the embodiment of african- american voting rights. rainey was also a symbol for african americans. these were men who not only represented their small districts or their states and the constituents therein, but they represented african- americans nationally and they were a source of pride. that is reflected in the material culture. rainey serves for almost 8 years. he has the longest-serving african-american during the reconstruction period. he establishes a couple of firsts. he is the first african- american to preside over the house while it is in session. that happens in 18 74 -- in 1874. his experiences typical of these individuals who come to the house in relatively small numbers. the high point, in terms of the number of african-americans is the 43rd congress, mid-1870s. there are only six or seven african-americans in congress at that point. they are too small of a group to drive a legislative agenda. where they do contribute to legislation is to come out and speak on behalf of their constituents and their political rights. and there are abuses against those political rights

you had african-americans on u street. they had taken up sniper positions on the rooftop read -- rooftop. and so when world war ii came around, when all americans began to see our entrance into world war ii, african-americans said -- we are going to fight for victory at home. we want the double v. our college campuses had double v contests. an all-encompassing aspect it would not stop our agitation at home and that agitation began with the struggle to desegregate the armed forces. today what we call the civil rights movement began with the struggle to desegregate america's military. >> this notion of internal and external enemies, we have to fight for the right to fight, fight for our own rights. i think you make the case quite convincingly that the african-american experience in the military mirrored that in some ways. but mirrored that of the african-american experience. if your experience in the military would play to out that -- play to that if in fact you felt that the military was ahead of the rest of society or behi

i am a phd in african-american history and carter g woodson is better known as the father of african-american history. he is one of the founders of african-american history as a professional discipline. carter g woodson was born to enslaved parents in 1875. he was not formally educated until 20 years old. he worked in the coal mines in west virginia to save up money. he went on to get his bachelor's in kentucky and his masters at degree atr bachelor the university of chicago. he is the second person of african descent to obtained a doctorate at harvard university. so, it is very special to me to be in this location. this is his home and office where he started the association for the study of negro life and history, which is the premier historical and public history organization that educates teachers, professors, on the topic of african-american history and promotes it within the country. >> what would have gone on in the space, and what time period are we talking about? turkiya: he purchased the home in 1922 and remained there until his death in 1950. he used this as an office for the assoc

recently, an african american c.n.e. was accused of abuse because she removed food from a patient who was vomiting. a co-worker accosted, one co-worker accosted two african americans and told them they are no good. they are, you know, they are a waste of time. this was reported to e.o. e.o.'s response was they have found nothing to substantiate racism. so, this is the equitable and fair employer that we work for. >> supervisor kim: thank you, miss rutherford. next speaker. >> good morning. miss kim, miss brown, miss fewer, i'm amos brown. president of the san francisco branch of the national association for the advancement of colored people. and also have had the honor of for 43 years serving as senior pastor of the historic third baptist church san francisco. i must respectfully submit that i am very troubled over the atmosphere, attitude, and the actions of san francisco political leadership toward its citizens of darker hue. it's out loud blatant disrespect. the first item i want to say that catalogues that, no person

certainly among african-american writers. he wanted this book to be the great prize winner in bestseller, but unfortunately it flopped. in some ways, this is the book we still need to digest. this is the difficulty of black labor and middle-class and basically this is a suggestion that we have great distance to travel. when his friend said, you know, you've betrayed me intellectually and they fell apart as friends. ellison was becoming known at the end of the 1940s is really not just the great intellectual, but somebody who understood cells to be the great artist like langston hughes and chester himes, in some ways sort of a lofty picture and they would often say to admirers he thought chester was intellectually dishonest and assorted interesting, he featured kind of ad hominem attack in the novel lonely crusade. it's hilarious. you really must read it. chester also as friends with one of our assorted underdog african-american reviewers, intellectuals, writer in his own right from chicago. despite the support of a group of pe

woodson is the father of african-american history. he is one of the founders of african-american history as a professional discipline. he wasn't normally -- formally educated until he was 20. he worked in the coal mines. he saved of the enough money to attend high school, douglas high school and west virginia. he went on to get his bachelors degree in kentucky and his masters and another bachelors degree at the university of chicago. even more understanding, he is the second person of african descent to obtain a doctorate -- doctorate at harvard university. it is very special to me to be in this location pick this is his home and office where he started the association for the study of [null] life and history. it is the premier historical and public history organization that educates teachers, professors on the topic of african american history and promotes it.>> what was going on in this space and what time. are we talking about? >> he purchased the home in 1922. he remained in the room -- home until his death in 1950 pick he used it

