paul lutheran church pastor, peter boe. boe comes to latke party every year...not only for the latkes and matzah ball soup... "the beth shalom congregation is part of a family i have come to know, part of a larger, extended family and they accept me in the similar spirit," said holocaust surivivor and st. paul lutherara church pastor, peter boe. boe was evacuated from latvia to germany when he was just 5-years-old and to america when he was 11...they think, since his records were destroyed in the war. "i guess right now i'm supposed to be about age 78, but it is unknown," said holocaust surivivor and st. paul lutheran church pastor, peter boe. foster homes-- eventually adoptetealong with his brother. and a ahough he began with almost no identity-- along with his brother, they now have 40 grandchildre n. after his long journey, boe says it's celebrations like the annual latke party that remind him how important community really is. tommie clark...ktiv news 4. >> pastor boe now speaks at holocaust remembrance events. he also

paul lutheran church pastor, peter boe. boe comes to latke party every year...not only fothe latkes and matzah ball soup... "the beth shalom congregation is part of a family i have come to know, part of a larger, extended family and they accept me in the similar spirit," said holocaust surivivor and st. paul lutheran church pastor, peter boe. boe was evacuated from latvia to germany when he wasasust 5-years-old and to america when he was 11...they think, since his records were destroyed in the war. "i guess right now i'm supposed to be about age 78, but it is unknown," said holocaust surivivor and st. paul lutheran church pastor, peter boe. he was taken care of and put in foster homes-- eventually adopted along with his brothehe and although he e gan with almost no identity-- along with his brother, they now have 40 grandchildre n. after his long journey, boe says it's celebrations like the annual latke party that remind him how important community really is. tommie clark...ktiv news 4. >> boe now speaks at holocaust rememb

paul lutheran church pastor, peter boe. boe comes to latke party every year...not only for the latkes and matzah ball soup... "the beth shalom congregation is part of a family i have come to know, part of a larger, extended family and they accept me in the similar spirit," saiaiholocaust surivivor and st. paul lutheran church pastor, peter boe. boe was evacuated from latvivito germany when he was just 5-years-old and to america when he was 11...they think, since his records were destroyed in the war. "i guess right now i'm supposed to be about age 78, but it is unknown," said holocaust surivivor and st. paul lutheran church pastor, peter boe. he was taken care of and put in foster homes-- eventually adopted along with his brother. and although he began with almost no identity-- along with his brother, they now have 40 grandchildre n. after his long journey, boe says it's celebrations like the annual latke party that remind him how important community really is. tommie clark...ktiv boe now speaks at holocaust remembrance eve

the boe only hiking rates in the third quarter of next year. wait for the reports in february to see if the statement has changed. from the boe's point of view, inflation is playing an important role. assume that we may have low rates in the u.k. jonathan: these forecasts, not too many people are good at it. we look at these forecasts, however have -- however they banked into the eurozone. are we going to see any tweaks for the bank of england? -- dan coke the bank of england -- dan: the bank of england is looking over the horizon. it is slightly less. that is because of the tax credit change. with that, the change affects people on low income. he gives them or income in their pockets. most people tend to go out and spend that money. the bank of england could assume there is a slightly bigger boost not introducing the tax credits -- the tax credit cuts. really, the broad picture is still a huge amount of physical consolidation. -- amount of fiscal consolidation. remainh of rates will gradual. it is one of the headwinds. jonathan: we are going t

so, you have players like boeing in western washington. they just completed a big sale with china. this has been ongoing for the last four years. that becomes a big thing. in the 1980's, you have nintendo of america. the headquarters were in redmond, washington. you have the rise of silicon forest. in the suburbs of portland. intel has a big base out there. nike becomes a big global player. these are much more, kind of -- more modern industries that we think of as opposed to the farming, more agricultural industries which were dominant in the early -- earlier, before the 1950's. susan: i hope that we could look at a few politicians who might be familiar to c-span viewers because they have long careers in washington, tom foley, a democrat from washington, and mark hatfield, a republican from oregon. let's start with mark hatfield. maybe in talking about him, you can explain how they worked -- how they worked to pass laws or grow and diversify the economy? christopher: i think what we are talking about mark hatfield, a good place to start with him is when he becomes governor before h

