the berlin wall comes down, even the british were not in favor of german reunification at that time. they were skeptical of it. george h.w. bush was the visionary transformational leader that was patient, and kind, and inclusive and did not command but invited. the way he would, especially during the time of that you reunification of germany, really meant there would be no hot war. we ended the ideology of the soviet union and the united states. we did it peacefully because president bush earned and gave respect pretty gave respect to people who were willing to be part of a solution. and he earned respect because he did that but his relationship with gorbachev was something no one could have predicted for years before the berlin wall came down. when gorbachev was in power for four years before george h.w. bush became president of the united states, may have been a glimmer of hope and expectation but it was not a reality. i think george h.w. bush allowed gorbachev to deal with the reality that the berlin wall came down and that germany should be reunified without being part of the sov

leaving the competition for possession of the berlin wall in 1989, the collapse of the berlin wall leftthing to compete with. two years later, with the end of the soviet union, america no longer had any competitors in the world, and america left the field along with european partners for the post-soviet era have plans to have a new unipolar order we read, but they didn't want to hear our voice . they have been advancing towards our borders for years. they are trying to break up the countries of west asia and north africa in 2723 through a direct campaign to iraq and afghanistan under the pretext of september 11. i hear your voice. the world also hears your voice. those who destroyed these towers will soon hear the voice of all of us through the creation of isis, clinton, and being the one who created isis. to advance our goals , we spent 8 trillion dollars in iraq, but in return what did we receive nothing that sina you that to the conflict between russia and ukraine was published, the new middle east also caused the deaths of millions of people, and finally, the united states moved fro

even though some people were telling him that he should dance on the wall when the berlin wall came down i know, he was very humble and he also was very disciplined about respecting institutions in washington dc that were not his institutions. for example, he works well with congress even though congress is controlled by the democrats and yes he served in the house and respected the house and had friends on both sides of the il but he did not line decided congress for the challenge that he had and yet he invited to be part of the solution. it is not work you did not mean that everything was easy, it was not it was very hard but i think that the institution that he was critically part of the solution, he groomed to step up to step up to the responsibly on the domestic side probably the american disabilities act. as so dramatic and it really did change america and motivated the world'san the conscious about ts people who are challenged and need a little bit of a leg up no pun intended, they need help for the american disabilities act, encourage people to read johnson's book about his time

with the fall of the berlin wall, we were sure that market-based democracy was triumphant and it was going to take hold all around the world. political elites devoted themselves to trade liberalization and deregulation, to lowering taxes for corporations because the economy would grow faster and everyone would get richer. well, the former certainly happened. the latter, not so much. jobs that went off shore weren't being replaced. and the wages that supported entire communities stagnated. when 2008 happened, banks got bailouts and families got foreclosures. people at home were getting left behind. the middle class was getting hollowed out. and at the same time, we had that promise of globalization that the rising tide would encircle the globe and lift all boats. well, let's be honest with ourselves that we weren't being straight with ourselves about that either. we talked up the superiority of our system, but turned a blind eye to the authoritarianism, worker exploitation and environmental degradation on the other side of the world and that our prosperity relied on. and that prosperi

i remember the discovery of harrowing in the berlin wall, which happened thanks to brave people from the former gdr, which opened europe to a united europe, and of course i remember the orange the revolution of 2004 and also the nights of the euromaidan of 2013-2014, all revolutions of dignity and the yellow-blue flag and also the flag of europe are beginning freedom and self-determination of ukraine all these popular movements show the strength of the will of their people in the future to decide their own destiny russian aggression aggressive war it not only brought the ukrainian nation under reporting, it is even one more, it will become no , the decision of ukrainians to become a european nation is not irreversible if vladimir putin putin thought that he could divert the ukrainian nation from and on the way to europe, then all its tanks, rockets and drones, thanks to all the things, it only achieved the reverse and nothing else, the peoples of europe for the political and european cooperation of the peoples and for the beautiful diversity of the cultural and linguistic european so

i saw how this berlin wall was torn to pieces. and how it all ended.ouldn’t come up then, because there were soldiers of the gdr who couldn’t be done, and the next day , uh, it was impossible to get through the next day. i already go there, but there is no one there. all the holes are all destroyed and finished, and because of this , the story ends, so when today we talk about what will happen to nato, what will happen to the european union and how it will be in which position? russia will not be in this, as if, as they say in odessa, there are two big differences. russia is a power that, of course, they are trying to tear apart. here, with the help of sanctions and other all these cases, and these are formations. they are artificially created. they were created on certain principles, which have long been destroyed and do not exist. here is one collapse, by the way, of this principle for literally another one or two minutes, one collapse of this principle, to which little attention has been paid in russia, but i would recommend taking a look. this the

