theodore roosevelt, you have found your proper place at last. all hail." that is the end of the quote from the post and the end of the quote from my book. but paul did not hail. roosevelt dismissed the non-hailers as members of a cult of non-mobility. -- non-virility. "it was the supreme test of a man's character." he thought "no triumph of pieces quite so great as the supreme triumphs of war." so how did roosevelt develop this war lust of his? i mentioned, and you already knew i assumed that as a child he was very weak. the only way he could get strong and conquer as mother played him so much that when he red by -- read by candlelight he didn't have the strength of breath to blow up the candle. he had to call a parent to do it. he started a program at his father's urging of bodybuilding. weightlifting, boxing, wrestling, hunting. as a result, before he became a man he began a he-man. the question is what affects did this transformation of his corporeal self have on his ideological self? here is my theory, and again i quote from the golden lad. roosevelt'se

in my library at home i have about 12 biographies of theodore roosevelt. and this is just one of them. this is a three volume biography of roosevelt. it's by edmund morris. i want to show you the half of this. -- heft of this. this is the life of theodore roosevelt. that is my book about theodore roosevelt. i obviously a human explanation about the disparity in size, but i would like to do it metaphorically. not in terms of the different -- i don't want these remind me of how much i didn't write. i want to make the explanation metaphorically, not in terms of books but in terms of paintings. theodore roosevelt's life was a mural. all the books written about him indicate there was so much to his life, more to his life, more separate, interesting elements and there were two the life of any other president we've ever had. you probably know about his childhood. he was a weakling. he was asthmatic. he eventually built himself up to be in copper instantly strong. -- in copper hensel -- incomprehensibley strong. he held more offices in government than any other pre

how would you describe the personality of three door roosevelt -- theodore roosevelt? mr. leuchtenburg: [laughter] i had the great pleasure of working with ken burns almost from the beginning of his career. the most recent one appeared on screen, was "the roosevelt's." and in it, another friend tells the story of a man calling on theodore roosevelt, and explosive sounds coming from the room. afterwards, when the visitor walked out, someone said to him, "what did you say to theodore roosevelt?" the man said, " i told him my name." [laughter] mr. brinkley: people talk about the progressive era, and we talk about theodore roosevelt as being a progressive president. do you consider him a bleeding progressive? mr. leuchtenburg: i spent so many years teaching that progressive era, and i think -- i was mentioning, medieval the eology, trying to define what was meant by progressivism, it has interested me for a long time. i found out i would never define it. if you mean, was roosevelt a change maker? yes, i think he was. it was one of the surprises in writing the book. many histori

. ♪ up next on the presidency, roosevelt, theodore roosevelt great-great-grandson talks about the presidentvolving theory of the constitution. when theses moments debates have shaped national policy as they did during the world war ii japanese-american internment under president friendly roosevelt. the commonwealth club of california hosted this event. it is about one hour. >> good evening everybody. it is my pleasure to be the moderator tonight for professor kermit roosevelt. as you probably know, he is the great-great-grandson of theodore roosevelt. roy: we discussed beforehand whether there is a shorter word than great-great-grandson in english, but apparently there is not. so, that is so we are stuck with. the honor of having him here though, is much more founded in his skill in both his legal backgrounds and in his writing ability, he has produced several books on constitutional law, u.s.g served as a clerk to supreme court under justice david souter. he has written both novels and books on law. will be at least some discussion about his latest "allegiance." it is about the incarcerati

they asked themselves, what the theodore roosevelt had done? the answer was the word for greater missouri. tr was the great pusher of the boy scouts, the godfather nl franklin roosevelt organizes the boy scouts of greater new york to go to bear mountains state park on the hudson river and bring all these inner-city kingd to do or shoes and archery and fishing and ensure the bounties, of nature in the hunt said and unfortunately he went swimming with these boy scouts and we think they are contracting the polio virus and he didn't manifested self until he got to new brunswick and while he was there he went to bed. he had the slats. he didn't feel well and he woke up with no feeling in the lower half of his body. the menu on no studies is nothing to fear but fear itself was another fear and panic and terror. eleanor roosevelt became his florence nightingale and was very generous of her because she had found love letters from the same verses that fdr was having an affair. she put all of that aside. he goes back to hype heart and the hudson to shield

