by don don flemons on black cowboys. now we can hear it.flemons on black cowboys. now we can hear it. >> i came early to understand every man in my country. when they crow and boast, the one name that came up the most was a wily horn runner they called old crock. he said i would stop them and would stop them at some escape route. they said crock thinks horse. and one day i would get to meet this fastballed man -- fabled man. >> we are going to go see him -- i said is that the wild horse man. it's him my grandpa said. my grandpa told crock stories and chewed and spit. from all of the authorities my grandpa to grandpa -- from all of the stories my grandpa told me, i felt like an authority. they took one for a bride. they fought and won the homestead battle. i couldn't wait to meet mr. crock. when his callused hand gripped mine, those old hands cut nobody any slack. it wasn't worth mentioning that crock was black. what makes it interesting is two things. this is a personal story. he knew him. the other thing of significance here is that joe proctor had the advantage t

black power. of the civil rights movement as all dr. king come all the time, and that does not do it justice. you guys have heard me say this before, the movement made king, king didn't make the movement. and after 1965, the movement was insert of an identity. king' is organization was the seven christian leadership conference. .ack power is not just a slogan -- black power is not just a slogan. lack power is an identity. black power -- black power is an identity. is a movement. at the point where black power becomes a national phrase, in greenwood mississippi in 1966, stokely carmichael, this individual here, who was a veteran of civil rights campaigns in the south. duringg with dr. king the "march against fear" in that state in 1966, after a violent policee by mississippi to the marchers who had camped out every night, stokely carmichael gave his rallying cry his famous slogan which he had used many times before now, but this is the first time it becomes a national phrase, because of the media c

, or who were believed to be black, or believed themselves to be black. he and my mother taught me that race is not something that is biologically real — we see physical contradictions all of the time around us — but it is something that is socially constructed and real because we make it so as a society. so my mother and my father were pretty clear that my brother and i were black men in this world and we needed to understand how to move that way in the world and we also needed to be proud of that. so actually, in my mixed family, i had a relatively uncomplicated sense myself as black. yeah. i am interested in that, because i know you — for a while, you were into rap culture and sort of popular black culture and then you decided that that was a very restricting, unsatisfactory sort of framework to express your identity and your blackness within, so you moved on from that, but nonetheless, i am very taken with something that you wrote as recently as 2012, when you were reflecting on the age of barack 0bama and the white house and you said "mixed race blac

were black.nd i spoke to somewhere there were only one or two blacks depending on the situation. again, white cowboys did this, and when black cowboys were there it was not unusual for them to have that responsibility. while most black cowboys remain anonymous in the anales of history, there were some, and bill picket, and we will talk about him a little later, and matthew bones hooks, and let me tell you about bones hooks. hooks was a tremendous horseman and could ride almost anything. he started as a young boy, et cetera, et cetera, and became very good at it. and why they called him bones, some thought it was because he broke a lot of bones, but that was not the case, he was a young cowboy and some of the owners did not like cowboys to gamble, so he would hold the dice or the bones. that story, i hear where he becomes bone hooks, not because he broke bones but because he carried the bones in his pocket to keep the rancher -- because, again, ranch owners didn't like people gambling, and they we

black women turned out in st. louis, and the papers reported that nearly every woman in the city registered that season. black women came to represent somewhere between 10% and 20% of new voters. and the stakes were high in st. louis, a city where local officials were using referendums to impose housing segregation, for the first time by law in the city of st. louis, black women are turning out not only to realize their own personal ambitions, not only to further women's interests, but to contribute to the struggle against jim crow, which now had a decisive sort of consequence in the ballot box in a city like st. louis. the other example i'll offer this afternoon comes from daytona, florida. and there, suffragists, club leader and educator mary, had run a very effective voter registration effort in 1919 and 1920 throughout the state of florida to get black women registered when the 19th amendment took effect. now, bethune, who ran a school in daytona for african-american girls, learned that the wave of violence an

