those are your headlines up next signs of a golden age change here top of the hour i'm back after that. modern high tech advances in medicine and health are of course the result of many centuries of development research and experimentation much of which took place in the islamic world between the ninth and fourteenth centuries a golden age of science during this time scholars in the islamic world made huge contributions to medicine and created a body of knowledge that was tremendously important and influential around the world for many hundreds of years i'm jim alchemy which is professor of theoretical physics but born in baghdad i'll be exploring states of the art biomedical science and the covering the contribution made to the field by the scholars in the golden age. it was during your golden age that medicine started to be treated as a true science with emphasis on empirical evidence and repeatable procedures during that time medical books are written they became standard texts throughout the world . for many hundreds of years i've come here to the hum of hospital in bellhop to see

age old chemical processes to manufacture so. that a nice thank you. ok. makes by mixing olive oil with an alkaline and then adding her. spices. this chemical process is called. after cooling. and then left to dry for two. months or herb. this is. good. for the here not for me too late. during the golden age making was commercialized and the process started to be developed on an industrial scale today a bar of soap that remakes in two weeks can be produced in an industrial soap factory in just a few hours. this factories in the united kingdom and jamie benton is in charge of the plant. principally been made in the same way for centuries a mixture of oil and alkaline we've been making so here for one hundred fifty years and one of our king great years is in this big tank that's one hundred tons of caustic soda to react with the oil. on this site they produce about thirty tonnes of soap per day around one hundred thousand tonnes of industrialize soap making on this grand scale needs chemistry on a grand scale. and the critical factor is controlling the chemi

on al-jazeera after signs in the golden age state you can see watching by foot. a deadly attack destroyed her family and left her badly wounded. a long time to california and little girl's journey through. time progress she became our family. that would touch the hearts of the people around her ever was excited when i saw the situation. on al-jazeera wild at this time between the eighth and fourteenth centuries there was a golden age of science when scholars from the fly mc world introduced the rigorous experimental approach that laid the foundations of the modern scientific method they transformed the superstition of alchemy into the science of chemistry the chemical industry has of course we shake the modern world giving us new fuel drugs and new materials but the methodology and principles of chemistry go back over a thousand years. and jamal clearly and i've been researching the contributions of the scientists of the golden age i'll be tracing back the roots of modern chemistry to the scholars of the world. this is doha the capital of qatar two decades ago no

this is the only age group of children and the only age group overall thickness of the goal. influenza vaccination does cover decrease as we get the person we are going to vaccinate but that teenager is dressed as important. the goal is to increase coverage for children of all ages as every child deserves to be protected. if your child gets the flu, they expose everyone around them. this may include babies in the household are too young to be immunized with less than six months of age and it may include grandparents who may be immune suppressed or have other chronic illnesses. it may include a pregnant woman. we must make sure that we vaccinate those that we can to protect the individual, the whole family as well as the public at large. it's our responsibility as parents to make sure that they are protected. to speak up loud and clear the evidence shows that is the single most effective thing for someone to change their thoughts if they get a clear recommendation from their healthcare provider. we have clear recommendations that influence the vaccine is the best to prevent it

like other important works during the golden age it can see. his canon of medicine spread across the islamic world and young as the process of knowledge transfer was revolutionary just one reason so effectively throughout the islamic empire was because it suddenly became much easier to produce a copy text the islamic scholars had adopted the chinese technology of paper making and paper is much cheaper to produce and use the parchment piracy an important aspect of this is killigrew of handwriting so i've come to meet a calligrapher to tell me all about. what lee county has done with a method and. that would be this nami in the kind of stuff we do have to come come in and you know. you're talking about. a lot of. chinese paper was general. and more easily bound into books which created a thriving publishing and copying industry manuscripts had to be duplicated by hand and this produced a great demand for slimy calligraphers. in the music if they were in leave you for him you claim to be having this and. other than. that again and again on the. fl