the african-american experience in the larger society. i was going to ask you if your experience in the military would play out that thesis. if in fact, you felt like that the military was maybe ahead of the rest of society, or behind? how did you see your role as an african-american woman in the military, versus your role in society? >> i think the army organization was ahead of the curve with opportunities. for me, it was more about sexism and racism. of course i encountered some racism. in the military, being in there 30 years. but some subtle stuff. but i think that being a female , being a black female, there was some perspective about black females. we were enslaved, and not house owners, but we cleaned houses. we do not have leadership abilities. and so, being in charge of a platoon full of males, that was a little challenging. [ laughter ]so it mirrors the civilian world in some ways. but i think the sexism was more of my case then the racism. >> of course in some ways that might mirror society today as well. i don't think i have

we also look at retention of african american workers. what is the average tenure for an african american worker in comparison to a white worker or asian worker. also, i think when we are looking about race and specifically talking about race, that it is really important to drill down and look at the comparisons of what is a dominant culture and a society and what is a, and how this group compares to the dominant culture in san francisco is a white culture. so, how is the african american population in our work force in comparison to that dominant culture. and so, those are the kinds of questions that i want to ask because i think that while on paper we can say we are doing this, and that it works well, i think that actually it is when you drill down to find out how equitable our employment opportunities in the city are for african american workers and also the things are the subtle things that every day if you go into a workplace beat down on you. and i will say that many of it, sometimes is not documented. many of it -- many times it is

historian kate nasr discussing lincoln, a book published [indiscernible] talk of african americans who knew and worked for president lincoln and first lady mary todd lincoln. ms. maser wrote the book. president lincoln's cottage in washington, d.c., [indiscernible] >> joining us tonight is dr. kate maser, the first reprint written by johnny washington with instruction and edits by dr. maser, she teaches at northwestern, and emancipation of land and coed tort of the war civil war made and law and politics in everyday life, how americans grapple with questions of race and equality after the abolition of slavery and the south. she has worked with the national park service on reconstruction. including the reconstruction national monument in south carolina. does it feel like the recent past or distant past. yet when we think of it from the perspective of human experience, it can feel startling recent. after while, jon tyler has two living grandchildren. similarly in the 1940s johnny washington interviewed african americans who had been alive in the 1860s. he recovered these stories about wh

but the african-american was overlooked. rather than looking at desertion in the context of emancipation, the government officials instead set their motivations were centered on free white male specific duty. black troops joined a military structure built to enlist and manage citizen soldiers. but formerly enslaved men did not fit in. the language used to describe black men who left their posts of secure the meaning of their fleeing. military officials in the 19th century use the term desertion to describe white soldiers who abandoned their contracts. in the eyes of the law deserters failed to uphold their oats and violated their contracts. second the government and wider public recognized desertion connoted a political relationship to the dereliction of contract. during the civil war era americans understood a community and nation. military service was an expression of their commitment to community and country. it functioned as a manifestation of masculine citizenship. as such desertion indicated a broken relationship to th

that's suffering, but it is us, african americans especially. i have to represent one of my co-workers where a chair was physically pulled from underneath her by this manager, we have a nurse that works with our c.d.i. team that quit because -- [no audio] [microphone is silent] >> thank you. thank you, ms. hardy. [applause] >> hi. i'm from san francisco general hospital. it is not zuckerberg general hospital. [cheering] [applause] and when i -- and when i spoke out about that, when i spoke out about that, i learn what had it is like to not be white because i started to get a whole other kind of treatment from administration at the hospital. when i spoke out about facebook's unethical research practice and how that was a threat to our patient population, here's what -- here's what happened. even when i tried to do something good, i came to speak at a meeting of about 60, 70 mostly manager there is and there was a presentation about sexual orientation and gender identity. and a training that i was invited to speak about so i spoke afterwards and i

