kashmir. christine will present particularly interesting regional differences in pakistan. they're an ethnic mix is crucial to understand its politics and its relations to its neighbors. we will see it is important to understanding attitudes to the u.s. and to the taliban as well. christine is a specialist in south asia. she has traveled many times to afghanistan and pakistan. currently, she is a senior political scientist at the rand corporation and was previously at the u.s. institute of peace. some of her good ideas went into the development of the questionnaire for the study. finally, stephen cohen is a senior fellow in foreign policy studies at brookings institution. he is the co-author on books are in the american involvement in south asia and a volume entitled "the idea of pakistan."