it is not the same kind of ice watery clouds, there is clearly methane ammonia, nitrogen, substancesnormally do not think of for weathering processes. craters are seen on pluto. there are also geological features that could either be valleys, canyons maybe there is some surface stuff going on that is carving this surface. there is going to be a lot more clues for unraveling the history of pluto. we do now know for the first time it is the weakest object out there. there was a tossup between it and heiress -- aris. pluto has won the contest. emily: that's so crazy, we now know exactly how big leto is -- pluto is. chris: pluto was discovered in the mid-20th century, and the time it takes to go around the sun is 248 years. since we have discovered it, it has not orbited the earth once. navigating to pluto was hard because we did not know if it was big and close, or small and far away. this will tell us a lot about the formation of the solar system, howdy planets are formed, what else is out there. emily: there is also a polar ice cap. what are the implications of that? michael: i prefer

huge frozen liquid, nitrogen methane, ammonia, they are all extraordinarily interesting.nly sad thing about new horizons is that it cannot hang around. we just didn't have the energy to spend on thrusters to slow it down and put it into orbit. that would have been awesome. but we are going to collect more data, soon it will be sent back. in the space of just the day we will learn more than we have in the 85 years since it was discovered. emily: what kind of other missions does this make possible? public, private, or public and private? michael: -- chris: in short this mission was hard to fund. i know that they tried tirelessly for decades to get this funded. now that they are gone, they have been proven right. this place is fascinating, more complex than ever imagined and there is a lot of stuff worth exploring. i hope to see a lot of private and public missions going out to explore more deeps race. emily: i am fascinated by this story. chris, michael, thank you both. now, a look at a stock that we are watching, amid a spike in twitter shares. going up on a big report of

the shrimp eat their feed and excrete ammonia. the bacteria turns that into toxic nitrites. other bacteria turn that into benign nitrates... and as the water is aerated, the nitrates turn into a harmless gas... and around and around. >> how long have you had this water? >> four years. >> how does that compare to other shrimp farms? >> most of them don't have water that long. we by mistake kept our water. >> it's like it's maturing. it's like wine. >> yeah it does. and we just found out that the older it gets the better it gets. >> and so too for the shrimp... the growing process starts every month with about 250 thousand newborns, called post larvals, nicknamed pls. >> now we are going to show you our pls. and when they come in they're the size of an eye lash. >> so it's hard to see inside this water, but how many shrimp are actually in here? >> we stock about 17,000 in each one of my 6 tanks here. >> so what are all these tubes coming down? >> those are air lines. >> and that adds the oxygen? >> adds their oxygen and it keeps everything in suspension. cause if this stuff se

platinum breaks down odor-causing elements such as ammonia. it also controls the growth of bacteria. that keeps wet towels odor-free even after multiple uses. this is how the odor-eating towels are made. first, they are soaked in the nanoparticle liquid. then it is rolled. this ensures the effect lasts even after the towels are washed. >> translator: these are the products we've made so far. >> reporter: the company first tried the process on sheets and pillow cases. but such large items required a huge amount of the platinum nanoparticle liquid. it was difficult to turn a profit. so the firm decided to make hand towels instead. nearly 2,000 hand towels can be made from a 100-meter length of fabric. each one is 20 centimeters squared. they can produce towels in 30 colors. company officials designed stylish packaging and attractive displays. they're selling the towels in major cities. >> translator: people can simply leave their used towels in their lockers after work after lunch, or after jogging. the towels won't smell even after a week. we c

ammonia and hydrogen sulfide can kill you, both of them.the pigs are kept alive because at the end of the building there is these huge jet engines of giant fans that blow enough air through so that the animals can live to five months. they wouldn't move their term except they are kept on constant low doses of antibiotics. doesn't matter whether they are well are sick. it would be like you waking up each morning and taking an antibiotic just in case you caught an infection that day. or giving your kid an antibiotic before she went to school just in case. you would be jailed or they would say you are insane. farm animals take 80% of the antibiotics. most who don't need them. they are healthy. what this does of course is that it's a perfect reading ground for antibiotic resistant bacteria. these are bacteria use to cure but the job of penicillin or a couple pills at tetracycline but now nothing will kill them in our arsenal. 23000 people died in the united states every year from infections are used to be able to be cured with a simple antibiot