so, the first question real -- relates to president roosevelt -- theodore roosevelt, and the antitrustlaws. and why was he so much of an advocate of a strong enforcement of the antitrust laws? prof. roosevelt iii: that is very consistent with theodore roosevelt's philosophy of governance and his political philosophy, which is that the government should serve the public interest. the government should enact laws that benefit everyone. he was worried about, as if it, the tyranny of the minority. he was worried that a small number of powerful individuals, or powerful interests, could exert an undue influence. either through the legislature, that they could capture the legislature and get laws enacted that benefited them, or maybe, just through the free market. which, can produce dysfunctions if you get monopolies or intense concentrations of power. so, what he was doing there was he was trying to minimize the extent to which concentrated power in the hands of private individuals could be deployed for selfish ends. rather than to serve the public good. roy: you use the term "due process cl

theodore roosevelt. we're going to enter the roosevelt dining room.g was very formal in the family. nothing happened until father came home from work, changes out of one suit, changes into an evening suit. children are expected to dress for dinner. they would do theme nights around the table, could be french, one night could be german, italian. so if you wanted to pass the food, you had to say it in the language of the day. roosevelt goes on to speak six languages, read in four. food was brought up by the dumbwaiter system, which is right behind this door. so the kitchen was downstairs on the lower level. so that, the area that we all walked in today that was considered the service area, there would have been an informal eating area, kitchen, servants' quarters in the rear of the home. that was until 1865. in 1865, we know that family added a fifth level to the house for servants quarters. the dining room table on display is original to roosevelt's grandfather's home, the chairs date back to his sister's side of the family, and it's all about the dyna

leuchtenburg: he was a commissioner in the philippines, he had been a member of theodore roosevelt cabinet. when i was a graduate student, we used to say, always trying to do our elders one better, that taft was actually more of progressive than teddy roosevelt. more antitrust suits under taft proportionately then there were under teddy roosevelt. and elders were shaking, saying you don't understand, they had lived through that era. of course, they were right. we were wrong. maybe that is because i am an elder now. [laughter] mr. leuchtenburg: teddy roosevelt seems so much larger a figure, taft said that he never thought of anybody as the president but teddy roosevelt, even when he was in the white house. often, at contrast with progressives, teddy roosevelt, taft is thought of as conservative, although there are a number of ways in which taft did support progressive legislation and was far from being the right winger that he is often portrayed to be. nonetheless, there is a decided change of atmosphere in washington from teddy roosevelt to taft. nobody missed it taft for the dynamic -- my

professor chace describes the personalities and relationships between woodrow wilson, theodore roosevelt, william howard taft and eugene debs. >> welcome to viewers on c-span's book tv. today we're here to discuss james chace's new book, "1912: wilson. roosevelt, taft and debs -- the election that changed the country". it has just been published by simon and schuster. woodrow wilson center is the official memorial to our 28th president. created in 1968 by an act of congress within the smithsonian institution. because woodrow wilson headed princeton university before becoming president the center memorializes his legacy as a bridge between the worlds of academia and public policy. it fulfills this mission through a residential fellows program and by serving as neutral forum for over 400 meetings a year at which even the most contentious issues can be discussed. the center is non-advocacy. it takes no position on policy issues. rather the purpose of this institution's research and meetings is to contribute to the policy debate by providing historical context and an understanding of foreign

high school renot to my knowledewal t or deny theodore roosevelt the whereas code section the theodoreoosevelt charter academy incorporated submitted a petition for renewal ever theodore roosevelt high school charter academy to the san francisco unified school district and whereas pursuarude cal education the board of education the district received a petition an january 12th and whereas district shall ply with the action on the petition as required by law and the whereas the board of education should consider the level of public support and review the information received with respect to the petition including the spofs dominates and warrior you've issued a report and recommendation to the board of education regarding the review the petition therefore, be it resolved shall grant the petition subject to the requirement and so forth by law all right. public speakers thank you for your your cooperation and (calling names) >> you thank you. the best thio hear in the students i thank you for allowing us to come before you my name is dr. alive the president of the theodore roosevelt academy

high school renot to my knowledewal t or deny theodore roosevelt the whereas code section the theodore roosevelt charter academy incorporated submitted a petition for renewal ever theodore roosevelt high school charter academy to the san francisco unified school district and whereas pursuarude cal education the board of education the district received a petition an january 12th and whereas district shall ply with the action on the petition as required by law and the whereas the board of education should consider the level of public support and review the information received with respect to the petition including the spofs dominates and warrior you've issued a report and recommendation to the board of education regarding the review the petition therefore, be it resolved shall grant the petition subject to the requirement and so forth by law all right. public speakers thank you for your your cooperation and (calling names) >> you thank you. the best thio hear in the students i thank you for allowing us to come before you my name is dr. alive the president of the theodore roosevelt acade