this is a critical moment for african-americans.ne thing that they did have to worry about was how they spoke about the government. today we think of our right is being enshrined by the first 10 amendments. and they were but the obligations of citizenship for being discussed. what you owe the government what the government owed you. we are still kind of trapped in that moment. again, conscription played a big role in that because you could not interfere with the draft. it would undermine the confidence in the military. that would lead to the suppression of speech during the war. you also get the people going around the country giving short four-minute speeches basically attesting to why they should end the war. why four minutes? a round number? it is also concise but critically, they made speeches and public markets, libraries and perhaps outside of newspapers. it took about four minutes for it to be the pitch to an audience in the newsreels. the government wanted to emphasize these things. let's do our share. we need to send the ri

workers and african american communities in san francisco. thank you for listening. [applause] >> thank you, mr. kelly. >> it's unfortunate i'm always constantly speaking out, as they say. wisdom is speaking out in the wilderness and it is really unfortunate because in actuality, i do know that none of you here, none of you are going to be able to help us. that is the bottom line. we need to start telling the people the truth is that this corruption is going on internal, the not going to be able to help us. because you know why? the reason you can't help us is that because can't help yourself. your morals and your values are totally obsolete. it doesn't matter anymore. you feel that you can do what you want to do, say what you want to say. as long as you think that you are going to represent these people. many of you have been in how many positions all this time and the condition is getting worse. [applause] you know it's getting worse. i want to know why we playing the political game. yeah, i'm running for this office. but i'm running not to

we say it black firefighters and not all of the cadets are african-american.is a spread. there is asians. it shows how far we have come. when you talk to me about earl gage, it is a name. it is a memory. i agree with you in terms of remembrance. but earl gage or whoever it is, that name should be burned into your soul for the point of view for the black firefighters, that somebody had to pay the price to be able to get here. for myself, is a commissioner, part of that, and we mentioned it was part of the consent agree i remember the day when firefighters, what is called the plaintiff his against disagreement. it was a really clear definition of what your associations stood for on an asian level at an african-american level or latino level. part of that was diversity. or an opportunity to have members of our community to serve within this requirement. it does not necessarily have to be african-american, but in this state and this presentation, the point of information -- of the we said that many times. its may 24th year as a fire commissioner but i was a first

however, african-american women who practices that practiced as nurses -- that practiced as nurses were content -- considered -- and they could get away with paying them less. make this able to practice more of a field for women, however they did get pushback from medical surgeons who were predominantly men, and these men would tell women they ceased to be women if they started practicing medicine. there was a lot of discrimination within the field, but women, including dorothea past thisry -- pushed discrimination and were able to held -- help medical field by leaps and bounds and helped save many lives. the next stop will be market square where we will talk about women and the other businesses they ran during the war. here we are in market square. this is the oldest, continuously operating marketplace in the united states, and during the civil war, this is the marketplace where women who worked on local farms would come in and sell fruits and vegetables to nurses, who would take them to the soldiers recovering in the hospital. while this was a legal practice, there were also illegal p

losing its african american middle class. and this trend has not been reversed. meaningful nondiscriminatory employment opportunitis are essential to ensuring that african americans are able to remain in san francisco. as a second largest employer in the bay area, the city and county of san francisco must work to end discrimination in its workplaces and ensure access to jobs for black san franciscans. this hearing and mayor breed's directive are a first step to ending the discrimination against the black population. brightline is here to listen today and we hope to continue to work to support san franciscans black community. thank you. >> thank you. >> good afternoon. thank you all for having this hearing. but i hope that something will come of it to change things. my name is norma nelson and in 2012, i was constructively terminated from the port of san francisco by the current executive director of the port of san francisco. i had worked there for seven years and had not had any disciplinary issues at all. however, i did sli

what about african-americans? african-americans did not have a vote in most states. what was their response? dubois, one of the founders of the end of argued this war presents an opportunity, an opportunity for rapid americans to organize, to demonstrate their patriotism. he had no feelings about germans being less racist than anybody he faced in the united states, but an opportunity to show what african-americans can do and thereby force white america to give african-americans a place at the democratic table. this was his idea. counterargument comments from reverend adam clayton powell senior of harlem, the father of a one-time congressman. is a time ofwar crisis and a crisis is a moment to take advantage of. let's get a few things settled here first, before we make ourselves targets for german bullets. let's get the vote. let's get a federal government that cares more about the well-being of black or colored, as he put it, men, women and children from maine to mississippi than it does about the state of mules and molasses bound on ships for europe. so this was the