it is unre at the time of this taping whether boeing will otest.will see if it remains on cost and oschedule. thank you for joining us. i am vago muradian. comments about this show or suggestions for future coverage, e-mail me at vago@defensews.com. you will see usext week at t the same te and untithen, have great week ♪ [music] >> dr. charles stanley: obedience is god's absolute bottom line. and most people are not willing to commit themselves to that. whatever god says s is what i'm going to do. it will bring you joy. it will bring you pleasure. it will bring you emies. but you and i muste obedient to god to live out the life e tt he's called us to live out. >> [male announcer]: today on n touch," "obeying god." [music] ♪ stormlouds are coming ♪ and you're still humming. ♪ yesterday's victo tune. ♪ you've got it all together ♪ but you haven't seen the ♪ weather.

elliott: the senior vice president at boeing, thank you so much.enty more to come from me at the dubai air show, but for now, back to you in london. manus: you get all the lovely winter cakes, and that -- winder gigs, and i get sent to a bridge in zurich. well done. dubai air show, a great spectacle. up next, lufthansa strikes again. we bring you the latest updates on the walkout at thei europe's second-largest carrier. ♪ manus: welcome back. this is "on the move." i'm manus cranny. a busy morning so far, kicking off a fairly busy week. here are some of the data we will be keeping our eyes focused on. trade data in china, and chinese cpi data comes out onto the, followed by industrial production on wednesday. that whole china story begins to build momentum. later in the week, mario draghi's big issue. the fed may be going one direction but what does it say for draghi? out.one data due friday, we get another update on the u.s. economy, this time about the retail side. 70% of the united states of america is driven. it is almost, almost as big as the

i want to ask you about boeing. i dumped out of boeing a couple of weeks ago when the ceo of delta said there will be a glut of wide body aircraft and now i hear today that boeing lost the bid for america's next generation of bombers to replace the b-52. so is now the time to get in or get out? >> it's interesting you say that. my charitable trust says we bought lockheed martin. why? because jane wells had a good piece saying lockheed martin and boeing are going to challenge northrop grumman. most challenges fail but i think the stocks have come down because they didn't win the contract. don't forget boeing you have to buy the planes in dollars so it doesn't have that weak dollar thing. it doesn't have the conundrum bothering so many stocks. jerry in new york. jerry? >> caller: hi, jim, jerry in new york. i'm calling for whitestone, queens and i have an investment in a company that specializes in wireless communication and it's up about 15% todayaynd the ceo has said that he has twowo inventions thahahe will reveal

at boeing, one thing never changes. our passion to make it real. ♪ his day of coaching begins with knee pain, when... our pasthis is brad.it real. hey brad, wanna trade the all day relief of two aleve for six tylenol? what's the catch? there's no catch. you want me to give up my two aleve for six tylenol? no. for my knee pain, nothing beats my aleve. hey! how are you?g? where are we watching the game? you'll see. i think my boys have a shot this year. yeah, especially with this new offense we're running... i mean, our running back is a beast. once he hits the hole and breaks through the secondary, oh he's gone. and our linebackers and dbs dish out punishment, and never quit. ♪

as long as the fed waits, there is a good chance the boe will go after.e good arguments that the boe should go before the said -- said. -- fed. there is much less evidence there is a lot of labor slack in the u.k. based on participation rates and so forth. it is funny that you have not only the market pricing and the boe will go after the fed, but far after. you wonder once the fed goes come up with a try to jump on that and start going for the sooner hike. betty: tomorrow we will be talking about the jobs report. joe: the thing is, everything they are saying in terms of the main officials and what the market is expecting is december is not just a live meeting, a likely meaning. -- meeting. fordata needs to be bad december to be -- betty: do they get really needs to be really bad? what if it is neutral? joe: i think of it is neutral there is a good chance we will get the hike in this ever -- in december. 100s -- if we low get further negative revisions to the august and september numbers, that would be the kind of thing that would make it less. if it is s