. >> chemicals like ammonia, which can be extremely dangerous near flames and high temperatures.errick and chloe are about 150 yards away from the burning plant, thinking it's a safe distance. >> so we are sitting there waiting. we hear a lot of popping and debris falling from the building. and the wind gusts picking up. and then it makes the fire just start popping and getting louder. you just kind of feel the excitement of everybody around me that it was fixing to collapse. >> there is no collapse, but what happens next terrifies them. [ explosion ] >> are you okay? >> i can't hear. >> cover your ears. >> i can't hear. >> the force of the explosion is so great, hurt drops his phone. but it's still recording audio. >> please get out of here. please get out of here. >> when the plant exploded, all i could think of was, i'm dead or my dad's dead. i can't hear. i can't hear. [ explosion ] >> cover your ears. >> i can't hear. >> god almighty [ bleep ]. >> francisco is also close to the fire when the explosion happens. but he's not in his car. he's exposed to the elements. >> i see t

. >> host: team per could generate 14, a false alarm of the ammonia leak caused the crew to retreat into the russian segment. october 28, 2014, the unmanned cargo launch failed after launch for april 28, 2015, as separate russian cargo failed to reach the iss. june 7th a plea and boost of the hall. >> host: t using a vehicle failed but eventually was successful after troubleshooting. june 10, the vehicle fired in june without being commanded and most recently june 28, 2015 the un may and spacex cargo launch failed as well. these highlight the challenges of operating and co -- in space. and the astronauts must be ever fit and -- vigilant. the fact the program could respond to the setbacks is a testament to nasa, iss and contractors. we do not know the root cause is yet but once we have more information do we will be better suited to review those events. we kiddy vibrate the operational status of the iss to assess the prospects of future operations. the iss is one of the most complex manmade object ever built for the american taxpayers invest $3 billion per year in this laboratory. we must

on january 14th, 2015 a false alarm of an ammonia leak caused the crew to retreat into the russian segment. an orbital sciences unmand cargo launch failed just after launch. on april 28th 2015, a separate russian cargo vehicle failed to reach the iss. on june 7th 2015 a planned reboost of the iss using a docked progress vehicle failed. but eventually was successful after trouble shooting. on june 10th 2015 a visiting soyuz vehicle unexpectedly fired its engines without being commanded. on june 28th 2015, a space-x unmanned cargo launch failed as well. all of these incidents highlight the challenges of operating in space and they remind us nasa's contractors, engineers and astronauts must be ever diligent. these events have challenged iss operations but the fact the program was able to effectively respond to these setbacks is a testament to nas athe iss partners and the contractors. we do not know the root causes of some of the accidents yet, but once we have more information we'll be better suited to review those individual events. this hear allows us to evaluate the operational status of

. >> we could smell ammonia-type smell. >> you could see black smoke rolling up. >> do you know how long this is going to last? >> i do not know. >> reporter: people who were rushed out of their homes in the middle of the night are hoping for more answers. >> an outreach center has been set up to make sure that we're answering those questions and continues to assist them for as long as this takes place. >> reporter: csx, the company that owns the train, is putting evacuees up in hotels and the red cross is also helping out. manuel toledo and his family were asleep when an emergency worker poundod their door. >> i just had this big thing on his face with oxygen connected to it. it was pretty scary. it freaked us out. >> reporter: toxic fumes can cause headaches, dizziness. as of late thursday night, 86 people came in for treatment. 28 for admitted including ten first responders. the safety of the air is not the only concern. samples of the surrounding soil and groundwater are also being tested by the environmental protection agency. >> it's not to say the water is contaminated. out of the