there were 179 african-american soldiers.they are making negotiations with the union and it is because they are able to make these aretiations -- yes, they enthusiastic to sign up as was harry jarvis but he was always writing letters back and forth with his wife. there are a lot of black men in these refugee camps during the enlistar josÉ -- i will but the $300 is not enough. you have to guarantee my family will be given rations and taking care of. that they will have the opportunity to homestead. bondgration severed that to the land. even the makeshift spaces of the refugee camp. the one group of soldiers on the mississippi river valley -- they actually come to a recruiting agent and they say -- you cannot keep giving us paper. they ripped it up. you need a big book. they are pushing centralization. you need one big central book where you list all of the marriages. and then we will know that it is anchored. and it is these negotiations that make the bureaucracy even stronger but also make it recognized -- all of the pieces o

now, what about african-americans? african-americans who did not have the vote in most states. what was to be their response? w.e.b.dubois argued that this war presents an opportunity an opportunity for african-americans to organize to demonstrate their patriotism. he had no illusions about germans as being any less racists than anybody he faced in the united states, but an opportunity to step up and show what they could do, show what african-americans could do and thereby force white america to give african-americans a place at the democratic table. this was his idea. the counterargument comes from the guy on the right father of a long-time congressman. and he said wait a minute, you know, a war is a time of crisis and a crisis is a moment to take advantage of. let's get a few things settled here first before we stand up and make ourselves targets for german bullets. let's get the vote. let's get a federal government that shows it cares more about the wellbeing of black or colored men, women and children than it does about the fate of mules and molasses on ships bound for euro

the nation's stories she is the first woman an african-american to hold the post. here is a preview. >> the are the first woman and first african-american to hold this job. >> i am. >> what does that mean to you? >> it means i have a very big job. legacy tohat i have a carry on for the national park service. we have lots of traditions that we are interested in upholding, that we very much care for, but my ownhave to forge path, as the first african-american and first woman, what that will look like. adon't know if there will be lot of significant changes, but maybe a difference in perspective and style as i go about it. john: in what way? helen: being an african-american and being a woman, i have first themselves tolend maybe a different lens. most of the chief historians prior to myself were military -- irians and i myself are myself are more of a social historian by academic training and personal experience. .t just gives me that lens announcer: which the entire interview sunday at 7 p.m. and 11 p.m. eastern. you are watching american history tv only on c-span3.

one is an african american cis woman, and one is a white cis man.and although 12 may seem very, very low, for this unique location and the fact that maria and her staff are reaching what we deem as hard to reach, or folks who perceive themselves as low risk, this is really a significant number here, and it's continuing to grow. so in addition to our other existing new pharmacy prifr prep program, i'm pleased to announce of we've launched our second iteration program. this launched in february of 2018. i'm hoping that many of you have seen this campaign around the city where you live or digitally. we have this posted on social media platforms, and we also have some commercial spots as well in private tv shows which reached a lot of our folks in our priority population. this particular prep supports campaign focuses on the african american community. so after careful analysis of our successes, our challenges, and some of our lessons learned from our last campaign, we realized that over sexualized images of people of color portray a negative narrative

up next on booktv "after words" emery university african-american studies chair carol anderson chronicles the changes to voting requirements following the 2013th supreme court ruling in shelvy v. holder kuchis interviewed by jamie raskin of maryland. this "after words" is a weekly interview program with relevant guest host interviewing top nonfiction authors about their latest book. >> host: i'm delighted to be here with professor carol anderson. before we get into the books say a word about where you grew up in where you live now what you are doing. >> guest: i grew up in columbus ohio. my father was a military man. i spent 20 years in the military and from there i went to school and got my ph.d. and now i live in atlanta. >> host: wonderful. you are a best-selling author of the unspoken truth of our racial divide -- "white rage". >> guest: "white rage" emerged out of looking at the uprising of ferguson and realizing how badly framed in terms of the narrative it was. all of that rage people saying they were missing the policy and systematic way so african-americans advance these policies