this is a dangerous level for the boe.he boe under pressure to follow the central banker of the world? is mark carney need to get out front of chair yellen? ey: he would say that he is independent, but i do not think he wants to get out front. we were expecting the bank of england to push back against the excessive dovishness tilt into the market. too strong of an exchange rate will throw everything into the open. i have to be very careful on how they talk about the currency. tom: jon ferro, what were you listen for from carney? a presso it in conference, a letter to the queen? what is it? jon: it is a press conference. what is critical yet difficult, verging on impossible, how does the bank of england navigate euro sterling and a two-month low and bring in the markets to get rid of the excessive dovishness? is that impossible? geoffrey: the swedes acknowledged everything was going well, but they would need to match the ecb one-for-one. they can say things are improving in the u.k., but if euro sterling breaks through in a

. >>> bank of england governor is due to speak at the boe forum any minute now. his speech is focused on financial market regulation. the person who was just leaving the stage right now was the lord mayor of london and mark carney is just taking to the stage. let's listen in as soon as he starts speaking. keep in mind -- there we go. let's listen in. >> welcome to the open forum. i'd like to begin by thanking you lord mayor for your extraordinary service over the past year. almost the past year and the extraordinary service to come over the next 48 hours and to thank you for your gracious hospitality today here in a building that started life in 1411 as a little cottage and which has become the place to bring people together whether it's businesses, traders, market makers, world leaders and citizens, this has been the place that brought together people to solve problems. today we're drawing inspiration from this great tradition by gathering representatives from across civil society to discuss how to build the real markets of tomorrow. now the bank of england is h

most of the world relies just on boeing and airbus. they've never made one surprises me. >> now they have one, c919. japan is coming out with their own homemade plane finally after decades of delay. so i think people recognize the need for more aircraft. boeing has said that china's expected to add 6300 new aircraft to its commercial fleet for 2034. 6300 planes demanded for the next 20 years. >> michael o'leary is talking about how the industry tends to invest too heavily when there's slight demand for it. and it will lead to over capacity. anyway, very interesting development. i'm just surprised how far behind they are in general. >> c919 set to roll out. >>> in asia we should point out we had the first meeting of leaders of china, japan, south korea in three years since their summit in 2012. given tensions in overseas, prime minister shinzo abe and his counterpart avoided the most touchy issues. they are trying to improve cultural ties between the three nations. the leaders say it will resume on an annual basis. >> why premiere li in

boeing dreamliner. i know a lot of people like to call out names of big companies. but i didn't go on an airbus. the fact that i was on a boeing dreamliner means parts in my components are made in my district which means that there are people who have a job because ethiopian airlines bought a boeing. let's kill this amendment. save the bank. i yield back. the chair: the gentleman's time has expired. the gentlewoman reserves. the gentleman from south carolina is recognized. mr. mulvaney: how much time do i have left? the chair: the gentleman has two minutes. mr. mulvaney: i'll reserve to close. the chair: the gentleman reserves. the gentlewoman is recognized. ms. waters: i yield to myself the balance of the time, mr. chair. the chair: the gentlewoman is recognized for 1 1/2 minutes. ms. waters: i have listened carefully to the arguments being made on the opposite side of the aisle. and i listened carefully to mr. duffy. evidently he does not know or does not understand that those big corporations that he

boeing is a buy. i know boeing has been tough slogging of late but the aerospace thesis has not slowed down and the defense thesis has kicked in. dick in california. dick? >> caller: hey, jim, many months ago you thought highly of via systems. now they've just established a new bottom. what's your view? >> it's cloud based. i had to pull in on cloud based. but salesforce.com encourages me. let's go to joseph in virginia. joe they have? >> caller: jim it's a pleasure speaking with you. >> same. >> caller: i'd like to quote a line from the great movie "jerry maguire." jim, you're my ambassador of kwan. >> really? geez, not bad, huh? i'm going to tell the wife that. she doesn't think i'm kwan-like at all. go ahead. >> my question is, i'm interesting in buying tesla motors. >> that's a cold stock. if you like the car and you believe in eli musk you buy it. otherwise i can't find a metric that makes me want to mem that stock on a business basis but people love the car and musk. how about ken in louisiana?