men, black women, black people. that someight argue of these ideas are still with us in terms of how african-americans are viewed by the medical field and researchers overall. going to take us to our next question -- given there is a separate rate of infection rates for covid-19 for black americans, what steps can we take today to fort the legacy of eugenics and medicine? there will be no easy questions for you this evening. the first step in , let's say, extinguishing a legacy is acknowledging it. arc,nk thinking the long whether it's medical innovation, is something i think we should hold onto. pretending favor of these histories of exploitation occurred and if we think about that, we can begin to come up with new solutions and new ways for allssing covid-19 marginalized populations, particularly populations who we are more susceptible not because of biological difference, but also because of social and economic circumstance. one of the parallels i would say -- in the chapter in the book i spoke about today -- thi

it really begins in black churches. it begins with the black women as literary associations.it begins in black women's interventions into racist civil rights work in the free states in the north. even before we get a radical anti-slavery movement, black women are developing the intellectual, the critical intellectual foundation as creatures, as women to speak at the podium, as women who write in garrisons liberator. they already have in hand by the time they get to anti-slavery ay organizing, they already have a critique in hand and that is a critique that says no racism, sexism in american politics. that is sort of where the bar sits and that is the principle to which they will work. and it is not one that anti-slavery societies easily are readily embrace. it is one that is an easily with white women's ideas about what a political future of might look like. women like elizabeth stanton are always working by way of a complex hierarchy that places white educated women in a different strata than black women even those who are free and educated themselves. i don't think like wom

guarantee in our guy from around black history to black our graphs and here you can see.one of the 1st book in which it was introduced and it was introduced 13 years before the abolishment of slavery so that was a time in which people in europe in the netherlands look at black people as inferior beings so on that context this characterised created and that's why we protest against it but it's not just about that anymore about the fact that the character was created from one space and time over the years it's changed into a christmas tradition many people in the netherlands have grown up with this they don't see anything wrong with it so why is it now causing such controversy yeah absolutely as you said when this book was introduced it became very popular and it became the most popular tradition in the country more popular than christmas. and what you've seen the dutch context is that people believe that it's an innocent tradition because a lot of people believe that there is no racist racism in the netherlands it's innocent country racism happens in the us in south africa

black lives matter black boats matter but those black representation matter whose voices are rising to the top and whose voices are being quilt what started as murmurs in the national context became reverberating demands as the campaign cycle went on and black men voiced their disdain for democratic party they felt excluded we heard from the likes of diddy charlemagne the god ice cube and a chorus of other celebrity black men in the truck campaign began making straightforward appeals to black men seeing quakes and their support for democrats but is this all smoke and mirrors or is there something deeper that the democrats need to provide before this bio demographic disappears. former florida gubernatorial candidate angela gillen launched his podcast real talk a few weeks ago his most recent episode featured c.n.n. commentator bakari sellers commenting on the democrats' current state with black men take a listen. first of all black men are treated as if visible by the democratic or period and that's been an indictment of our already for a long period of time until election season where

because black people need to come here.t they need to get here so that we can pave a way for others, and we need to break that glass ceiling. and i will not leave this place, and i will not shut up, i will not be quiet until... ..until i see change. the university has taken steps to improve its diversity, but it's clear that some black students still struggle. i took the guys to share their concerns with the university's vice—chancellor. a lot of black students feel like, when they get here, they don't really feel like a part of the university. like, instances where we just feel like outcasts. what mechanisms does the university have for issues that black students experience? so the first step is creating a critical mass of bame students, black students in particular, so that people never feel alone. one of the things that we've done is committed to a three—year programme of increasing dialogue around issues of race. do you think this is a place that is institutionally racist? i think it's a place where race has not been ac

and i saw black officers, black teachers, black prime ministers i thought actually, policing can be myng. did friends and even some family call you a cello? absolutely full stop if you ever wa nt to absolutely full stop if you ever want to reduce your christmas card list by 70% join the mat. i was called judas, a sell—out. i don't know if i've sold out. as said very clearly, iama sold out. as said very clearly, i am a black man who happens to bea i am a black man who happens to be a cop. that means i integrated into the organisation with my beliefs and values. it's a long time now since you did the police training and then as a young beat officer. you joined the police on the streets of london. how painful is it now to recall some of the racism that racism on the street but i'm thinking of racism inside your own team. absolutely. i would get monkey noises on the radio. massive and word did you report it and wasn't investigated? word did you report it and wasn't investigated ? they word did you report it and wasn't investigated? they said they investigated but i didn't see the ib and sp

