this was largely led by venezuela, venezuela does not have a huge accusation to weather these prices. their economy is a deep crisis. so they need to see the price of oil go up. but saudi arabia has $650 billion to get through these oil prices. and rush are sha as well, has sizable reserves. so both of them have a accusation. but real cushion. they both have to diversity, and they haven't done a very good job of diversitying their economy. >> a lot of soul searching needs to go on. what. >> u.s. shale oil producers would love to see prices go up, because their production costs are higher than saudi arabias and russia's. they's why these low oil prices have being putting pressure on oil producers. we saw a lot go bankrupt this year, and this year many as a