j ray 14, a false alarm of the ammonia leak caused the crew to retreat into the russian segment. october 28, the orbital cargo launch failed just after launch. april 28, a separate russian cargo vehicle failed to reach the iss. june 7th 2015 a real boost of the iss of a doctor vehicle failed but eventually was successful after troubleshooting. on june 10, a visiting vehicle fired ended june without being commanded. most recently june 28, t6 an unmanned cargo launch failed as well. all of these highly the challenges of operating in space. they remind us that the nasa contractors and engineers and astronauts must be vigilant they have challenged operations but the fact that the program could effectively respond to the setbacks is a testament to nasa, the iss partners and contractors. we do not know the root cause the ones we have more reformation we are better suited to review those events. in the meantime this allows us to evaluate the status of the iss cover review efforts of the the cassettes to assess the prospects for future operations. it is one of the most complex and expens

has always think of as ammonia i was legally required to take a selfie with this in the background. we figured we would talk about "end of discussion" and how we wrote the book and how it is really for better or for worse better for the book, worse for the country much irrelevant been for what we are living out everyday in the news cycle in this country. i guess the beginning to the genesis of "end of discussion" began ironic with a whole series of discussions that mary catherine and i would have over the phone that we lovingly refer to in the book and chapter one we called and had explosions where we will get on the phone with each other maybe five times a week it feels like at least in some weeks and can you believe that this whatever fill in the blank happen or this is never think of how is this a thing? >> we probably had this moment where this is not -- summed it is. it blew right past because it's brand-new offensive. we find those everyday now and that's how it sort of begin. >> we were going back and forth and find i guess we realized this was a therapeutic experience that w

i went in they examined me, they gave me an ammonia shot, they sent me up to, nose, and throat.he examined me, they claimed my ears, they sent me to dental, i went to dental and they filed down my tooth that was close to bolster on my tongue and all of that in three hours. you should take a page and see what they are doing there at the james j peters v.a. because it was terrific. host: ok, mark. guest: i'd love to come out to the bronx and see the change at the james j peters facility in the bronx. i want to find out where the v.a. is succeeding and apply that success to our issues in el paso where we just found out last week we had the worst way time in the country. 141 mental health facilities within the v.a. throughout the countries and we rank 141st in the country which means that veterans are delayed in getting care they are effectively denied in getting care and there are real consequences. in the bronx with marked or other parts of the country, we seek to the a succeeding and much to get what they did right. some of what we learned already is that the top performing the a

i went in they examined me, they gave me an ammonia shot, they sent me up to, nose, and throat. the examined me, they claimed my ears, they sent me to dental, i went to dental and they filed down my tooth that was close to bolster on my tongue and all of that in three hours. you should take a page and see what they are doing there at the james j peters v.a. because it was terrific. host: ok, mark. guest: i'd love to come out to the bronx and see the change at the james j peters facility in the bronx. i want to find out where the v.a. is succeeding and apply that success to our issues in el paso where we just found out last week we had the worst way time in the country. 141 mental health facilities within the v.a. throughout the countries and we rank 141st in the country which means that veterans are delayed in getting care they are effectively denied in getting care and there are real consequences. in the bronx with marked or other parts of the country, we seek to the a succeeding and much to get what they did right. some of what we learned already is that the top performing the

it smells like manure but with an ammonia undertone. it's repulse i. [laughter] so i'm pausing trying to collect myself not certain of the ed, and i said what kind of dip was it? copenhagen. >> you can watch this and other programs online at booktv.org. >> booktv recently visited capitol hill to ask members of congress what they're reading this summer. >> well i've, i'm a big reader, and i started off with "boys in the boat," which i recommend and then went to "dead wake," about the sinking of the lucetania then the book "kingdom of ice" which harry reid had recommended. and i'm just wrapping up a terrific novel called "all the light we cannot see" by anthony door moving into the "the narrow road to the deep north," which is another novel, and "the sixth extinction" by elizabeth colbert. >> and booktv wants to know what you're reading this summer. tweet us your answer