science in a golden age with professor germany at this time. and after reminder of the top stories on al-jazeera u.s. president donald trump has made his debut at the united nations ahead of the general assembly he pledged to help reform the organization to make it more effective and and mismanagement kurdish leaders in northern iraq are pushing ahead with an independence for a friend of next week despite a ruling by iraq's supreme court to suspend the vote and syrian government troops battling isaw have crossed the euphrates river and they're risking a potential standoff with u.s. backed rebels on the other side of the. north korea has once again this missed the sanctions against it as a quote hostile act and warned that it will simply spur to move faster towards completing its and nuclear arsenal u.s. bombers and fighter jets have been taking part in joint military drills with south korea and japan in another show of force against pyongyang separately china and russia carried out their own naval drill drills off the port of light of all stock

this is an article that limits the presidential age limit yet you are talking about .discrimination but i mean the constitution is twenty two years old it has never come up until now when president museveni is being excluded by the no the same thing happened when president was seven was finishing his second term in power that is when the ruling party members to scrap of term limits and now they are trying to scrap of the age thing you see it is rather shameful for a lawyer like my brother jackson a fool to try and mix up issues we're not talking about l.z. five we are talking about presidential and if you are trying to you know hide behind the youth then it's even more shameful because we are looking at the youth and the taking for change and this is the only opportunity to have another generation over from the older generation peacefully. oh you know. right now i'd like to just get in and bring in some more comments we're getting from the ugandans online and i'd like to pose this to raymond you're a minute to take a look at this tweet that we got jackson just hold on

parts of lots of middle ages you could. believe it isaac newton was was involved in alchemy the source of. the early alchemy squibs turning common less valuable metals into precious gold jobber have been high on a particular was obsessed with trying to dissolve metals and that led him to research all different kinds of acids but gold is notoriously difficult to design so i'm going to buy a small amount of it and see if it's possible. that it can have. been nothing. and then there's another. dozen or so we have how i live the head. of the next you know sentiment. that. you didn't have a. coffee what island i'm going to last when. you go in. and look at the. ok to be. discovered. and i think it was. shallow and so i let this out. me through my experiments to dissolve is professor hell stuff about. what the hell i need your chemistry expertise here i've got this gold coin and i wonder is it possible to dissolve gold berry very difficult i don't like all noble metals is relatively unreactive but the active towards acids there's

however, this is the only age group of children, and in fact the only age group overall that met the goal. influenza vaccination does -- the coverage decreases as children get older. so we're good at vaccinating those younger kids but your teenager is just as important. our goal is to increase coverage for children of all ages as every child deserves to be protected. although their personal protection is reason enough, it's not just about the kids. if your child gets the flu, they expose everyone around them. this may include babies in the household too young to be immunized, those less than 6 months of age. it may include grandparents who may be immune suppressed or have other chronic illnesses. it may include a pregnant woman. we must make sure that we vaccinate those that we can to protect the individual, the whole family as well as the public at large. it's our responsibility as parents to make sure that children are protected and as health care professionals it is our responsibility to be clear, speak up loud and clear. the evidence shows that is the single most effective thing

five or district boston unless you are thirty five years of age.and yet the simple solution is as long as. you can stand. now that our lawn is disenfranchising the u.s. who would be really. in leadership i think a lot of those our democratic principles i think. indicate told me that we should do all that it takes to create an all inclusive political process so that everyone but. now you're telling me it's not even trying to jump in here. is that they are already kind. of jumping up jumping here but. consider him a star and i don't know any of us are asking is it just now watching us realize that many of these i don't know if you know. that he's a felon or a man i don't hear a man i'm hear your question i said i mean right i was probably right also raising his hand on you want to respond i want to get i want to get our community i want to get our community because i'm also listening to jackson go ahead dan so we've got. jackson just take a listen to this tweet and a video comment i'll pose them to you sound from a says first it was tournaments now i

spans scientists identify a blood fire and often seems to protect their organs from the effects of agingbut why techno expose the science of the blues and regions where people live it stream live long lives. this is a show about face change night. we're going to the intersection on the planet doing what he says show about science by science. liar and welcome to techno from southern italy. this is an absolutely beautiful part of the wild but it's also a giant birch tree the scientists this is one of the wild so-called blues are in an area where an unusually large percentage of the population live to one hundred years or more and that's exactly what attracted a team of international scientists to find out exactly why. this is all children of. a village where time seems to stand still. long enough for people like i'm twenty of the solow and mina for duno to grow old he's one hundred and ninety three she's the younger woman than marriage and have been for more than sixty four years. and you are not. and you're not even boy and girl. these days if you stroll by the seaside apartment you're li

