unconscious bias. dr. eberhardt: that association between blackness and crime makes its way into all of our minds. soledad: i'm soledad o'brien. welcome to "matter of fact." today, a look at the pivotal role south carolina plays in presidential politics. earlier this year we visited the state and spoke to college of charleston professors h. gibbs knotts and jordan ragusa, co-authors of "first in the south: why south carolina's presidential primary matters." who do you guys think will win it from the democratic side? >> i'd be very surprised if biden doesn't win the south carolina primary. and that could be enough to get the momentum to be able to get the nomination. soledad: both men accurately predicted joe biden would win the state's primary and also his party's nomination. but neither gibbs or ragusa could have predicted just how close the race would be between lindsey graham and jamie harrison who are now virtually deadlocked with a little more than two weeks until election day. we've spoken with senat

general making these disclosures does this reflect a bias where appearance of bias on the part of the attorney general? >> i know those particulars well enough but in these that are at odds with the nature of that department by all americans. >> with the attorney general's office is at a concern for all of this. >> because we need that institution to be seen as separate from our tribal warfare. and where the attorney general access the personal lawyer and friends that and that is a priceless thing under threat. >> even though i acknowledge those officials that continue to human asked a number of questions about those that president trump does on - - that he owes do you think we should require all candidates to disclose significant sums of money they owe to entities or even countrieses? >> my opinion on both of those is worth no more than any other americans. we all went to understand what is going on with our leaders to make a sound choice when we were in november and i will leave it there is thank you testified it is important for those of us to call office of public trust to disclos

our company to bias as help us filter input to avoid cognitive overload. these mental watchdogs are not so much essential as they are never going to. get on the internet any manner of filtering as quickly seen as control propaganda and concealment. by. this information market was once regulated by gatekeepers by guardians of the threshold but usual which is to say journalists politicians academics and a whole series of people who were trusted to disseminate information in public places secure the internet anyone can express their opinions to the world directly and that's good. but in the nixon era we were lucky that there were honest players within a society of the spectacle that says it did this big or your dream in your members today there isn't even a spectacle today it's a society of ads about a spectacle. was only released in us to. any journalist academic or writer who has tried to expose or criticize these things that any given moment down themselves immediately accused of being part of a conspiracy but. when things go viral we rarely check the cont

on my local situation trimborn affair his we can call an anchor bias. according to the anchor bias we rely heavily on the 1st piece of information we receive this goes beyond economics. professor of cognitive sciences is especially interested in and curative theories as children we tend to form our own theories about the world that are meant to explain every day events around us but aren't necessarily accurate as they don't necessarily comply with the scientific view of the world but these intuitive ideas never go away that are suppressed. and if a person is burdened under time pressure or has a lot on their mind this intuitive understanding re-emerges. it took us a lot longer to say that a plant was alive than to say an animal was alive because plants don't move so our earliest understanding of alive just not something that can move on its own. with the confirmation bias we have developed a series of automatic responses that make us more efficient as we go through daily life. really of visiting a country which is a very different culture. can feel that

with the anchor bias and the confirmation bias we have developed a series of automatic responses thatmake us more efficient as we go through daily life one analogy really of visiting a country which is a very different culture to our in feel that we experience cognitively team because we are constantly having to learn as such our expectations and our knowledge of very useful enabling us to function on a daily basis. cognitive laziness does not necessarily translate to lack of energy on the contrary believers often increase their efforts to solidify that belief so. true believers a motivator than the average citizen and because they are more driven by occupying the spaces left empty in the deregulatory information markets are empty chairs in this market and good. that produces a terrible effect these tyranny of minorities can convince people who are undecided to side with then. another powerful effect on line is conformity conformity is an active part of confirmation bias members of a homogenous group will ruthlessly reject any element that does not conform to their collective beliefs.

today we look at bias in the media, real or perceived.iscuss the issue, three prominent journalists, maria hinojosa, anchor and executive producer of black usa on national public radio. luis rios with the san antonio express news. and matter-of-fact correspondent joyce chan -- joie chen. soledad: please, you have a doing our job as a photojournalist and document terrien -- documentarian for 40 years. talk to me about your team you send out into the field. are they racially diverse? what conversations you have with them about their point of view as they are looking through their cameras? luis: one conversation we constantly have even though we have been doing it for years, is to look at the viewfinder or tell me what they are looking at. it is strictly interpretive, obviously. and very subjective. and what we do with still photography. it's incredibly powerful medium. the one thing i always preach, and and i'm old enough to preach now to them, i'll tell them that it has to be truthful. it has to be responsible. and more importantly, it has