well the, the statue right now is actually just a few feet from a piece as a remnant from the berlin wall that once divided this country is only a few kilometers away from the memorial for the holocaust and those who died during the world war 2. and i think that part of the significance that hong kong now represent the same kind of touch point where there's this battle and this a competition between authoritarian regimes and a democratic global alliance. and hong kong is one of those places that i think berlin used to be. and i think that part of us bringing this statute to portland is to not only look back into the past, but the say that we have to look forward because the threat to democracy we make is this trip that you think the german government that is centered should in berlin recognizes and hence supports pro democracy or voices in uncle. i think it's increasingly so in particular, after the invasion by russia to ukraine, you are a little over a year ago because i think that for a long time, we have become complacent. not only within our society, but particularly with be a belie i

so follow the berlin wall. that summer it's like the triumph of the west is evident, so i'll even i'll even call up and i'll link this on canvas. so people can read it. in totality that this is like the very beginning of it like here it is on jstor the very beginning. in watching the flow of events over the past decade or so. it is hard to avoid the feeling that something very fundamental has happened in world history. the past year has seen a flood of argument articles commemorating the end of the cold war and the fact that peace in quotes seems to be breaking out in many regions of the world. it's interesting. it's like so pieces in quotation marks because the idea that the cold war didn't have much conflict which we talked about how like how much conflict there was last week. most of these analysis lack any larger conceptual framework for distinguishing between what is essential and what is contingent or accidental in world history and are predictably superficial. so here this paragraph. he does some of his

nuclear weapons and its use, withdrawing from seizing and competing for our possession in 1989, the berlin wall, what a formula , it had no more socks for competition. two years later, with the end of the soviet union, america no longer had any competitors in the world, competitors the united states and its european partners have opened the door to discuss plans for the post-soviet era, a new order , a unipolar order, but they did not want to hear our voice. and trying to divide the countries of west asia and north africa, either through the direct invasion of iraq and afghanistan is also an excuse for september 11. i hear your voice. the world also hears your voice. those who destroyed these towers will soon hear the voice of all of us through the creation of clinton's isis and the fact that isis is fixing the costs . astrologically, we spent 8 thousand billion dollars in iraq to advance your goals, but we received nothing in return. the expansion of nato spread to the conflict between russia and ukraine . the new middle east also caused the deaths and displacement of millions of people. where

are more comfortable with the offensive line, because i nicknamed the persepolis goalkeeper the berlin wall for many years, but this year he is getting more. 22 seasons ago, a total of 22 that nishi had in 66 games, and that's it. the number of shutouts this season has been reduced to zero in the opening game. terstegen's back-to-backs made barcelona the only team in the history of the league to become the only team in the league's first game, as he conceded only seven goals. we will make it ours i eat the best filter breaker in recent years. i was happy. he kept more shutouts in the five prestigious european leagues than any other time in the past, and by the end of the thirty-seventh week of the a league , he recorded twenty-six clean sheets and became the best scorer in the history of barcelona . even better, the early championship of the catalans, the use of reserve players and the lack of motivation of the defenders has caused the record of the fewest goals scored in a season in the 21st century not to be broken. he owns the record of 15 goals scored by peter cech but now there is only

nuclear weapons, and their use, withdrawal from the capture and competition for possession of the berlin wall in 1989, when it collapsed , there was no more competition, the bipolarity of east and west had come to an end. two years later, with the end of the soviet union, america was no longer a competitor in the world . america, together with its european partners, for the post -soviet era , we read the plans to have a new unipolar order, but they did not want to hear our voice. they have been in now advancing towards our borders are the new east and trying to the division of the countries of west asia and north africa and b2720, whether through a direct campaign to iraq and afghanistan, as an excuse for september 11 , i hear your voice, the world also hears your voice, those who destroyed these towers will soon want the voice of all of us. i heard that isis was created by clinton and that isis was created. we spent 8000 billion dollars in iraq in order to advance our goals, but in return for what we received, nothing for nato was spread to the conflict between russia and ukraine . the new m