politicised and mixed with other black women and then really developed my black identity.r 20s was that you were not going to put up with this lack of representation for black people in the arts. you were committed to being creative, an artist. and in the end, i think you set up your own theatre company with a friend. yes. so i became... i went to rose bruford college, where i'm president now. which is quite a thing. i know. it's just happened, which isjust wonderful. and i was on a community theatre arts course and they trained actors, but they trained us to create our own theatre. so three of us, three of the black women on the course left the college and formed theatre of black women, a, because there was no work for us. right? so it was a practical gesture, but also it was a really strong political gesture because we wanted to be in control of our own cultural production. so that's what we did. was it also fuelled by anger? i just wonder whether for you, anger in the course of your artistic career has been a big energiser? it was when i was in my 20s. now i have lots o

communities to black customers by black owners.onsored a scholarship, concerts that would give scholarships to students, and in red, it indicates where the scholarships would be presented to black students. song titles go from "poppa's got a brand-new bag" to" i don't nothing, open the door i will get it myself, i will get up and get it myself." he does not have a message for a predominantly white audience, and he does not compromise his black cultural identity. in fact, he becomes a representation of black power at a pivotal point in american history. in the 1970's, he ties elvis presley with the most hits that reach the pop charts. continuity and change, james brown is unique, but he also represents the business acumen of berry gordy, the rock and soul-based sound of an artist like wilson pickett, and he represents the artistic freedom that the beatles possessed. it leads james brown into relatively interesting predicaments. and if he is moving into the political realm with emphasis on black pride, it makes for a strange photo op

dignity malcolm recognized black humanity and didn't want to debate white people about black humanity. king was doing some thing else and what malcolm means by dignity is both antiracism, anticolonialism but the big word from malcolm's spell determination. black people will have the right to solve their own problems and identified their own problems and when malcolm argues that what malcolm's big policy achievement like what did he do, king of the civil rights act so what did malcolm x do? my reply is this -- he turned [inaudible] into black people. he turned negroes into black and african people. i'm not even going to say african american because that hybrid excludes people. black american people if you're black you're part of the you could be biracial, multiracial, you're at in a fight is black and you know the community you are an end but that is what malcolm did for us. anything about doctor king, doctor king's notion of citizenship will be different. king is the defense attorney. he's a sending white people, black people to white people. we think about doctor king king is talking

of blackness and the pathology of chilling black people i wanted to feel that white let it wash over me let me understand what amar was feeling as he was running away from a truck behind him and 2 people in front of him white vigilantes we think who were trying to hunt him down like an animal and so i wanted us to feel that so i read those transcripts i i looked at those tapes i felt the horror the terror of the trauma the grief that all of us as black people and hopefully american citizens and hopefully global citizens felt when we spied what was going on in those tapes and then those transcripts. to mean a sensual legacy as a question the michael haven't seen have a the entire book still. has the actually when he and the one most in their homes with the top they all being a black man. you know if it takes right writing and rewriting i think the best writer is a real writer so you've got to put it on paper you have to let it be cathartic you've got to let it come out of you the chaos the cataclysm the hurt the pain the trauma the agony and then you begin to shape it into a narrative

located in the heart of harlem is black unities, burgeoning, growing black community. st. luke's hall became an important center for business, for committee activities and entertainment, and so the pastor of first emmanuel church called up st. luke hall as the place where bootlegging, bold prostitution, and cabarets belied its saintly name. and frederick asberry collins,, the pastor of salem methodist episcopal church and the adoptive father of harlem renaissance poet called st. luke hall nothing less than one of the quote hellholes of god in quote. so it was very likely that in the restaurant come in the stores, in the office spaces in st. luke hall and in its apartment held parties, to help make ends meet, , and they ran numbers game which was this highly profitable lottery gambling game and it was also very popular. success in the business of leisure and living, it seemed, required a foot in both the formal and extralegal economies in harlem. so let's recount. so in 1916 the harlem st. luke is broke. in 1918 they create, they formed the st. luke finance corporation.