that was on the question of bias. just about the appearance of bias. that is a statute that does require a justice or judge to recuse when there's an appearance of bias. what i will commit to every member and the rest of the senate and american people's i will consider all factors relevant to that question. relevant to the question that requires recusal when there is an appearance of bias. there is case law under the statute and as i referenced in describing the process, justice ginsburg said it is done with consultation of the other justices. confirmedif i were arises, iispute would seriously undertake that process and consider every relevant factor. i cannot commit right now for the reasons we talked about, but i assure you of my integrity that i would take that question seriously. thank you. on the question of consultation, the former chief justice rehnquist, because this question came up, wrote a letter to members of this committee, there is no formal seizure for court review of a decision. individual cases into something justice ginsburg did say,

to prosecutorial bias, sentencing disparities. these are wide and vast areas that have been shown to have such implicit racial bias evident in them. ar clearly this ye we have been grappling as a nation with a lot of these issues. and it is a part of our long-standing history. you cannot divorce the role of judges in our history over these some 200 years and how race has been a persistent part of the national narrative, grappling with deep issues of bigotry and bias overt as well as the biases that exist. of the that many unjust death of unarmed african-americans at the hand of law enforcement have brought this more into the public concern. and so i just want to ask you and maybe give you more of a chance to discuss, i understand you are not aware of specific studies i cited which is central to the u.s. sentencing commission that advises federal judges. so, i just want to give you an opportunity today to share what studies, articles, books, law review articles or commentary you have read regarding racial disparities present in our

and unconscious bias if we don't address the implicit bias. >> because history is so important of theolution as a protector and ally? >>. >> the first place department being organized with those lynchings that took place for any of those in law enforcement in los angeles this is can consolidate in power. >> i turn out to the representative. >> can you hear me? >> this is a very important hearing but despite identifying the problem and going back 2006 i do know those witnesses did come before. and with that testimony they use the word white supremacy wants so even more concerning the recent whistleblower report that they are attempting to suppress that predicted that elevated threat but that is word i mean the it is denied by the fbi because i am concerned the fbi has released a report of what they call black identity extremism. does any such movement or what does it mean to you what that black identity otherwise of premised and believes? >> it is a example systemic fight one - - bias it is over overwhelmingly white so when the guidelines are altered to allow them to investigate that e

take the implicit bias association test. we talk about the test on the show and explain why all of us have blind spots when it comes to race. the learning tour the hard truth about bias will live stream on matter tv october 8. >> how do you vote when you are 200 miles above earth? soledad: welcome back. have you figured out how you are voting, absentee, in person. four americans plan to cast a ballot while in orbit. they are astronauts obviously and pending no launch delays they will arrive at the space station between october 14 and halloween just before the election. according to nasa it is a pretty straightforward process by e-mail. before flying they fill out a federal postcard application which is the same form that members of the military use for absentee voting while deemployment. mission control e-mails them ballots on election day and they complete the ballot and e-mail it back to tphrars which sends it to the various county clerks offices. nasa has allowed voting from space since 1997. >> still ahead. pitch perfect

so there is less opportunity for bias. so you can see differential outcomes where black men, which represents 24% of our operators are receiving 26% of the discipline, but where the very interesting figure is the black female operators, 16% of the operators getting 20% of the non-safety related discipline. so to what degree is the differential rate of discipline around attendance not necessarily related to bias by our managers at sfmta but related to the fact that our regional housing policies significantly disadvantage black women in terms of their ability to find housing where there is a reliable commute and black women have a rate of having to be responsible for child care and children's transportation. that's work that remains to be done and work we're quite interested in doing to make sure we're solving the actual underlying systemic racism at its root, rather than at the surface level. like i said, we're going to continue to look in detail at the intersectionality for all this data and also know that we're going to n

so there is less opportunity for bias. so you can see differential outcomes where black men, which represents 24% of our operators are receiving 26% of the discipline, but where the very interesting figure is the black female operators, 16% of the operators getting 20% of the non-safety related discipline. so to what degree is the differential rate of discipline around attendance not necessarily related to bias by our managers at sfmta but related to the fact that our regional housing policies significantly disadvantage black women in terms of their ability to find housing where there is a reliable commute and black women have a rate of having to be responsible for child care and children's transportation. that's work that remains to be done and work we're quite interested in doing to make sure we're solving the actual underlying systemic racism at its root, rather than at the surface level. like i said, we're going to continue to look in detail at the intersectionality for all this data and also know that we're going to n