theodore roosevelt, uncle theodore you select big elk and grizzly bear. got all sorts of new creatures and documentation about this incredible wage to the galapagos. >> they were great travelersout this they love to travel. it must've been in the genes. you get the travel. that trip almost killed him.eve almo >> here is an interesting factoid for you all he would get terribly sick it. he liked seeing ahead of him. he went to africa and spent a year's can be our state to live for a while hiking through the grand canyon the ceremony on his way from arizona and utah to see rainbow bridge. president h the gopher tortoises. i've written one of the best books about the galapagos pre- darwin. ecuador -- fdr also wanted to have the big bend jointly e run english jointly run the canada.t, he wa echo systems don't know borders. they they cross over the river. you have to refrain from the artificial barriers. the big issue being pushed pushing is called conservation is a basis of world piece. his father's close pal, very post the altar at the time the global polluti

as i was reading it i was amazed, why theodore roosevelt was doing this? why do you believe -- what was his motivation for doing it? i don't want to give my own opinion. >> host: theodore roosevelt lost the election of 1912 and goes to south america and goes down this incredibly dangerous rapid choked rivers that no one knows -- the river of doubt, because no one knew where it would take them and what was around each bend and the reason he did it was he was theodore roosevelt and winston churchill would have done it too. he had won throughout his life and he loses this contact and is a pariah for the first time in his life, put woodrow wilson, a democrat in the white house, splits the republican vote, and he is devastated. to go on a speaking tour, incredible sentiment in many books, so he is going to take another collecting trip, he gets there and he lets this friend of his -- hired on arctic explorer to plan this trip to the amazon so they are not even prepared for a collecting trip. and map and unmapped river and theodore roosevelt is going to say no to

and they are theodore roosevelt, booker t. washington and lewis and elloise carnegie and andrew carnegie. and we're highlighting here an image that comes from our prints and photographs division and it is a political cartoon from puck and it is portraying what we would call theodore roosevelt's kitchen cabinet so it is not the actual members of the cabinet but friends of his and people close to him, political allies, and people that he had relied on for advice. and you can see jacob riis is in the picture so he's in that inner circle and he is the small figure in colonial uniform, that's the second from the left. holding the hanky to his face. and you can see booker t. washington is also in the doorway so it's sort of a metaphor of the civil rights status at that time and of him being welcomed at the white house by theodore roosevelt. and roosevelt himself is the only person in the picture that's not crying. so how did riis meet theodore roosevelt? that's the story of his activism in new york city. and we have here in our case

he asked himself, what would theodore roosevelt do? and the answer was, he worked for the boy scouts. of greater new york. teddy roosevelt was a great pusher of the boy scouts, the godfather of it and now franklin roosevelt organizes the boy scouts of greater new york to go to bear mountain state park on the hudson river in his backyard and bring all of these inner-city kids to do horseshoes, archery, fishing, and enjoy and enjoy the bounties of nature and the hudson. unfortunately he went swimming with the boy scouts and we think they're contracted the polio virus. it didn't manifest itself until he got to new brunswick and while he was there he went to bed, he had the sweats, he did not feel well, and he woke up with no feeling in the lower half of his body. the man you know for saying we have nothing to fear but fear itself, that was another fear and panic and terror. eleanor roosevelt became is florence nightingale. was very generous of her because she had found love letters from lucy mercer that fdr was having an affair. she put th

it is portraying what we would call theodore roosevelt's kitchen cabinet. it is not the actual members of the cabinet. it is people who were friends of his and close to him, political allies and people he relied on for advice. you can see that jacob riis is in the picture. he is in that circle. he is the small figure in colonial uniform, second from the left, holding a hanky to his face. you can see that booker t. washington is also in the doorway. it is sort of a metaphor of the civil rights status at that time and him being welcomed at the white house by theodore roosevelt. roosevelt himself is the only person in the picture not crying. how did riis meet theodore roosevelt? that is the story of his activism in new york city. we have here in our case on allies the basic story of the bromance between theodore roosevelt and jacob riis. they first met in 1894. the new administration was elected in new york city that was a reform administration under mayor william strong. it is often described as "the good government" movement. in that one administration, a lo

