when they took it over, they built a fort there that would be called crown point. this is on lake champlain. and then in the region between lake champlain and lake george to the south on the narrow passageway, the french built a fort in an area the natives call ticonderoga, between the waters, it meant. the british adopted the name ticonderoga. but first the forts here were built by the french. let's go on in the talk. now, here you see a modern view of the fort is reconstructed and reconstructed beautifully and how it is on this waterway that is southward to north between the st. lawrence and the hudson rive

british government makes the decision to send two regiments of troops totaling nearly 2,000 men to north america to join in the conflict there. even though britain and france are not yet at war in europe, but the british government is thinking that north america is sufficiently important that we have to stop the french possession and capture of the ohio country. we cannot tolerate that. it's strategically important to us to be involved here. and the man who was appointed the head of the two british regiments was a veteran soldier, a veteran general, general edward braddock, and here we see a portrait of braddock. braddock entered the american scene very confident thinking that his regulars would carry the day. and not only he thought take ft. duquesne but march onward to niagara and other points and defeat the french. this was braddock's conception. no doubt he was overconfident. he landed -- where did his troops first come? they came to virginia and then moved into maryland and then northwestward toward ft. duquesne. accompanying him were virginia militia men. and george washington was at the h

he sent them to north america. the war in europe was massive and involved many nations, which the fighting in the caribbean was tremendously important and pitt was very keen on expanding the british empire there. and did -- and of course, the british with their naval might made significant conquests in the caribbean and ultimately, threw the appointment of am dhurst and wolf, the british gained the upper hand and their maritime superior or the, there are superior or the on the sea was practically as important as their might on land. of course they controlled the atlantic and the supply routes to canada. so next time when we continue, we'll see how that helps determine the outcome of the war. thank you very much. >>> every weekend on c-span3, american history tv. 48 hours of people and events telling the american story. coming up next we learn more about the rich history of baton rouge, louisiana, 1 of 8 southeastern cities we toured last year. >>> the lock is actually the crown jewel of plaquemine. the lock was a b

woman: here is north america, so it's english first.d of french between a sea... you know, in a sea of... english. narrator: this sea of english is a source of concern for the quécois. althoe largest population french spearesides in quebec.out canada yet all of them are surrounded, not only by english canada, t t lge anmost influenti english-spea count i thegion: thenitestes. pierre-etienne la porte is the director of a government-run research organization called the french language council. translator: one has to keep in mind that quebec is in a very special situation as a result of its proximity to the american giant. from a geo-linguistic perspective, english has an influential presence here, because we are deeply integrated into american civilization, which is the civilization that surroundss. narrator: nearly half of quebec's seven million people live in the city of montreal, and it is here that the battle between french and english is most heated. the québécois recognize that protecting language is the most effective means of pres

the tallest building in north america-- the sears tower-- rises over downtown chicago. is the trademark of this city's skyline and a symbol of urban america's vitality. but in 1992, sears fled its downtown home and moved 5,000 employees here-- 30 miles outside the city, into the cornfields. working farm communities surround the chicago area, but to many, this farmland is better suited for growing something other an corn. ses reca soan tirmployees, ke mrg now they have what they've always wanted-- a house in the country. br barommu it's a rural community. it's just... it's a feel-good kind of place to live. come in this route and... narrator: just down the road, tim edmonds is building a whole new community for people like margot brown. soon his efforts will transform this farmland into corporate office parks, a golf course and 4,600 new homes. this is, indeed, an edge city. as you look at suburbanization of america and following transportation corridors, both north and south-- whatever the geographic area happens to be-- it is, uh, an example of that. people here are com

potential and the power of north america, and north america, i submit both for economic competitive reasons as well as the security reasons will be the main point of reference for the next generation or two of americans. certainly the culture and demographic nature of our life here in the united states hinges remarkably as robert caplin points out with our relationships with mexico. what i'd like to do is leave that for the panel discussion and rather talk about security at the u.s.-mexican border, and i do so for the following reason. in order to harness economic power of north america, in order to make that north american experience work with canada and mexico, we are going to have to exert efforts that are massively bipartisan in nature, that require not only the cooperation

and finally asia has knocked off north america and now goes the title as the world's economic center of gravity number of asians with a fortune of at least one hundred million dollars is now estimated at eighteen thousand now this is compared to seventeen thousand in north america and fourteen thousand in western europe when it comes to russia that figure is slightly less just over two thousand and six were published in a report by frank and the global property broker expects that the number of the country's super rich to grow a staggering seventy six percent in just five years and that would be the third fastest pace in the world after india and china. well you got mad that's how business likes us out here at the best all right thanks very very much a few minutes we've got the headlines for you plus our interview with the chairmen of the world's largest cannot of these trading companies simon murray that's all coming your way so stay with us.