ain't black. you know you want to come on down it with us. like what made you come back up north? >> i will say because of my lease. that's easy answer. i don't think i'm done with new york yet. i live in harlem editing, is one of the greatest neighborhoods ever, especially for black art still. i don't think, for example, like i had dreams of having a second home in st. martin parish louisiana when my fathers lighted from. i'm trying at this moment to make sure my father does not sell his mother's home in fayetteville, north carolina, it's been in the family for 57 years. i'm try to make sure sell it. there are things that are happening right now. i do want to create some type of -- nunnelee for myself and the children i hope to have it also for the artist, of the black people are curious just like i was. >> i wondered, you talk about, i have seen is in the book but it was easy to talk more about how coming down south, not just in bold and you and see yourself and your whole family in different wa

the same thing with black men. we still have a long way to go with people that can take that type of risk and make it happen. "the new york times" a lot of people don't know that because it was quiet. there were other big papers of african-americans and people of color running the newsroom so to get to the smaller people on - - the smaller papers that don't have any people of color on the whole staff. maybe family-owned so may have tried if there are small communities there are a lot of places that don't so it is a two-way street. >> i want to jump to questions from the audience. what do you make of new right weaning outlets outside of the neoconservative and mainstream? >> we have been here long time and we have not paid attention. may have been targeted to their audience. but i'm also fearful of them know that we know about them there's nothing i can do about it but there is a larger audience than we anticipated. without sounding too political it depends on who has the power to make something happen for them to f

the lack of black managers in the english premier league has long been a criticism, considering black portion of the squads. the same can also be said for the top leagues in germany, spain, and italy. steven gerrard, your frank lampards, your sol campbells and your ashley coles, they all respectfully have done their coaching badges, clutching at the highest level. the two that have not been given the right opportunities, the two black former players. in recent years, the man city and england forward claims he has been the target of negative attention from the media. because of the colour of his skin. with parts of the press reinforcing racial stereotypes. there's only so much people can take only so much communities and other backgrounds can take, especially black people. it is been going on for hundreds of years and people are tired. people are ready for change, and i see a lot of people on socials and stuff supporting the cause, but this is something that is more than just talking. we need to actually implement change and highlight the places that do the changes. that do need changi

officers, black teachers, black prime ministers and i thought, "actually, policing can be my calling even some family call you a sell—out? absolutely. if you ever want to reduce a christmas card list by 90%, join the met. be a black young man and join the metropolitan police. because i was called judas, a sell—out, i said "i don't know what i've sold out". i said very clearly, "i'm a black man who happens to be a cop" so that means i integrate into the organisation with my beliefs and values. i'm not going to assimilate into norms and values of the culture. it's a long time now since you did that training at the police school in hendon, and then as a young beat officer, you joined the police on the streets of london. how painful is it now, as you've done in the book and as you probably will have to do with me, to recall some of the racism that you experienced? i'm not thinking of racism from people on the streets, but i'm thinking of racism inside your own team. 0h, absolutely. i would get monkey noises on the radio, i even remember a massive n—word in upper case on my locker. and it

typical black woman.don't anyone to get upset, but let me mention right quick might be dying and this is what i need. she knew exactly the way susan moore did, this is the medicine i need, the testing 90. importantly, we show expertise to black people, because we have not historically been seen as experts about anything, people don't know what to do without. nurses and doctors, systems, cultures, when we show up as the expert, we can feel the nervous is others have around us. that is your bias not ours. seed you be an amazing to serena dr. moore come to see our patients who live in boba lucent, louisiana, anywhere, as experts on their own bodies, that they have value matter where you live or race or gender. that is what we learned. looking at your data, aggregate question, canout get their condition treated. you can do that. we're not going to devalue people anymore. we see them and trust them and invest in them and make sure they can all be seen in the future. amy: talking about their lines as we wrap up