on the theodore roosevelt -- subject of theodore roosevelt and franklin roosevelt, you initially thoughtecades ago the modern presidency was created or defined under fdr. you have now come to believe that it was -- that this happened during theodore roosevelt. why? william: i not only thought that, i wrote it. so, i'm -- charlie: -- jeff: i know. william: i am therefore readers to find. that's a barely -- fairly common view, that the modern presidency begins with franklin delano roosevelt. as i wrote this book, i started out with that assumption. then i came to the conclusion america big change in takes place under t.r. the presidency was so remarkably weak, particularly in the late 19th century. all of a sudden, he bursts on the scene. in both foreign affairs, domestic policy, he is a man who makes a big difference. jeff: you do deal with mckinley a little bit in this book. was that one of his great gifts? it would be generous to say -- jeff: accommodating. william: that's closer to say -- to it. teddy roosevelt was strongly disliked by the political powers in new york city when he was

so how did riis meet theodore roosevelt? that's the story of his activism in new york city. and, we have here in our case on allies the basic story of the bro-mance of roosevelt and riis. they met in 1894 when a new administration was elected in new york city that was a reform administration under mayor william strong. and it's often described as the good government movement. and in that one brief administration, a lot of the social reforms that riis had been recommending as well as the other people in his network of reform were manifested including better sanitation. one of the things that strong was famous for was appointing a sanitation engineer who created the white wings, who were sanitary workers that wore pristine white uniforms and one point paraded down 5th avenue as a kind of army of sanitation but the issue that theodore roosevelt and riis worked on primarily was the closing of police lodging houses. and the way they met was that mayor strong appointed theodore roosevelt as police commission during his administration and the police headquarters was right across the

howard taft is the republican candidate and woodrow wilson is the democratic candidate and theodore roosevelt is running in the progressive party, the bull moose party. by them is produced democratic national committee and is called the old way and the new. very rich, with this fat plutocrat who comes into his office where one of his flunkies is dutifully dusting off portraits of theodore roosevelt and william howard taft. together as an example of the old way of doing things. so he's got lots of money and is dispensing favors and there's all sorts of bribes and political corruption. new are contrasted with the way of doing things represented by woodrow wilson, the champion of the common man. plea forends with a people to send one dollar to the democratic national committee on behalf of the woodrow wilson campaign because woodrow wilson is for the common man, republicans are for the wealthiest 1%. nothow, those tropes have changed in the last 100 years. have 1.4 million items in the collection, so there are plenty of treasures out there to be discovered. the great thing is, with new technolog

i was amazed why theodore roosevelt was doing this. why do you believe -- what was his motivation? don't know -- don't want to give you my own opinion. >> those of you who don't know the story, theodore roosevelt iy 1912, goes to south america down this incredibly incredibly dangerous rapids choked river, no one knows where it leads. n the river of doubt. because no one knew where it would take them and what was around each benz, the reason he did it was because he is the a roosevelt and winston churchill would have done it too. he had won and won and won throughout his life and he loses and he loses a huge contest and he is a pariah for the first time in his life which he put woodrow wilson, a democrat, in d the white house, split the republican vote and he had this depression in his life and he was devastated and to go on a speaking tour in south america, an incredible naturalist, has written many books about birds and he will take another trip, he gets there and nobody has been preparing, he left this friend of his who is a priest who hired an arctic explorer to planned this tri

the task of propelling a third wave of conservation in the united states following that of theodore roosevelt to make science the servant of conservation, and to devise new programs of land stewardship that will enable us to preserve this green environment which means so much to all of us. [applause] this country has great particular emphasis from its beginning, from the time of the massachusetts bay colony, on educating our children. most importantly, because we realize that the free democratic system of government, which places more burdens on the individual than any other system, must depend in its final analysis upon an informed citizen. of all the weight in the united states in the 1960's to have 8 or 9 million boys or girls will drop out of school before they have finished it, come into the labor market unprepared at the very time when machines are taking the place of men and women. i think we have to insist that our children be educated to the limit. not just in your state or in massachusetts, but all over the united states. thomas jefferson and john adams, who developed the northwest