lot of it putin speaking now has made a lot of reference to a political solution to the ages of the united nations and that is something that he may go into more detail on but really right now the affirmation from president that there will be continued close talking with russia's president both on the phone and face to face. andrew symonds for the moment in ankara andrew thank you. cross live now to charles stratford who is in the kurdish regional capital area be manned we're crossing live to you charles because of course the president directed by paradine also mentioned that referendum that was held just just on that monday where ninety two percent of the people they voted to see from iraq what did the president say about. i'm very sorry but i didn't actually hear that press conference with respect to what mr no one was saying but we do know how turkey stands with respect to this crisis cities very angered by this referendum. it sees it as being a fundamentally potentially an existential threat we know that the turks are very concerned about this referendum sort of inspiring what's the tu

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namely we are looking at people close to the early retirement age, early retirement claiming age that are working and don't have social security income. and then we are going follow anyone who claims between 20000 and 2007. we consider our first question. what happens to spendsible income. many studies of retirement will focus on how much of people's income or how much people's earnings they can replace in retirement. but economic theory suggests that people don't have a goal of replacing income or replacing earnings. in sort of english what they want to do is maintain their standard of living. at most what they would mean is they want to maintain how much spending they have in real terms, inflation adjusted terms. although it's also possible they may be able to maintain their standard of living even if spending declines. so what we are going to look at, we can't measure spending in our data but we are going to look at spendable income. when we mean by that is simply what people have left over after they have saved and paid their taxes. the tax data do not allow us to measure, accurat

the age-old wisdom you heard is wrong. to rewrite the script. >>> plus the game plan you need to follow when the bear market breaks and the most important pieces of information i can gi you. many of you have to take action tomorrow don't miss this. stick with cramer. what's critical thinking like? a basketball costs $14. what's team spirit worth? (cheers) what's it worth to talk to your mom? what's the value of a walk in the woods? the value of capital is to create, not just wealth, but things that matter. morgan stanley >>> it's time to address a major issue that i have to admit, i don't spend enough time discussing here on "mad money. i'm talking about the question of stocks versus bonds now there's a good reason why you don't hear me recommending you invest in bonds very often and it's not just because the show is about stocks the fact is, ever since the great recession, interest rates have been held down to incredibly low levels, therefore, bond yields like the return you get from owning, saying, u.s. treasuries have b

and why those that occur, the ageing of the placenta? why does ageing echo at all?eproduce and pass on your genes. “— organisms is that you reproduce and pass on your genes. —— occur at all. ageing is something that you do largely after you have reproduced. for the placenta, it its role is to ensure the survival of the baby. late in pregnancy, say, 40 or 41 weeks, most babies are already delivered. so from mother nature's view, losing a few at the end of pregnancy is not a problem, compared to trying to keep a placenta going longer than it is needed. and that was professor roger smith with babita sharma. let's to comic turn to our major story and the rohingya crisis. aung san suu kyi has cancelled her attendance at the un general assembly, as she is facing criticism that she is not doing enough to stop the violence against her country's was a minority people. we are joined by phil robinson from human rights watch. he joins us from bangkok. great to have you back on the programme. avoiding united nations? avoiding criticism? idid not united nations? avoiding criticis

no, they were done having children at age 26. and today most women don't start having children until they're 26, and that leaves them more time to have children the earlier it starts. another thing about the baby boom is there was no part of the population that was not affected by it. usually when we talk about sort of large scale social phenomenon, you start talking about differences based upon race, class, ridge, but there was none of that. it affected the same for blacks, whites, poor, riff. it was usually immigrants who had higher birth rates. it was usually less educated people have more children than more educated people, but it's the opposite in the 1950s. also very unusual. also it's not that americans were sort of returning to the 18th century family practices, having large families. most family in the baby boom generation had three or four children. but what made the numbers so vast was almost known had no children. almost everybody had three or four children. there are very few childless couples and very few people who