airbus has failed to announce a single new water with boeing -- new order with boeing.s been on the book for two years with the buyer undisclosed. we report from the emirates. reporter: gulf carriers like emirates and qatar airways had new plane orders. things are still digesting two years later. it has been for 75 of boeing's. they actually disclosed jet airways india. the main focus of conversation has been on airport security in the wake of the sinai plane crash. the emirates president says even though all airport security capabilities are operated equally, he has no intention of canceling any. >> i think we are satisfied that the airport we operate meets the standards and procedures that we set ourselves internally for those airports. as a result of what happened, we will have to go back and ensure we were as wise as we thought we were when we made the original assessments. they are ongoing. as we go through the review, what happens if it was true the alleged device took down the aircraft, we would have to think how that could be prevented from happening at airports

at boeing, one thing never changes.sion to make it real. ♪ advisor and team who understand where you come from. we didn't really have anything, you know. but, we made do. vo: know you can craft an investment plan as strong as your values. al, how you doing. hey, mr. hamilton. vo: know that together you can establish a meaningful legacy. with the guidance and support of your dedicated pnc wealth management team. hello, ken jennings. i haven't seen you since that tv quiz show. hello, watson. you can see now? i can recognize people, analyze images and watch movies. well i wrote a few books, did a speaking tour, i... i've been helping people plan for retirement. and i help doctors identify cancer treatments. is that all? i recently learned japanese... yeah, i was being sarcastic. i haven't learned sarcasm yet. i can help with that. >>> coming up at the top of the hour on "power lunch" it's been a wild ride for stocks this year, so where are mom and pop investors putting their money to work? the ceo of td ameritrade tells nu

. >> additional corporate funding for "washington week" is provided by boeing. additional funding is provided by newman's own foundation, donating all profits from newman's own food products to charity, and nourishing the common good, the corporation from -- corporation for popper public broadcasting, and by contributions from viewers like you. thank you. gwen: good evening. well, we looked high, we look to low, but middle ground was hard to find this week. there was as much talk about war abouts, as much fretting vulnerability as safety, and with paris, brussels, turkey, and tunisia on our minds, there was less confidence and more .oncern this is one incident where the polls do tell the story. 61% of americans think an attack in the u.s. is imminent and likely. the presidents approval rating has dropped since paris, with 40% saying they strongly disapprove of him. that's the highest that number has been in nearly a year. 11% approve of congress. the president, flanked by his national security team, made a pre-thanksgiving appeal to americans to be patient and v

the boeing 757 departed sfo around 9 a.m. headed for kilua.bout two hours into flight 1721, the plane experienced a cabin cooling issue and was forced to return. we'll be right back. ,,,,,, [door knocking] [door bell ringing] ♪ come on-a my house, my house, i'm gonna give you candy. ♪ ♪ come on-a my house, my house, i'm gonna give you... ♪ ♪ apple and plum and apricot-a too, eh! ♪ ♪ come on-a my house, my house a come on. ♪ ♪ come on-a my house, my house... ♪ ♪ i'm gonna give you everything. ♪ complete your thanksgiving table at target. get a $10 gift card when you spend $50 on groceries. see store for coupon. ♪ come on-a my house afternoon. ============b r e a k >>> that plane that was diverted landed safely. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, >> thomas: food's arrived. >> ivy: oh. >> thomas: smells so good right now. >> ivy: hey, you know, you really didn't have to do all this. i was perfectly happy just making some soup and then going to bed. >> thomas: all i did was make one call. it's no big deal at all. besides, it's silly to eat alone in this big house

you can buy a boeing here. boeing comes down. >> despite what we might see in dollar strength. >> you have to buy those planes in dollars. that's the customer's problem. this is a remarkable confluence. we all kept saying why are these industrial going up? why? no. it's because the market was right. the market was right. the industrials were right. why is healthcare down? we got this -- this is an amazing moment. tom lee, got to credit him for this. we went from banks being overly regulated, not doing well. now to being done with regulation and doing well. it's a perfect storm for healthcare and it's a blue sky for financials. >> tom lee this morning has a note pointing out that 7 of 10 sectors are above the august highs. healthcare being the primary drag. the rally in his words is not as narrow as some might say. still looking for that year-end meltdown. >> for a while, i felt like tom lee. i do have to reference him? i thought that piece was great. you have to reference the guy. that's great work by him. make