on the subject of theodore roosevelt and franklin roosevelt, you initially thought decades ago the modernresidency was created or defined under fdr. as i wrote this book, i started out with that assumption. then i came to the conclusion that the big change in america takes place under t.r. the presidency was so remarkably weak, particularly in the late 19th century. william: that's closer to it. teddy roosevelt was strongly disliked by the political powers in new york city when he was governor, and they thought the way to get rid of him was to put him in the vice presidential position, where nobody would ever hear of him again. the famous story of the industrialist who said, don't you realize that there is just one life between that man and the white house? and he turned to mckinley and said, now it's up to you to live. as we know, that's not what happened. roosevelt burst on the scene. then the industrialist said, "now that damn cowboy is president of the united states." jeff: did mckinley get a bad rap? plunged the united states needlessly into the spanish-american war. not many histori

the extinction and the species is what really concerned theodore roosevelt a great deal. it did the same for franklin roosevelt. fdr's mechanism was again he had people coming in and say -- the reason they slaughtered all the birds was because any woman in the audience to hear me would have come years ago for a public lecture wearing bonnet with ornamental feathers. just like you see the pictures of the buffalo that some people say 30-60 million use to go across the great plains, in florida they would come with some i automatic weapons and these and gotten them all down, plucking the feathers and stilling the eggs. we were decimating species. the flamingo used to be all over florida and now luckily there is a remnant survival birth in the bahamas but we drove them out of florida. roosevelt, theater roosevelt was told this and he said let's go to the indian river and pelican island and declare it a federal bird reserve. and he said i so declare it. that became the birth of u.s. fish and wildlife, although fdr creates fish and wildlife. what theodore roosevelt does is establ

this was the home of ansley wilcox, a prominent buffalo attorney who was friends with theodore roosevelt when roosevelt was in the new york state assembly. roosevelt as vice president didn't have all that much to do. he was actually in buffalo three times. he came to open the pan american exposition on president's day. william mckinley was supposed to be here, but his wife ida, who was in ill health, prevented him from coming, so roosevelt substituted for him in may of 1801. and then of course, when mckinley was shot on september 6th of 1901, roosevelt was looking for a hotel room and just by chance bumped into ansley wilcox and mr. wilcox offered him his home to stay while he was in buffalo tending to the wounded president. the family is on mt. marcie, the highest peak in new york state. camping, hiking, a runner coming up the mountain, no small feat in and of itself to let roosevelt know the president has taken a turn for the worst and he needs to immediately get back to buffalo, that there is really no hope for the president. so it's a 30-mile journey to the north creek station, railr

so so when the idea of commemorating theodore roosevelt's achievements, when that was spoken about, this is after his death, he dies january 6, 1919. shortly after his death prominent women in new york prominent women in new york, formed the women's roosevelt's memorial association. we call it wr ma. they got together and decided roosevelt was worthy of a memorial of some type. so six months later the women in his family get on board. so the so the women had knew the president most intimately are active in this idea of preserving his memory. so we have his two sisters, alice and -- pardon me, anna and karen. they lived here as well. his second wife, edith, who also spent a great deal of time here as a child because she grew up just south of us, his daughters and his niece. his niece was the most famous roosevelt woman of them all, eleanor roosevelt. they decide it would be nice to rebuild his birth place. so this so this is how the site looked. the uncle's house next-door and this two-story building when this idea of memorializing roosevelt came about. so they purchased both properties,

wasn't an oval office when theodore roosevelt was in the white house. just a regular rectangular sized room in the center of the west wing, in fact today what's called the roosevelt room where presidents have meet examination everything, that was the site of theodore roosevelt's office. franklin roosevelt, because of his polio, wheelchair, all of the time, he actually moved the oval office, which was first built by william howard taft in 1909. roosevelt just to be able to access it easier, he moved the office to its current position, which is southeast corner of the west wing, and if you know, you have seen presidents on television, they walk down that famous covered walkway, an idea of thomas jefferson, walk down the famous colonnade into the oval office. its location in the corner of the west wing, that was roosevelt because he simply needed to access it better with his wheelchair. good question. >> president obama, previous presidents who would hold monthly meetings, press conferences, i don't get that with president obama. i know he speaks at crises

meet theodore roosevelt? that is the story of his activism in new york city. , the basic case ce betweenhe broman theodore roosevelt and jacob riis. they first met in 1894. the new administration was elected in new york city with the reform administration. it is often described as "government. the good government movement. manifested including better sanitation. he was famousngs for was appointed sanitation and an engineer who created the cemetery workers that war workers.white printed as an army of sanitation. ofparaded as an army sanitation. the issue roosevelt and riis worked on was the closing of lodging houses. they met, the mayor appointed theodore roosevelt as police commissioner and the police headquarters was right across the street from jacob riis's journalism office. the door roosevelt was artie aware of him. said it and jacob rees knew in the moment i saw him, they merely formed a bond. they went about at night on these nightly raids so that riis could familiarize roosevelt with the neighborhood.