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your premium never goes up and your benefit never goes down due to age. plus, your coverage builds cash value over time. call now for free information and a free gift. all i did was make a phone call and all of my questions about the colonial penn program were answered. it couldn't have been any easier and we both got the coverage we should have had for years now. mm-hm, with change to spare. (laughing) (colonial penn jingle) >>> that's a 61-year-old hunter getting quite a ride after being rescued from a forest in minnesota. apparently he had gotten lost and wound up being out in the wild for three days. >> luckily, he had enough food with him, and he was able to light a fire, which helped rescuers see him using a thermal imaging camera. the man's ride ended in the happy to learn he's okay. >> he ended up drinking swamp water to survive. he was emotional but exhausted after being all that time-out there. >>> facebook admitted that russia did buy thousands of ads during the presidential election. >> and it will now hand them over to congress. >> after mont

they were done having children at age 26. today most american women don't start having children until they are 26. that leaves more time to have more children, the earlier it starts. another amazing thing about the baby boom was that it was -- there was no part of the american population that was not affected by it. usually when we talk about sort of large scale social phenomenon in american history you start making exceptions and talking about differences based upon race or class or religion. but there was none of that this affected almost the entire american population. same for blacks as it is for whites. the same for rich as it is for poor f. there is any indication of more of a great increase in the birth rate it was among urban educated whites which usually demographically it is the opposite. it was usually immigrants who had more children less educated people that had more children than those natively born and more educated. it's not that americans were turning to 18th century family practices of having large families

youth age 18 to 8% hadd in 2008, 3. serious mental on this, but that has risen in 2016 to 5.9% -- serious mental illness, but that has risen in 2016 to 5.9%. just over half of these young adults were able to access treatment. 2 million people, and just a little over half of them were able to access treatment for their serious mental illness. these are the most serious disorders, the ones that affect one's ability to function. just over half of people in these age groups were able to access the care they needed. has big consequences, because when people have serious mental disorders, they will have increases in adverse consequences such as suicidality. what we see in the national survey on drug use and health is, in this age group, the 18 to 25-year-olds, we see a significant increase in serious thoughts of suicide, a significant increase of people making a plan to commit suicide, and a statistically significant increase in the number of people who attempted suicide. why is this happening? the national survey on drug use

. >> hugh hefner has died at the age of 91. see what we're finding about the life and times of the man who changed america's attitude about sex. >>> and a star opens up about three of the most important people in his life who don't count themselves as his fans. who doesn't love the boss? "the skinny" will detail it out. it is thursday, september 28. >>> from abc news, this is "world news now." >> aye yi yi. you got to love the boss. >> yeah, baby we were born to run. >> and walk. >> we'll have more on the boss, including some tunes, i'm sure, coming up. but we're starting things off with new questions about health and human services secretary tom price and other officials traveling on private planes funded by taxpayers. >> and the president is not happy, signaling that price's job could now be in >> the treasury secretary steve mnuchin is also a target of that investigation. he's accused of using a government plane to fly to kentucky with his wife to watch the eclipse. abc's cecelia vega is tracking your money. >> reporter: pre

at the age of 7, my life took a drastic turn. i had to move to one of the worst neighborhoods in the city. i was placed in a home i thought would be peaceful and loving. instead, it was the opposite. while at this home, i was abused mentally, physically and emotionally. the saddest part is, i didn't tell a soul. i suffered every day for most of my childhood in solace. i was taunted by peers for any reason, i didn't have a stable home, didn't have food or my biological parents weren't around. i isolated myself. i did not let people into my life because i didn't trust anyone. as i got older, i thought things would change. i thought those memories wouldn't be an issue when i became an adult. little did i know, it will forever be a part of me. as i got holder, i became angry, emotional and unproductive at school. i knew something wasn't right, but i didn't trust people. i was afraid to tell anyone and i was afraid to be different from young adults my age. i was afraid of becoming unloved. i withdrew from people and i began using drug

most were of advanced age, the average being 94. one veteran, 92-year-old thomas walters, had made the trip from los angeles, california, to attend the gathering of veterans. he was only one of 35 african-americans to serve in the civil war and attend the festivities. he enlisted and served in company c. among the ranks of the regimental members, one would hold the title of king. samuel boulton and listed a private in company h. he held the rank of corporal after mustering out and returning to civillian live. bolton established himself as a successful entrepreneur in the packaging of pickles in greenlawn, new york. this was so profitable that in 1899, bolton alone harvested 1.5 million cucumbers that were successfully processed for pickling and packaged for distribution. samuel boulton would forever be known as the pickle king of new york. rightfully claim to have achieved the status of an entrepreneurial king. successurther achieved with his endeavors in the real estate business and building increasing his personal income and makin