because you black?rying to get a new house but these real estate agents are keeping you in the poor house. >> pack that moving van because we got a plan. >> introducing leo's' home-- i will make your house look so white, they'll think wes anderson missing this. i will throw out all your family photos and replace them with watercolors of boats. >> i will even throw in a diploma from dartmouth. >> art history, you know that is white. your library is going to get whitified too, and of course how to be anti-racei by in ram kensy. a that is white hot. >> and nothing says white like adding exposed bricks. >> man, that is rustic as hell. >> i will even white fie your garage. swap out that 2005 honda civic for a kayak, a pair of skis, and a volleyball net that only got used once. looking like an llb catalog, and if you order now, i will white fie your music collection. >> good-bye megan the stallion, hello barbara the streisand. leo devlin home white if i kaition, $85, you can get that from your mama within. ♪

especially black women. how they subverted some of the plants and visions, the limited economic visions of these trustees to bend the bank to meet their needs. also i want to point out two points, one that black women never abandoned their own economic network that they have forged, you know, through slavery and after. you know, put the freeman's bank in that network and the second think that even though it was devastating, not just to black wealth, but also devastating for people to lose as a symbol of, you know, progress and citizenship and opportunity and freedom for them to lose that bank. it convinced them that they needed to control their own financial institution. the upside of the closing of the freeman's bank is i think that it really jumpstarted the black banking movement with the first in 1888. >> we have one final question that we have four. it is by nancy wheeler. she thanks you and she thanks you for elevating the early black women in finance. we all want to know, other than handing out copies

black and african people. black and african people. if you are black you are part of the diaspora, biracial, multiracial, that is what malcolm did. doctor king's notion of citizenship is different. king is the defense attorney defending white people, black people to white people. when we think about doctor king, it is very robust, not just voting rights, and decent housing. environmental justice. and racial integration just wrong. want to just just -- racial integration, integration of resources, things like george floyd, or sandra bland, those would not happen in a racially integrated society. very specific geographies you will racially terrorize, demarcated as ghettos and we can occupy those but king over time absolutely begins to understand. >> let me focus on radical black dignity. it is a striking part of the book and something, a really underappreciated part for philosophical tradition, to insist on dignity, equal standing of every individual even when they come wrapped, a lot of political projects. one

what he's trying to do is the idea of dignity not just muslims who happen to be black, but black folks in new york city to be treated with dignity. he becomes somebody part of the police community, relations committee for a time. he tries to push for police reform to get a new police chief. king is going to try by '64 as well, but i think that the interface between african-americans, for black people and the criminal justice system is a big part of malcolm x's legacy in ways that we don't think about. >> one of the things that's come in the wake of, you know, the george floyd case in minneapolis this week, there's a lot of commentators who maybe out of a ens sense of despair. maybe out of a sense of a kind of political commitment say, in this country, this country just doesn't deserve any longer the allegiance of african-americans. the idea of reformist politics is in no sense justifiable. we can no longer hoard our energies and our affect into those kind of projects and for me, malcolm is such a, you know, a brilliant, exciting proponent of that kind of rhetoric and he particularly ta

only three black women. when she came back, she wrote a best-selling book about the treatment of black soldiers during world war i. thing we mentioned about her she worked for the naacp as a field secretary, and her job was to go to towns, especially in the south, where the klan had become so dominant that the black community had become subdued. she traveled to these towns by herself and would give these rousing speeches to get people feeling like they could do something. she was well aware of the dangers of what she was doing, but nevertheless believed in the traveled quite unafraid. i should add in the end she left for complicated reasons, but one was she was the only female field secretary, and addie began to feel mistreated as the only woman who did this fieldwork at the time. there was concern about gender, as well as raise. great and this accomplished woman, and the book is called "invisible" in part because at the time she started out, she was being shunted aside. she is now someone who is largely for

girl and a black woman but also people show the world you could be a black woman writing about this.e always been a curious person and i'm very close to my family, there were all these different things and what we did and i was so curious i wanted to investigate that. even though i don't show that it's in society, i've always been interested in history. i've been doing this for years. >> you know what i really love? i love how the book is wandering in a strange land and so much wondering and it sounds like a wondering about ultimately your father and his people like lead you to this journey where you come. you leave new york and try to find a part of you. did you feel like you are going to hook for part of you or a part of your father? >> absolutely. i'm going to keep it real, i was very secure in my father's line. my mother and father were not together anymore when i was born i didn't even know i had three other sisters. now where do i sit? when i wrote this book, where my father sign in is originally from, it was so healing for me. i was walking through the woods and places he hadn