>> cases that relate to racial bias, do they come before the court? >> certainly we have discrimination cases. the 1983 cases, title vii cases. >> in the research for those cases you familiarize yourself with a lot of the data on discrimination in the system. >> we familiarize ourselves with the arguments the parties make any information they put in the record. in some cases i've had parties submit, submitted in the district court and made part of the record. >> i want to be clear. do you believe that there is in fact implicit racial bias in the criminal justice system? yes or no question. do you believe in fact there is implicit racial bias in the criminal justice system? >> it would be hard to imagine a system as big as ours not having any implicit bias in it. >> is that a yes? >> senator, yes i think that in our large criminal justice system it would be inconceivable that there wasn't some implicit bias. >> okay. over the last two years, about 121 of president trump's traditional nominees have said that there is implicit racial bias in the justice

so there is less opportunity for bias. so you can see differential outcomes where black men, which represents 24% of our operators are receiving 26% of the discipline, but where the very interesting figure is the black female operators, 16% of the operators getting 20% of the non-safety related discipline. so to what degree is the differential rate of discipline around attendance not necessarily related to bias by our managers at sfmta but related to the fact that our regional housing policies significantly disadvantage black women in terms of their ability to find housing where there is a reliable commute and black women have a rate of having to be responsible for child care and children's transportation. that's work that remains to be done and work we're quite interested in doing to make sure we're solving the actual underlying systemic racism at its root, rather than at the surface level. like i said, we're going to continue to look in detail at the intersectionality for all this data and also know that we're going to n

and unconscious bias if we don't address overt and explicit bias. >> and, professor johnson, given the sequence of events that took place in kenosha, wisconsin, kyle rittenhouse murdered and injured black lives matter he activists, can you give us year vi your view, evolution is so important. as a protector an ally of white supremacist groups.. >> your question illustrates how significant this history is. i mean, between the first police departments being organized to catch enslaved people, to the l lynchings that took place for decades without any white people being held responsible by law fm enforcement. to, you know, a lot of the unrest that we saw in los angeles in the '90s and elsewhere that this is something that is consolidated power within the state. and it's used against people of. color and poor people in this country. >> thank you. the gentle lady's time has >> expired. >> thank you. >> thank you. thank you, professor johnson. i turn to the representative of the district of columbia, mrs. norton, you're recognized for your five minutes >> can you hear me, mr. his is chairman

in the first page of google search results, strong liberal bias and we are seeing that bias in everygle demographic group. in fact, in one report we generated recently, we saw more liberal bias in google content going to conservatives then going to liberals. >> interesting. that is the definition of prope propaganda. there tailoring information to change the views of people in a wsvery targeted way. it's obviously election interference. it is it illegal? >> there are no specific laws o regulations in place stopping a company from--like google from doing something like have. basically the courts of over an over again said they can exercise their free speech rights and show people anything they want to show people. but yes indeed, you could look at this as an extreme violation of campaign finance laws and in effect they are making huge in-kind donations. huge to one party or one candidate. it doesn't cost them a dime, bu that's not the issue. the issue is what would it cost you i to do it or what would it cost me to do it and were talking tens of millions of dollars at least. >> one of

it is unquestionable that there are cultural bias in these data and that cultural bias will simply beated by the use of a.i. so this is a real danger zone, and we need to be very careful about the use of a.i. as criminal justice, facial recognition and human resource systems. this is very touchy, very dangerous stuff. emily: interesting. what do you think makes your offering better, than for example what salesforce has to offer. tom: salesforce is a crm product. to my knowledge, they are not in the enterprise a.i. business. emily: they do have their own a.i. offering called einstein. they also bought another company which connects more disparate data sources. c3.ai market. alsoft suggests to the person what is the next up in the sales process. that is not on ai problem. what we solve our ai problems. we are taking the data, massive amounts of data from oil and gas companies, manufacturing companies, companies in the -- aerospace industry, and building machine learning models that are highly predictive. those are classic ai problems. the kind of problems that salesforce claims they are

when we are talking about hate and bias in our country right now. sam: congressman, in recent years, the relationship between europeand states and democracies has suffered strains. we maintainant that our relationship with europe? rep. allred: we need to lean into these relationships and we should be working more closely with european allies. the post-world war ii order that has cap the world largely out of another -- kept the world largely out of another world war was because of our institutions and this president has walked away from all of them or questioned them or said they don't serve a purpose anymore and the rest of the world is looking at us. the rest of the world is looking at us and wondering if this is what the u.s. will be going forward. coax up tog to strongmen?-- abandoned our fundamental american values that is frankly embarrassing and you cannot have an extension of it. but i am running for reelection and as far as what congress has to do is reassert our role in foreign policy. that's what we tried to do during this first term, two