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he lived here from the age of 11 to the age of 22.hen he grew up, performing was a natural part of childhood because there were school plays. you see one in "bells of st. mary's." little kids are putting on a christmas play. that is every day life in his neighborhood. his education -- he excelled in oratory. he was in shakespeare plays and so forth. he was always performing. he was in the church choir. there was probably never a time when he was not performing. it reminds me, i saw an interview he had with somebody at some point. they were saying where did you learn music and he said, i grew up in a house full of music. my father saying, my mother sang , my sisters played the pno, we all gathered -- played the piano , we all caps around the piano and sang songs. performing was a natural step for him. he started his show business career when he joined a jazz band. they were a bunch of high school kids. they were not good musicians. they had one thing in common, they loved jazz. bing crosby was awake to the charm of jazz from the very o

well calligraphy clearly remains today just as important an art form as it was back in the golden age the scholars then not only perfected the art of paper making they also developed simpler forms of calligraphy means of preserving their paper and winding blues to hold their books together in that way these technologies came together enabling them to produce books in large quantities this is how their knowledge propagated so effectively throughout the world. the manuscripts of the golden age influenced scientists after the decline of the islamic empire for instance had been seen as canon of medicine was translated into latin and copies were still being printed and circulated well into the sixteenth century these texts influenced the great thinkers of the rene song who in turn laid the foundations for our modern world. this impressive building is the weill cornell medical college an offshoot of cornell university new york based head. of come to find out more about their genetic research how their mapping the human genome to find out more about genetic and hereditary diseases pertaining

david the actress liz dawn, who's died at the age of 77.the european council president, has just arrived in downing street for talks with theresa may. next month, the eu is due to decide if it's ready to discuss a new trade relationship with britain. brussels has been demanding more details on citizens' rights, a financial settlement and the future of the irish border. in a moment, we'll speak to chris morris in brussels, but first to downing street and our political correspondent leila nathoo. what the talks today expected to achieve? sophie, donald tusk got a warm welcome from theresa may when he arrived at downing street with 30 minutes ago. this will be a chance to discuss theresa may's florence speech, the major intervention she made last week, when she offered to honour the uk's financial obligations in the current eu budget, and talked about the two year possible transition period. she is hoping to be able to kick—start those brexit talks, of course, the official round of talks are going on at the moment in brussels. but she is hopin

are aging out of the workforce. a lot has been made to the fact that labor participation rate in 20 -- 2007 was about 66%, today is 63%. the bulk of that decline is demographic, it gets worse over the next 10 years. we think the participation rate is going to go below 61%. there are a number of other big secular transits to me that, the most significant. explain why gdp growth is sluggish. there are a number of things we can do to deal with this demographic issue, and the things that come to mind are getting more women into the workforce, that's pretty much plateaued. --roving skills training [inaudible] >> if we don't grow the workforce, it's going to be hard to grow gdp. is,ontroversial is it immigration is a central, distinctive competence of the united states. is one of the reasons we've been able to grow for many decades. my grandparents were not born here, that may be true of many of you here, too. i don't think -- i think we are in a 2% growth economy, i would love to tell you over the next five years is goin

so youth ministry is ages 13- 17.nagers. >> correct. >> and young adult ministry, let's talk about youth ministry first. the young adult ministry is aging up into the 50s now. failure to launch is going on. >> right. >> youth ministry is dealing with teenagers. >> yeah. >> you have events for them and socializing and online communications. >> yes, youth ministry can take many different forms. any time you're working with youth in the church, you're doing youth ministry and people don't realize that. if you doing scouting and your troop is related to a church based scouting troop, and they have catholic religious emblems you can earn for your catholic faith, that's youth ministry. if you're working with altar servers who are teens, you're doing youth ministry. it's not just a youth night on a friday night or sunday night where a youth minister is there and that's the only person who does youth ministry. any time you're interacting with teens in the church you're doing youth ministry. >>> part of your job is to awaken t