companies and black banks really tried to make a point that these were black, largely black controlled efforts at uplifting the community, and there will be made appeals to race pride. some of them talked about and really stressed that they were able to accomplish the things they were able to accomplish without white assistance or use of their services. so it's a complex question. so on the one hand, you have whites who probably as a short support did participate minimally in actual investment in these organizations, but african african-americans at the same time were really stressing that they didn't really need or require whites participation to really showcase these organizations for progress. i also want to say, too, economic growth, business, is an area where you could get buy-in from a broad swath of whites, so some radical to moderates, so there were people who could be staunchly segregationist who could support the idea of a separate black economy, and then you could have more liberal or moderate people, whites, who could also support a black separate economy. so again the idea

that blackness. and here we are still rising. but then they hide behind the shiny badges to absolve themselves of all responsibility and refused to back down. and with those on the developing child spray marketed at harvard university. i cannot not feel it. everything i think and feel is what many don't want to hear they have moons that will not heal. that is not a cry for help it's a scream for recognition. not just those on the road but still making their way up the website of the mountain. that is just a sampling of the beautifully written book for those of you who have not yet read it. that is what is in store. and this is some good flavor for that. talk about your childhood in the many difficulties he faced in your family. talk about that and how much that influenced your life and work now. >> like one of the open wounds like my voice or my stutter for instance is that one of the manifestations and if that was included in ashley from like when i was nine years old and also that this is happening

black community. i want to be sensitive how i say this. part of what has to happen is persuading the white community that they need to do this. that's a huge part of this. the question is whether there is a way to do that not just about the moral imperative, because people are often selfish. they are not selfless, and there are people in the white community that look at quotas or look at targeted goals even and say, you can get out the smallest violin that you want and say, if we do this, it's going to be bad for me. i'm just saying, that is what you hear. what do you say to that? be tof this effort has to make the case. ursula: can i start, robert? robert: why don't you start, ursula? ursula: i will start with the quotas story and make sure we are clear. i think michael said it to start with. it's interesting how this becomes a divisive issue. [laughter] quotas are used every single day all the time, particularly in government programs. that is one. world whereave a 60-something percent of the popula

black people but not just police brutality. resegregation of public schools, disparity in health care and economics, mass incarceration. we have to talk about racism and how we treat and still do not have just immigration policies and we have to talk about the continued mistreatment and refusal to treat our indigenous brothers and sisters right, but we also have to deal with the fact that we have before covid 140 million poor people in this country, 43% of the nation, at 60.9% of black people are poor and low wealth, but we also have 66 million white people who are poor and no wealth, that is 31% of white people. we have to talk about race and poverty together, we have to deal with the 52 million people who work without a living wage, we have to deal with the fact that over 50% of black people work every day without a living wage. those being the facts, there are some things we have to make sure. this president-elect ran on three critical things that have to happen in the first 100 days. he ran on 15 in a union. if we pass a $1

are not black that is what we'll be talking about with the guests today. tell everybody who you are welcome to the street thank you so much for having me i mean it's the chairman's i am a retired social worker and they're all there i'm an activist and a black 5 minutes so i'm happy to be here. happy to have you a smile welcome to the stream great job new tell everybody he. says so my name address my going to cam i am an author clinical social worker and been doing this work for about for. it to have the luxury good to have you back on the strangest remind everybody. i my name is mark greenhill i'm an anti-racism educator i'm the executive director of muslim anti-racism collaborative. great having oh it's a guest we are streaming on you tube right now so we have people watching on you if you have questions you've got comments and i guess would be very happy to help you out with them so just jumping around the new team you can be in the conversation resumes say ready all the guesses so ready i might get under. allies even the word about well what is it we ar