bias associated with that figure in and of itself is amazing but for our international audience which may not be very familiar with the a particular areas of you know in the united states what have white sounding and whatever black sounding names it's. so you know black sounding names might be something like a tyrone you know rashida which is actually more arabic right then than anything else it might be. he should write these these kinds of names whereas you know like a white sounding name which is typically more like a you know like a christian name might be it might be emily it might be samantha it might be patricia it might be you know names that you know give the impression that the holder of that name is likely you know a white person or ok well i'm sure it's just air strikes me as european sounding and i mean it is i mean you don't see the piece positive or a negative rise because you know. i had. i remember i went to an interview where the person when i showed up the person said they were expecting someone who was irish right which which was pretty interesting that they would

i think the bias on a friday morning. ithinki the bias on a friday morning. i think i am doing very well. the white house says mr trump remains in charge but his presidential campaign is postponing rallies and other events. we will ask what does this mean for america's political future. borisjohnson america's political future. boris johnson and the america's political future. borisjohnson and the president of the european union says the uk and eu will work to overcome significant gaps in the future relationship. good morning from washington. a day of uncertainty one month before the election. donald trump spent his first night in hospital after being transferred from the white house following his diagnosis of covid—i9. a helicopter took to the hospital a short distance from the white house. let us cross now to walter reed military medical centre to get an update on donald trump's condition from dr sean conley, one of the medics who is treating him. the last that we heard was on —— was at 11 o'clock last night. iamjoined o'clock last night. i am joined now by

with the anchor bias and the confirmation bias we have developed a series of automatic responses that make us more efficient as we go through daily life one analogy literally of visiting a country which is a very different culture to our in feel that we experience cognitive pity because we are constantly having to learn as such our expectations and our knowledge is very useful in enabling us to function on a daily basis. cognitive laziness does not necessarily translate to lack of energy on the contrary believers often increase their efforts to solidify their belief so . true believers a motivator than the average citizen and because they are more driven by occupy the spaces left empty in the deregulated information markets are empty chairs in this market and good. use of that produces a terrible effect this tyranny of minorities can convince people who are undecided to side with them. and have a powerful effect on line is conformity conformity is an active part of confirmation bias members of a homogenous group will ruthlessly reject any element that does not conform to their collect

not on being or yahoo and we are seeing that bias in every demographic group.ne report we generated recently, we saw more liberal bias in google content going to conservatives than going to liberals. >> tucker: interesting. that is the depositio definitiof propaganda, tailoring information to change the views of people in a targeted way. it's immoral, and election interference, it' is it illegal? we have campaign finance laws, don't we? >> there is no specific laws or regulations in place stopping a company like google from doing things like this and they said they can exercise their free speech rights and to show people anything they want to show people. you could look at this as an extreme violation of campaign finance laws. in effect, they are making huge in-kind donations to one party, one candidate, it doesn't cost them a dime but that's not the issue. the issue is what would it cost you to do it or what would it cost me to do it and we are talking tens of millions of dollars at least. >> tucker: one of the reasons this is so corrosive is because it's so d

but, yeah, they're going to have to insert humans which will implicitly involve a bias.at bias seems to be leaning right, actually. 7 of the 10 most viral stories on facebook are from conservative outlets. so there's no getting around it. they're media companies, every media company from from cnbc, the to "the new york times"es to barron's has a bias, get over it. the notion that it's conservative, the facts don't support it. jack: real quick, you have spoken high will have of airbnb, i think you new e it might be more exciting than the world recognizes. we expect maybe that ipo possibly in december. >> yeah. incredible network effects. if you and i wanted to start a ride-hailing company, we just need local spry and demand. supply and demand. 95% in an airbnb are from all over of the world, and they've going into an ecosystem where everyone's on their heels, and they're going to be on their toes. the hospitality industry is licking its wounds, and airbnb yes, b's going to show up with billions in capital. jack: wow, that ice impressive. scott galloway, thanks a lot more

you see and hear and maybe even what you think so sit back relax and enjoy the world of covenanter bias. in less than 20 years the internet revolution has had a deep impact on human behavior than all other media so that today and even affects the way we think. imagined and invented stories and even outright lies have become prominent in our media landscape how could this be. what under. means that popularity. why is it that we've come to down to expert testimony. could it be that our brains are predisposed towards compelling nonsense. when the world wide web was invented in the 1990 s. it was imagined as a democratic space that would provide everyone direct access to all of human knowledge yet today it seems knowledge is being eclipsed by conviction and we are all at risk of being dragged down into a democracy of the gullible. to put a usual grease ecclesial there's now a competition between information providers from professional journalists to anyone with a facebook or twitter profile to capture our finite attention that will just put you generally get a job it would i never look at t