andrews: north america does take up a lot of co2. one reason that we've taken up a lot of co2, historically, is that when the eastern part of north america was settled, a lot of forests were cleared for agriculture. and those have been regrowing over the past 100, 150, or 200 years. and so those forests have taken a lot of carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere, but they're nearing maturity, and so they probably won't be such a strong net sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide in the future. narrator: by increasing the number of tall towers, noaa scientists will enhance their ability to understand the rate that natural ecosystems are absorbing or releasing carbon dioxide. dr. andrews: we're really trying to develop a sampling network that will allow us to kind of keep our finger on the pulse of the biosphere continuously. so something that's sustainable and that we can use to monitor net carbon dioxide emissions for many years. narrator: taken together, the programs at noaa's global monitoring division have revealed not only how quickly g

the security of north america is absolutely tied to each of its member states. there cannot be full security in this country or in canada or in mexico if we do not have a system that actually enables the cooperation mechanisms to act in facing threats that have no borders. that are transnational by their very nature. thesere threats that are not just tied into drug traffickings which transnational, of course. and i'll give you two examples of success stories that i was mentioning this morning. one, the attempt to take to mexico one of the children of gadhafi. it was headed up by a canadian businesswoman who hired an american company which hired in turn mexican pilots and counterfeiters. and this multinational operation would not have been avoided without the international security mechanisms that we didn't have before but that now we have. also, the being able to avoid the assassination of the saudi ambassador here in washington would not have been possible without the mechanisms of cooperation that we have today. so thinking that what happens in mexico doesn't

its area of responsibility also includes all of north america, including canada and mexico. general jacoby also serves as commander of norad that has the commission to provide aerospace warning and xrocontrol and marie warning for north america. we'd be most interested to learn, general, how northcom and norad might contribute to the emerging domain of cybersecurity in the homeland. as part of the mission of providing defense support to civil authorities, northern command must work closely and cooperatively with other federal agencies. particularly the department of homeland security and with all the states on plans and coordination for emergency response to domestic disasters. this requires close coordination with the state governors and the national guard forces to improve their combined federal and state response capabilities to a wide variety of emergencies. we made significant progress on this front last year with several initiatives including the new dual status command capability. which is intended to allow state and federal military forces to work together to support

and, of course, it's something a a north america in general. you can't really separate, you see, the history oe colonies that later become the united states from the history of north america in general, let's say, of canada, any more than the caribbean or mexico. now, where did they go? first of all, remarkable that the british gathered some 7,000 men, women and children in 1755 with the new england men, troops, being the heart of the british effort. 7,000 were gathered that year. three years later, another 3,100 were captured. so the total was 10,000, basically. 10,000 were expelled. how many remained? perhaps 3,000, 4,000 remained. they fled into the woods. they fled to quebec. they fled to other areas nearby. many had first fled to what is today prince edward island. but when the british took that over in 1758, they deported the 3,000 refugees there, even though they were in miserable conditions, those poor people. what was the british policy here? to deport the acadians not to french canada where they might add to the strength of that colon

since then we have built 525 golden gate, our puc building, one of the greenest in north america andack to receive lead platinum certification. yes. we have installed electric charging stations here at civic center. we have free wi-fi. we have installations at the urban gardens and led lights in the plaza and we continue to do even more. i am proud to announce here that we have applied for lead certification of eight of the existing buildings in the san francisco historic civic center district. [applause] that will represent more than 2.2 million square feet of civic real estate, including buildings such as city hall, the symphony, the library, the art museum and more. it's challenging to retrofit some of the buildings for energy efficiency and water conservation but we have done it. once lead certified the civic center retrofit strategies and technology can serve as a model to other cities and i would like to take this opportunity to recognize leaders from all the country and our world that have made great strides in environmental stewardships themselves and have joined in this conf

since you mention north america. it was in north america. >> first european leader blames us for their financial mess and now they are telling us to hike our taxes. carbing -- cashing in and americans get ready to hit the rod for the july 4th holiday congress shooting down and calls for a mileage tax. and the flip side is that we need it; that's next d. emily's just starting out... and on a budget. like a ramen noodle- every-night budget. she thought allstate car insurance was out of her reach. until she heard about the value plan. see how much you could save with allstate. are you in good hands? i'd like to thank eating right, whole grain, multigrain cheerios! mom, are those my jeans? [ female announcer ] people who choose more whole grain tend to weigh less than those who don't. multigrain cheerios ♪ ♪ [ male announcer ] we believe you're at your best when you can relax and be yourself. and at thousands of newly refreshed holiday inn hotels, you always can. holiday inn. stay you. and now stay rewarded with vacation

in north america the chain of transport is completely unprotected and open no one has ever thought of the idea of transporting and storing genetically modified grain separately no it is too late. it's very difficult to segregate the grain from regular grain and it could be called her brain because you have contamination from the pit from the elevation from the trucks that are hauling it so it would be impossible to keep it separate so there is always a small percentage or percent each that would make and sold would not be g.m.o. free. thus the borders are open for the export of genetically contaminated grain and also seat into the whole world. if you introduce there is no such thing as coexistence and then after several years it all becomes. i have also heard in europe the company saying that all the farmer has to do is leave a buffer strip fifty meters one hundred meters there is no safe distance it doesn't matter if it's fifty kilometers it will spread. so if you introduce j m o's it all becomes mo's after several years and to give you an example how bad it is in canada we no longer

the security of north america is absolutely tied to each of its member states. security in this country or in canada or in mexico if we do not have a system that actually enables the mechanisms to act in fazing threats that have no border, that are transnational by their very nature. these are threats that are not just died into drug trafficking which is transnational, of course. and i'll give you two examples of success stories that i was mentioning thissing. one, the attempt to take to mexico one of the children of coo daffy, one of gadhafi's children. this implied an international and very north american operation because it was headed up by a canadian businesswoman who hired an american company, which hired in tern mexican pilots and counterfeiters. and this multinational operation could have been -- would not have been avoided without the international security mechanisms that we didn't have before but now we have. also being able to avoid the assassination of the saudi ambassador here in washington would not have been possible without the mechanisms of coo