only the cities african- americans were willing to honor her. she made the unprecedented move of hiring african-americans to work in the post office, and using her office as a bully pulpit for the cause of civil rights. in 1877, as she battled to retain her office, a committee of african-american men, headed by william roan, passed a resolution in her support, declaring "if any other person is appointed postmaster, the color people will have no chance of getting employment in the post office." whiteman across the political spectrum responded to van lew's handling of this office by marshaling allegations that van lew was erratic and hysterical. there words. it was a backlash against her office holding, more than her wartime comportment, that inclined white richmond to ricardo van lew -- regard van lew is crazy. it was not only former confederates who resented her pay heavier -- behavior. republican men that believed that job should be a man's job resented her as well. we have a tragic situation. van lew in her waning years she loses the postmaste

acuity of african-american men headed by --. passed the resolution declaring is any other person is appointed postmaster, they'll have no chance of getting employment. weitzman across the political spectrum responded to van lou's handling of this office. by marshaling allegations that van lou was erratic and hysterical. a backlash against her office holding, more than her wartime that -- to regard them live in her old age as crazy. it is important to note that it was not only former confederates are resented her behavior as postmaster, but republican men who believe that job was a man's job. that's our should be a man's salary. we have a tragic situation. in her waning years, she's a postmaster ship when hayes comes to office. in her last year, she is poverty-stricken, she spent much of the family fortune on her spy work during the war. she is frightened for her life. there are a papers, death threats. , seems to a.ic skittish, paranoia and, frightened. she seems of sets for their own persecution. it was all to easy to mistake h

i didn't know she was african-american. assume because she was from iran and lived in iran for such a long time, and writes about how she and barack obama hung out for a long time. and the reason they were so tight and such friends is because they don't lake the idea of american exceptionalism. they like that every country has its own culture and we should respect them and this and that. okay. that is kind of a globalist way of thinking. but i'm like i can talk to people like that. but i don't think that a state that kills gays and stones rape victims -- >> sean: iraq? >> yeah. where people don't have drinking water and they have no rights, the women have no rights. i don't think that is like america. america is not like that. america is a place where i, a loud mouth old gorgeous jewish woman comedienne, am allowed freedom of speech. >> sean: is this the freedom of speech you wanted to use? >> well, of course, i look back and go c'mon, sean, get real. i cost me everything -- it cost me everything. no, i wish i worded it bet

african-americans owe their freedom to white people. the only race war is against whites.that's what he said. the congressman is proud of his record and proud of his supporters and he is not responsible for the views of others. the florida governor's race is one of this year's marquee contests. the candidate is tallahassee's mayor, andrew gillum.

she has studied segregated schooling of african-american children for over 25 years. she and i were talking about the impact our education system has had, both to help and hurt african-american children over these years. and the people that have stood out to try to improve education for our children, she's a former national academy of education fellow. she is the 104th president of the american educational research association. she got her bachelor's degree from the university of north carolina, her masters and her doctorate from harvard university. she is a recipient of their prestigious grawmeyer award for education. she has also received awards

and a warrior in peacetime, and also a warrior in peacetime who is also an african—american and comesk violence. we have this black—on—black violence kind of weighing against, or counterbalancing, achilles' experiences of being in afghanistan, when, actually, this is the first time he's been around a lot of people who look like like him, and he is supposed to shoot them. right, so that ended up, i think, allowing me to create kind of a richer — a richer story, in a way, yeah. and also, when you look at the domestic lives and achilles returns — and he always remembers that he's come back from afghanistan, and there's no doubt that his mother was warning him away from his one—time, two—time, three—time girlfriend, because she was considered white trash. right. his parents wanted him to date someone of higher standing than janice. you have this notion of class and race, what might be white trash, being juxtaposed against the, like, slow and steady work of love. you do that in another character in the book, ines, who is a young — well, she isn't actually african—american but she can, as i

what about african-americans? african-americans did not have a vote in most states. be their response? the guy on the left argued that this war presents an opportunity. an opportunity for organize,ericans to to demonstrate their patriotism. he to illusions about germans racist.ss but an opportunity to show what african-americans can do and america to give african-americans a place at the democratic table. idea.as his the counterargument comes from right. on the reverend adam clayton powell senior. congressman.g time he said wait a minute, war at the time of crisis and a crisis is a moment to take advantage of. let's get a few things settled upe first before we stand and make ourselves targets for german bullet. let's get the vote. get a federal government who cares about the well being black or colored as he put it, men, women and children from itne to mississippi than does about the fate of mules and molasses on ship bound for europe. this was the argument. when you look through the black time, you see that argument playing out throughout the end of march. should we