east germany built a wall between east and west berlin. that's like indian because he's going to mention pieces of items item the most. i found it to be kind of this the best customer when buying building was split into an east germany or guns to shoot anyone trying to flee. frederick strauss that was one of the few border crossings. it's where americans spine couple, jeffrey and beatrice ship. it's cross between west and east berlin to meet with members of the administrative, state security, extremities intelligence service, as well as the size of the country secret police, the years they with the country's top spies. the high profile target was the chancellor of the federal republic of germany, the of the department, and one a. they were specialized in getting information from the chancellor's office. and this concert, we were shocked. we were trained the spines and so we had, we knew we had a lot of work in a day, which is by, on the highest political figure in the country, making them some of the most dangerous agents of the postwar pe

but his son reported that as the family sat at home watching television watching the fall of the berlin wall on tv hayek could not resist smiling and saying i told you so now, you know during those heady years after the fall of the berlin wall many of us and myself included expected freedom to keep spreading around the world, you know, there was talk of the end of history. being and now the liberal democracy and free markets and enlightenment values had prevailed. and for a while in freedom did spread but lately as we've seen its in retreat, you know both abroad you must obviously in china and russia, but also here at home. young americans are suddenly embracing socialism academics and journalists are demanding censorship. both political parties have turned protectionist public officials have have claimed unprecedented powers to suspend fundamental liberties and that traditional guarantee of equal justice for all is giving way to something called social justice. now these developments have come as a rude shock to many of us. but if hayek, we're alive today he could say once again i told you

host: how should we think about the fall of the berlin wall in light of putin las vegas incursion in ukraine? guest: i was standing on the white house lawn when they signed a peace agreement, and there was somebody standing next to me who said isn't this wonderful? peace has finally broken out. and i said with a deep cynicism that comes with being in this business there will always be other enemies, and so there are. one thing collapses, under the rises. when dictator dies, another grows up. there is always been people in the world since the garden of eden, and we have to stand against it and fight against it and resisted. there is a scripture that says resist the devil and he will flee from you. that works in theological terms. that also works among foreign policy and other areas. host: let me divert from the late 1980's to today, israel is celebrating its 75th anary as a country. massive protests on the street about supposed into changes to the judicial system. what do you see from afar about what is going on? guest: i just got back from my 27th issue. i just love the country. i ha

est: of course, the coming down of the berlin wall which came down under george was 41, but the seedsere sown in the reagan administration when he stood up to the soviet union, gorbachev. i think it was 1983 he put missiles in eastern europe to counter the soviet build up there, and the american left was screaming he was going to create world war iii, and instead because this civic is to back down, and that begin the process that is opened up eastern europe and given the freedom unlike anything they have seen in decades. that is a lasting legacy. he raised taxes, but a lower taxes. he named sandra day o'connor to the court, first woman on the court, which is a good thing. she voted to uphold roe v. wade, and some people warned her record was kind of spotty. where we heard that before? i think he was one of the few presidents i have met, i have met everyone since jfk, the presidency did not change them. he knew who he was before he came to office, and he left the same afterwards, and he was probably the most optimistic president of all of the ones i have met. just an incredible persona

point this out and again remembering what vitaliy said, we talked about the new barvinsky, the new berlin walle reagan administration on the initiative to overcome the berlin sea, and in the end, after i left, it all became quite successful and this because we were ambitious, no ugu and our radio svoboda worked effectively at that time , so we and you don't forget about the voice of america , well, the voice of america was even more important, and you know what i think we were not ambitious enough in that we could counteract putin's lies. we thought that we only have a military way in this war. this is not quite right. we are not only a military way, and god bless the soldiers at the front who are waging this war and the people in the rear who are helping them, but that's the sense . but this is a consensus in russia there is something we need to break it. for this, we need to work much harder to prepare for the issue of the russian media. exiled i can say that criticism of the exiled russian media is ineffective, that they only say what they say later. but those who listen to the russian medi

>> a lot of reasons, you can go back to the berlin wall fell, for many decades we are the only superpower and there is an entire industry out of shutting down the fossil fuel industry and it's happened elsewhere. germany is very lucky they had a warm winter the problem is long-term energy policy for all of these places live difference in the short-terml policy they have started to recognize rely on one particular country, particularly a country that's not necessarily the same ideological place as thet restf europe, energy is horribly problematic in their shutting down nuclear plants because they been taken off line three years ago, five years ago, seven years ago and it's impossible to turn that around but they also have other places in which they have access to natural gas and be able to do these things, they have to develop the infrastructure. >> it's interesting because one of the natural gas utility companies, we didn't realize energy security mattered any longer. what would you say in response? >> you need reliable resilient power and alled of the wind and solar projects and weathere