and they don't these systems are not as good at identifying bias that is systemic and straw.actual the promise of algorithms is that we can mitigate the by sees that human decision makers always have you know we always were always responding to the way somebody looks to some way somebody acts and even if we try as hard as we can and if we really have these good intentions of the try to just focus on what matters i think it's exceptionally difficult now that again is the promise of algorithms the reality is much more complicated the reality is that algorithms are trained on past human decisions they're built by fallible humans them selves in so there's still this possibility that that by sees creep into the development and application of these algorithms but certainly the promise is that we can least make the situation better than it currently is one of the things i'm really concerned about about these systems is that they seem to be part of a philosophy that increasingly sees human decision making as a black box and unknowable and computer decision making as transparent and a

and this is part of a larger problem that david sirota calls the authority bias and authority bias meaning for the government an institution says somebody did something and they must have done it and what's strange about it is that this is a country that in one way we americans i go says i don't trust the government can do any round on trust anything the government says and yet at another level at the very same time that that's the dominant with oracle paradigm in our politics there is this authority bias where when the government accuses somebody of a crime or says somebody is a a wrongdoer or flexibly millions of millions of americans thing. it must be true for you to go you're not there for your honor thank you very much you're not beholding would you like to be placed under arrest you're not allowed to arrest me . and so if you're in and you find yourself in prison it's hard to have any hope at all. a year later my client and other woman in knifepoint and less sentenced to 6 years for armed robbery but other than those his father nobody had connected my client to the murder of other in

presidential debate is happening today on with the clock ticking the question of social media bias has raised its head again. quite frankly we are moving at a startling pace in terms of all these platforms and we don't have the laws that really apply to them whoever is operating these groups and. these police say was this is our mainstream media in general. for weeks on no sign of or by the dispute between azerbaijan and armenia open up want to care about remains our correspondents on the ground they couldn't take us to the frontline and in fact they didn't go either not only because it's too dangerous but because the commanding officer of that particular platoon didn't want us filming that and more trouble for the astra zeneca popov 19 jobs and a young one and taylor has died in the back of trial he fostered reported case worldwide. while it's 9 am here in moscow happy to have your company south as we look at the big stories of the day since. doesn't get bigger than us well less than 2 weeks out from the u.s. election as the anticipation builds the 2 presidential hopefuls are set to f

the recommendation regarding modifying the policy on bias, bias and prohibiting discrimination, they're placed ahead of the queue. there are important recommendations regarding accountability and transparency. the passage of 3.01 will allow those to get done more quickly. so, there is a plan and a strategy and i think that they're moving forward to get it done. >> if i could add something to your message there. with regards to the 272 recommendations, those compliance measures are what drives the substantial compliance and for the majority of those 272, there are five to eight con ployance measures for each those recommendations. in order to achieve substantial compliance they need to be adherence of the policy. even if a recommendation is not necessarily to the point of meeting all eight com ployance measures it does not indicate there's a meaningful work being done in support of those recommendations. some may be dependent on a policy revision coming up and financial factors and other considerations as well but just because it's not quite ready doesn't mean there's not dedicated work

with the anchor bias and the confirmation bias we have developed a series of automatic responses that make us more efficient as we go through daily life one analogy literally of visiting a country which is a very different culture. can feel that we experience cognitive pity because we are constantly having to learn as such our expectations and our knowledge is very useful in enabling us to function on a daily basis. cognitive laziness does not necessarily translate to lack of energy on the contrary believers often increase their efforts to solidify their belief so all the true believers are more motivated than the average citizen and because they are more driven by occupy the spaces left empty in the deregulated information markets empty chairs in this market and good. that produces a terrible effect this tyranny of minorities can convince people who are undecided to side with them. and other powerful effect on line is conformity conformity is an active part of confirmation bias members of a homogenous group will ruthlessly reject any element that does not conform to their collective

the recommendation regarding modifying the policy on bias, bias and prohibiting discrimination, they're placed ahead of the queue. there are important recommendations regarding accountability and transparency. the passage of 3.01 will allow those to get done more quickly. so, there is a plan and a strategy and i think that they're moving forward to get it done. >> if i could add something to your message there. with regards to the 272 recommendations, those compliance measures are what drives the substantial compliance and for the majority of those 272, there are five to eight con ployance measures for each those recommendations. in order to achieve substantial compliance they need to be adherence of the policy. even if a recommendation is not necessarily to the point of meeting all eight com ployance measures it does not indicate there's a meaningful work being done in support of those recommendations. some may be dependent on a policy revision coming up and financial factors and other considerations as well but just because it's not quite ready doesn't mean there's not dedicated work