only the city's african-americans were willing to honor her. she hired african-americans to work in the post office and used her office as a believe pulpit for the cause of civil -- as a bully pulpit for the cause of civil rights. the committee of passed american men resolution, declaring if any other person is appointed postmaster, the colored people will have no chance whatsoever of gaining influence in the post office. wightman men across the political spectrum responded to van lew's handling all of this ource by marching in edition she was erratic and hysterical. their words. it was more against her office holding than her wartime comportment that came to regard -- that came to have them regard her as crazy. it was not only former confederates, the republican men who believed a job was a man's that salary should be a man salary. they resented her. we have this tragic situation. postmasteres the comes intoen hayes office. she was poverty-stricken for she spent much of the family fortune on spy work during the war. she is frightened for her l

and i've had far more african-american law clerks than the percentage of african-american students in u.s. law schools. i am proud of all my law clerks. i'm grateful for my friends. this past may i delivered the commencement dress at catholic university law school. i gave the graduates this advice, cherish your friends, look out for your friends, left up your friends, love your friends. over the last eight weeks i've been strengthened by the love of my friends and i thank all my friends. i'm grateful to have my family behind me. my mom rightly gets a lot of attention, but a few words about my dad. he has an unparalleled work ethic and the gift for making friends with people regardless of who they are or where they come from. my dad and i are both passionate sports fans. when i was seven he took me to the 1972 nfc championship game at rfk stadium just two miles from here. upper deck, section 503, row 3, seats eight and nine. when i was 17 we sat in the same seats for the 1982 nfc championship game. in 1995, when i was 30, we were at camden yards, when cal ripken plated his 1,231st cons

barbara ransby, who adnched a black feminist campaign in 1991 in support of anita hill called "african american women in defense of ourselves." this came after hill was questioned by an all-male, all-white senate judiciary committee about her allegations clarence thomas sexually harassed her. determine trying to whether you are telling , i have got toot determine what your motivation might be. woman?u a scorned amy: we will also speak with jodi jacobson, the editor in chief of rewire. alall of that and more, coming . wewelcome to democracy now!,!, democracynow.org, the war and peace report. i'm amy goodman. the top democrat on the senate judiciary committee, dianne feinstein, is calling for the immediate postponement of the nomination proceedings of supreme court nominee brett kavanaugh h after a second womon came forward alleging sexual misconduct by the judge. a former classmatete of kavanaugh's at yale university has accused him of exposing himsmself and thrusting his pens into her face during a college party in a dorm room. the woman, deborah ramirez, spoke on the record to "the new yorker

why not say african-american people? >> i live around african-american people too. live in a real neighborhood. i don't live behind gates with bodyguards. i live in a real neighborhood with working people. i choose to do that. >>sean: i was going to ask. you know what? >> i make a lot of mistakes. i live my life out loud. you know, i do it. when things are going too far right, i'm going to go a little left. when things are going too far left, i'm going to go a little right. i like balance in the middle. i like middle america. i like the middle way. i like the middle class. i like the middle opinion that balances two extremes. most people in america, i think, think like that. >>sean: you know, it is funny. a lot of people -- i think a lot of people misunderstand what motivates me. what motivates me in the 2016 presidential election for me was about what we call the forgotten man. a lot of people don't know. some people that watch the show know i was a paper boy at eight, dishwasher at 12, cook, busboy, waiter, bartender, i fell off of a roof three stories after roofi

eastern on afterwards, emory university african-american studies chair, carol anderson, discusses her book, "one person, no vote." how voter suppression is destroying our democracy. she's interviewed by democratic congressman jamie raskin of maryland. >> you look at the real world history of the right to vote, it's been extremely contested. it's been violently challenged in many points. >> absolutely. so -- one of the things i talk about is that america is really an aspirational nation, and it's in those aspirations, we the people, we hold these truths to be self-evident. leader of the free world. those kinds of aspirations. it's based on those aspirations and not those kind of hard core realitieses where -- realities where people have fought in order to gain access to their citizenship rights. >> watch this weekend, on c-span2's book tv. inues. caller: -- host: a conversation about fact checking in the age of president trump or the washington post fact checker since 2011. the world of fact checking now fundamentally different now than it was a little over 600 days ago? guest: no. fac