when i was in the seventh grade, the berlin wall fell, right? for many, many decades, we were the only superpower, and there is this entire, i mean, there is an entire cottage industry out of shutting down the fossil fuel industry. it has happened elsewhere, right? germany is very, very lucky they had an unseasonably warm winter this year, and the problem is, the long-term energy policy for all of these places looks a lot different than a short-term politics, but they have started to realize that rely on one particular country, particularly when it is not necessarily in the same ideological place as the rest of your for your energy is horribly problematic, at the same time they are shutting down nuclear plants because they were taken off line years ago, five years ago, seven years ago, it is impossible to turn that train around. other places they have real access to natural gas, and to be able to do these things, they have to develop the infrastructure. brigham: it is interesting you say that, because one of the ceo's of the german natural gas u

popejohn paul ii had a vital role before the fall of the berlin wall.t pope francis and asked for his help when it comes to repay treating ukrainian children who had been forcibly deported to russia. a few days after that, pope francis has said he was willing to do everything that he could to help. he also mentioned that there is a mission under way, mentioned that there is a mission underway, but mentioned that there is a mission under way, but could not give details. there is a lot of speculation here that when president zelensky meets pope francis later today, it will be a discussion of this mission.— today, it will be a discussion of this mission. ., ~ , ., , . this mission. thank you very much for aaivin this mission. thank you very much for giving us _ this mission. thank you very much for giving us that _ this mission. thank you very much for giving us that analysis. - russia carried out a new wave of air strikes on kyiv and other ukrainian cities overnight. the latest russian strikes come as ukrainian forces say — they've have made progress near

that brought down the berlin wall, and that leads ukraine to defend its country with such valour, inspiringem all. the counsel of europe has nurtured that spirit for three quarters of a century. and it must do so again now, because today we are facing the greatest threat to democracy and the rule of law and our continent since before the treaty of london was signed. with russia reaching a war of aggression on european soil, and china growing in assertiveness, the world is becoming more contested, and more volatile. the challenge to our values is growing, and the moment to push back is now. democracy like ours must build resilience so that we can out cooperate and outcompete those who drive instability. that's why we are working so closely with our friends across europe, why we are working so closely with ourfriends across europe, through the g7, nato, thejoint expeditionary force, the european political community, and with a welcome new tone in our relations with the european union. france, the united kingdom may have left the eu, but we have not left europe. we remain a proud european nati

think for a lot of reasons and you can go all the way back to when i was in the seven great in the berlin wallell. for many decades we were the only superpower and there is this entire -- there is an entire cottage industry out of shutting down the fossil fuel industry. it's happened elsewhere. germany is very lucky they had an unseasonably warm winter this year and i think the problem is the long-term energy policies for all of these places look a lot different than the short-term politics. but they started to recognize that relying on one particular country, particularly a country not necessarily in the same ideological place as the rest of europe, for your energy, is orally problematic. at the same time they are shutting down nuclear plants because they were taken off-line three years, five years ago, and it is impossible to turn that train around. there are other places in which they have real access to natural gas and to be able to do these things they have to develop the infrastructure. brigham: it's interesting you say that, one of the ceos of a german natural gas utility company said w

so these are the 2 and the fall of the berlin wall became a symbol and not only of the phone of that, so to target to 30 tar young comedy system. but also of the v. you and you, if you cation of the hall of your room, the call ups of the soviet union was the beginning of a journal of the nations, of habit of reason, towards unity in a come on your own onyx 30 authorities where return to their rightful owners and the nations of europe quotes finally be returned to europe. what you're up means you're a means corporation above competition and unity in diverse. the call ups of the russian companies and buyer allows a release of energy and po that because being suppressed for many decades of enslavement. all nations hope for freedom. sovereignty and security in europe should also resemble a local community. if a fire brags breaks out, neighbors come to each other's mutual aid. if someone gets sick, no one turns their back on them. the strength of european civilization is, corporation, is foundation assault. he died as her and the driving force of the desire for freedom. as you're of, it's