this was the home of ansley wilcox, a prominent buffalo attorney who was friends with theodore roosevelt when roosevelt was in the new york state assembly.

were usedresources skillfully and economically and because of the wise work done by theodore rooseveltnificant progress was made in conserving these resources. we make -- unless we make the proper decisions today on how we should use our water and air and land and oceans, unless we make an effort comparable to what theodore roosevelt and others made 50 years ago, we will waste. today's conservation movements must embrac discipline unknown in the past, marshall our best technological resources. it must concern itself with theear energy as well as chemistry of water. the factors of open space. our priority is to attack and increase our understanding of our environment to a point where we can enjoy it without defacing it, without subtracting permanently from its value, and maintain a living balance between man's actions and nature's reactions. for this nation's great andurces is an elastic productive as our ingenuity can make it. our national assets belong to all of us. find by concentrating our energies on our national resources, on conserving them and developing and approving them, the

theodore roosevelt, that's a man. he's very -- he's very manly. so listen to -- here's some of -- some quotes from roosevelt. i wish to preach not the doctrine of ignobled ease but the doctrine of the strenuous life. while president, i have been president emphatically. i took the canal zone in panama and let congress debate. while the debate goes on, the canal does also. when he ran for the presidency in 1912, rather than saying, i am announcing my candidacy, he said, my hat is in the ring. the fight is on and i am stripped to the buff. here's what he said about war. no triumph of peace is quite so great as the supreme triumph of war. a just war in the long run is far better for a man's soul than the most prosperous peace. in strict confidence, i should welcome almost any war for i think this country needs one. war is good. it's masculine. we do not admire the man of timid peace. when great nations fear to expand, shrink from expansion, it's because their greatness is coming to an end. are we still in the prime of our lusty youth? still at the beg

of course, as theodore roosevelt had done in 1898. how, in other words, can we be neutral and safe at the same time? as i said, little of that fear, little of that suspicion translated to german americans. the vast majority of them, at least since the american civil were disproportionately catholic. that is, a lot of those same german americans have come from specifically to get away from the depression system. german americans were quite proud of it, the single most assimilated group in the united immigrants and ours,"ic of this, "one of won the pulitzer certificate prize in 1920. who gives up on plans to study in germany because of how repulsed he is by actions, but never turns his back on the german americans in his own community. ugly me they are such looking people the folks around here ain't ugly looking, asks their housekeeper? replies, the ugly ones are doing the killing while the ermans on the home front are nice, like our neighbors. a woman with s, not a few sentiments of her own wrote german americans are not vandals, the g

as i was reading it, i was just amazed why theodore roosevelt was doing that. why do you believe -- what was his motivation for doing that? >> well, for those of you who don't know the story, peter roosevelt lost an election in 1912 and then he goes to south america in this incredibly, incredibly dangerous rapids river that no one knows where it leads. that's why the headwaters, the river of doubt and no one knew where it was going to take them and the reason they did is because peter roosevelt and winston churchill would have done it, too. he had one and one and one throughout his life and he loses this huge contest and is a provider for the first time in his life. he spoke woodrow wilson and the white house to split the the wh republican vote and he has this depression that is sort of haunted his life and he was devastated. so he gets this invitation to go on a speaking tour in south america. he's written many books about birds and so he's going to take another trip. he could bear and nobody -- the spread of his who was a priest who hired an art of explorer to

perot he has two evergreen heroes and it's theodore roosevelt and winston churchill. and he takes a lot from them. we forget now that both of them were considered in t.r.'s case a damn cowboy when roosevelt became president, he was just -- mckinley was assassinated. and the republican party of mark hanna and the old mckinley machine didn't trust t.r. he was considered an iconoclast and individualist and the cowboy notion. ross perot, his father was a cotton broker. but also was a -- broke horses, went to cattle auctions, considered himself a bit of a texas cowboy. and everything about theodore roosevelt is impressed ross perot. and i think gave him courage, if t.r. can do a bull moose party, why can't i run in 1992? and churchill it gout woes saying, anybody who loves -- it goes without saying, anybody who loves grit, winston churchill is your figure and the two people he admires most. in his office a portrait of george washington and talks about the founding fathers. but which founding father ross perot is like, i thought about in today. patrick henry. we always talk