we live with our black colleagues and our black population.them to hear from us that we have scientists that have been involved in this process from day one. we have physicians and nurses who have participated in these clinical trials, and we want them to know that we're doing everything to affirm and respect that black bodies and black minds matter >> yeah. >> and that it's our responsibility to make sure that our nation is going to take care of our people, even when we're talking about medical care, the research enterprise, and all follow-up care that individuals may need once they have this vaccine. >> let me ask you this. the cdc has the rate of covid-19 -related hospitalizations three times higher for black americans than white americans. how do we stop this? >> you know, this is a historical problem in that we have been underfunded many times. we don't have assets to primary care physicians. as we heard throughout this pandemic, we have a lot of pre-existing conditions. if we're going to stop this, first of all, we have to make sure we h

black community is very often living on the periphery of europe. the notion of blackness that never really fit together properly you know the more i tried the afro peon solidly on to something the more it fell apart what is afro paean isn't something that actually exists or is it a construct. stefania construct i think that's something that the black community in europe haven't had historically in the same way that the african-american community of you know a kind of solidarity in the face of racism. in interweave stories of the people pets met on his journey with the history of european colonialism. light on atrocities white europeans committed on africans that are still often shrouded in silence today genocide perpetrated by german imperial troops against the herero a number of people in present day namibia where the cruelty of belgian colonial forces in the congo. says it's high time europe faced up to its past i think there needs to be a level of honesty and i think it does start with teaching colonialism in schools when i'm criticizing europe

okay the next question wants to know the extent to which white and black man or white and black women supported the investment in st. louis. >> it's hard to tell but definitely magdalena walker was really skilled in building the coalitions. there was something that she knew she needed help with from the community to accomplish her vision and her goals and so in terms of the investment, there probably were some who did have a small account in the bank or may have had a couple stock in the bank to show that they were progressive and supportive of these kind of efforts. not just st. luke's but many of these organizations, insurance companies and black banks tried to make a point that these were largely black controlled efforts and uplifting the community and they made the appeal to race pride. some of them talked about and stressed that they were able to accomplish the things that they were able to accomplish without white assistance or use of their services. it's a complex question. on the one hand you have as a show of support participating minimally in actual investment in these organ

over the weekend tearing down black lives matter banners and signs from 2 historically black churches in downtown d.c. they defaced property and lit fires d.c. police are investigating the crimes as hate crimes. take a look at some of the footage we gathered on the ground. there you want. it was. that. according to the black lives matter organization the white nationalist groups targeted ashbury united methodist church the oldest african-american church to remain at its original site this church was founded in 836 they also attacked metropolitan. a series of videos of the attacks were posted by the proud boys on twitter pastor say this is reminiscent of cross burnings. you know that's of so interesting about that story of the wall a lot of it was so they heard about you know that there was these protests and they got violent you know the transporters go violent over the weekend in washington d.c. it felt like i was till you came in and told me this morning i never even knew that black churches were targeted during these protests why why is that why is it so hard for the media to cover

and the systematic oppression of black peoplem condemn racist and the systematic oppression of blacke. is only so oppression of black people. is only so much you can take. it's been going on for hundreds of years and people are tired, are ready for change. a friend asked why i wanted to go to the post test because it is not in england and it is that white privilege that people don't normally notice. people are saying, i have to look out for myself from now reason other than being black. it means power, pride and faith. and my cry for freedom. germany. new zealand. japan. caech republic. america. and the uk. 2020 produced some of the most striking antiracism images seen for decades. using momentum generated by the anger surrounding the death of george floyd, athletes from a multitude of sports took the opportunity to deliver a clear message — it was time for change. it's the most momentum around this decade old issue that i've ever seen in my lifetime. this murder of george floyd has highlighted an issue that has been with us in this country and something we have been dealing with as

with black self-care. in black community. as things we must overcome barriers both internal and external. the claim. it's a surge of power and accomplishment. with the black calls for justice. i guess what i'm intending to emphasize is with the claims. they are not obstacles to the work that she does. they make it possible there is a quote from the essay that opened. that i just wanted to share. notes from a trip to russia a comes into my had because during this struggle for her life she is traveling, she is teaching others how they might better situate themselves to accept in support black women and she is making a kind of a sense at of of other people's experience that might be useful to the conditions of black reality in america. this is just a little quote from notes on a trip to russia. and that trip was about looking for every kernel of insight impossibility and every tool that she might be able to apply for the human struggle that she is interested in and invested in. i came away with revolutionary women in my head but