. >> you look at fdr, ronald reagan's speech, the berlin wall speech. we learned he was struggling with health issues later on in his presidency. when you look at those speechs and look at that farewell speech he was very sharp. at least he was able to have the strength to function and do that job in that way, create some of the truly memorable, historic moments and speeches. this is a such across the i'll issue. every one of us when we watched the clip of john fedder man it makes you uncomfortable and you feel bad. i recently ran into him in washington and said hello. he's disorientated. bernie sanders is looking at his shoes. the other gentleman is like i have something in my pocket. they're uncomfortable. i don't know the answer. maybe there is a way to have a very neutral medical group that says when there is a situation like this we have to do an evaluation that can not have any context of politics at all. maybe put forward a report. you know this person is or isn't able to serve in their job. i think katie porter makes a great point. if we -p coul

germany, west germany were competing as one team, even though they hated each other right before the berlin wall went up. there are so many ways you can look it at the lens of sports and politics through the olympics. so that brings me to the 1936 olympics. jesse owens takes on the nazis at, the 1968 olympics, the black power salute, the 1980 olympics. the miracle on ice. what do you think has been the equivalent or the biggest olympic moment in the last 40 years? is there an equivalent to one of those moments in our most modern times. i mean, i think the thing we're seeing now is a focus on. some of the human rights abuses associated with the olympics, the the bribery scandals that are happening outside the venues of games themselves in a more critical look at even whether the olympics have a place in this world, given, you know, all of the controversies we know that are swirling around, i think we've seen issues of expansion, of opportune cities in some cases with the paralympics, you know, and disabled athletes, lgbt athletes with a platform in some countries where the olympics are being held

alliances in europe and asia that would endure with us through the generations and i think when the berlin wall fell in 1989, we saw just how powerful that vision was because the alliances that had been created by the soviet union after world war ii in particular the warsaw pact crumbled immediately, whereas the alliances that sprung out of the marshall plan, i'm thinking in particular of nato, but not just nato, the european union because european integration, political integration, was also a key aim of the marshall plan, they became is popular supper,. newly-liberated countries of central and eastern europe were clamoring to get into those institutions. so, that i think is a great legacy of the marshall plan. >> and benn we covered your remarks about this on book tv in an event in 2018 and you called the marshall plan quote, visionary the hardheaded. explain that. >> yeah, the reason that we are talking about the marshall plan today is because we see it as a success. it was a success partly because of the way we had to find the boundaries of the plan. if we had, at the time, define success i

right in the very center in the very heart of europe's childhood forests were taken to pave the new berlin walls it really. berlin large animals are killed daily, and it was no one. well, that's what democracy is. this should also make people a little more reasonable, the more ngos and the more such charitable organizations. uh, the more often the country goes tartars. yes, even remember what happened in georgia. but the laws of foreigners keep wringing the hands of democracy to the desire of the people that there are no foreign agents wringing the hands of parliament. why don't they let let's say, the union of orthodox journalists in washington so that it sits somewhere there or there, let's say some belarusian diaspora, which really will be, uh, at the base. mii up created. let us, too, will, well, integrate. they wanted the integration of globalization. it turned out to be globalization, so the 20th year is how you know us. eh, as they say lightening. eh, he slapped his cheeks on his cheeks, and you know, we woke up, because, of course, we moistened it all, his consent of ours developed. yes

increasing debt servicing cost for the first time in 35 years and for the first time since the berlin wall came down we are deglobalizing based on what kayla just said. with that said, investors should expect slightly higher inflation, 3% instead of 2 and higher p-es on stocks and you have to be like this in this environment. most investors were investing in the complete opposite environment that we're going into today and companies need to have their ear to the ground in washington because washington will have a much bigger impact over their business models moving forward >> you never like to hear that interesting point. rich, i saw you nodding earlier about valuations upon. i appreciate you kayla tausche, richard bernstein and dan clifton. >>> that's having an impact on mortgage rates let's get to diana olick for the latest diana? >> kelly, the average rate on a 30-year fixed has been climbing sharply on concerns over the debt limit and new comment, conflicting comments from kashkari and bullard over the future of interest rates bond yields took off on that the average 30-year fixed went

decision to pursue a neutral solution for laos after a tough, testy summit with in vienna after, the berlin wall going up in august after the tank crisis in october of 1961. i just can't take another hit essentially in 1961. and even after after the the khrushchev meeting, kennedy says james reston of the new york times, you know, now, now we have a problem of making our our power credible to khrushchev and vietnam is the place. so you hear him saying both things at the same time that it's their war, but we need to remain committed in helping them fight it. and that is a tension that they were never really to resolve. and as as the withdrawal, how to explain the withdrawal. did launch a public relations campaign of a sort after october of 1962. and i would mention in that regard that that's the first that anybody hears about publicly, all this planning is done in secret. from may of 1962, when it's floated to general harkins, the head of the military assistance command in vietnam to july of 62, when mcnamara actually directs the formal planning begin to january of 63, when the first iteration of