workers are aging out of the workforce. a lot has been made to the fact -- the labor participation rate was about 66% today at 63 -- 63%. our research suggest the bulk of that decline is demographic. it -- demographic. it gets worse over the next 10 years. we think the participation rate is getting below 61%. there are number of other big secular trends, to me it is the most significant and explains why gdp growth is sluggish. there are number of things we can do to deal with this a demographic issue and the things that come to mind are getting more women into the workforce , although that is plateaued. .mproving skills training close the skills gap, there are more skilled job openings. little skills training and other skills training is key. yes, immigration is a key part of this. immigration made up over half the workforce over the last 20 years. the reality is two things drive gdp. growth in the workforce and growth and productivity. we will talk more about productivity issue but if we don't grow the workforce it's going

aging demographics. and so turning inward enclosing out is probably going to mean that we will grow more slowly at a time when because of our demographics we are going to likely grow more slowly anyhow and i think what his comment is we need to make smart trade decisions. i think the two policy areas are sources of opportunity for the united states and a the source of the probably greater growth. in the national debate they are being characterized a little more as threats. i think they are being attribute attributed to those two things are much more likely going to write within the corners of the united states with technology and by the way those trends are accelerating and accelerating in a powerful way in my judgment. fifty to $60 per barrel. what is your outlook for the energy sector. we are heading towards global supply demand balance. we spent the last couple of three years painfully trying to find it. and we found it by the u.s. cutting its output about a mere million barrels per day which is reall

i think that age disparity is something, more dramatic age disparity is something which is new becauseo accommodate and rethink some of our prejudices and perceptions. he died at the playboy mansion in la, surrounded by friends, the self—styled godfather of the sexual revolution. hugh hefner who has died aged 91. time for a look at the weather. here's phil avery. the day did not start in sparkling fashion to say the least across the eastern part of the british isles, wet and windy. the weather front was not your fault but it looked rather a can do that. the weather watchers as ever out there braving all the conditions. it was not doom and gloom everywhere, come further towards the west and the day has been sparkling. there you see the difference, the satellite picture tells the tale.

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now it's about -- it's age-related. >> right. >> i can still do this at this age. [ laughter ] >> yeahah, yeah. you still got it. you still got it. you said some other things i find fascinating -- >> oh, lord. >> you always do, but i've had so many conversations and teased so many friends about this in various genres of music. i tease my friends who do classical music. i tease our mutual friends, marcus robinson and others that do music. i am black, but if i were a singer, i don't think i could sing in any profession where i couldn't feel the audience loving me back. that's my selfishness. and talking about jazz to your point, being intellectual music, you don't always know -- and maybe you do, i don't know how you figure that out -- but how do you know the audience is feeling you, like when you're earth, wind and fire or luther, you feel it, they're screaming, they're on their feet. jazz doesn't do that for you. >> i get that. i'm one of the other in the jazz. i get that. i get the instant response from my public. >> yeah, okay. >> you know. and that's something that i've always enjoy

so, the average age of the appointee was older than the average age of death. so that the logical explanation would be lifetime tenure would being that you die instantly as soon as you are appointed. some of these folks did live a good, long time but lifetime tenure did not mean all that much. today, the average age of a supreme court nominee is 52. life expectancy for a 52-year-old is about 85. which means that the average term of the u.s. supreme court justice today is roughly 32 years. that is 8 presidential terms. when you think about that, that is a breathtaking legacy. and so, the importance of, of supreme court appointments is going to outlast any presidency. clarence thomas, for example, was appointed at age 43. if he lives to be the same age has his predecessor thurgood marshall, he will set the all-time record for longevity on the u.s. supreme court and serve for 40 years. of course, he could well live longer and serve on the court longer than that. presidents and senators are figuring this out. so they're appointing nominees at an earlier and earlier

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