safety investigators have figured out what caused this boeing boeing 767 to catch fire. the main fuel supply line to the engine was disconnected on the dynamic airways plane and also revealed the plane had been in storage unused for two years until just a few weeks ago. >>> well, turning now to weather and what's being called the first winter storm of the season. hard to believe. it's too early for this. it's also brought steady rain and snow to drought ravaged northern california. still not officially winter yet but more than a foot and a half of snow has fallen over the sierras. drivers need chains or snow tires. >>> elsewhere, other parts of california are getting some. needed rain. downpours triggered localizing flooding which got nearly an inch of rain. the area usually gets that much for the entire month of november. >>> a band of rain and snow showers moving eastward over the rocky mountains with winter storm warnings issued from colorado to montana. some mountains in colorado will see up to two feet of snow. >>> okay, this note from overseas first lady michelle o

francine: five minutes away from that boe decision.about when the first rate hike will come. we have a deluge of things coming out of the bank of england. we have the vote. it can sway very quickly. i'm more interested in the inflation forecast and how they coreze it going up but insulation, whether that filters through wage growth and the fact that we are still able to -- compete in the u.k. tom: what is the level of dissent that governor carney faces today? francine: that the last vote it was 8-1. it is critical to see if mark carney is voting for a rate hike . it is probable at the next one a lot of the board members will go with him. tom: very good. bloomberg as we give you coverage, particular important headlines that go across. thank to brian belski of bmo capital markets. we continue bloomberg bloomberg "surveillance" aboutl mckee is ramped up the bank of england. stay with us from new york and cloudy london. bloomberg "surveillance" ♪ in moments, the bank of england will announce whether they will raise rates for the first

a boeing 757 that seats dozens of passengers. it has bedrooms, a theater system and gold plated fixtures in the bathroom and on the seatbelts. monogrammed on the headrests is the trump family crest. for donald trump, this is the only way to fly. >> they've never had anybody that owned a boeing 757 before. it's a little bit of an unusual thing. >> reporter: donald trump, unlike most of the candidates, is rich enough to bankroll his own campaign. >> i'm really rich. >> reporter: he flaunts his wealth, candidly. >> $8,737,540. >> reporter: you might think all his billions would alienate working class voters but trump says it's really a plus. >> we don't want your help. i'm the only one that's self-funding. i'm not selling myself to special interests. >> reporter: but he does use his $7 million helicopter as a political sideshow. >> does anybody want to take a ride? >> yeah! >> reporter: it made quite a splash at the iowa state fair. >> what amazes you most? >> his golf courses. his resorts, him himself. >> reporter: in a way, donald

. >> and you are showing this to boeing and the manufacturers or specific airlines?to both. some of the equipment comes standard on an aircraft and we would sell it to boeing and other technology we sell to the airlines and then they either modify the aircraft after delivery or add it as an option. >> interesting to watch the flight book go digital and the way airlines have reacted. some of them are using software like f-the-shelf hardware ipads. cory: i wonder the way we were talking about garmin do you look say are and android and they coming to lunch? >> we apply the tech nollings and we have different safety requirements but we leverage that as oppose to compete against them. >> how big is that? >> aviation business it's well over $1 billion putting the equipment in the air traffic market. cory: you focus on the most expensive planes? >> we go down to entry-level business jets. >> the technology is a revolution happening now. is this tough that exists in the planes of 10, 20 years ago, is that safe? i'm feeling less and less comfortable on airlines. i don't know

manus: super thursday at the boe. francine: policy impact in china. bubbles are back in town. -- the bulls are back in town. manus: facebook video ad sales drive the share price to a new record. francine: welcome to "the pulse" live from bloomberg's european headquarters in london. i'm francine lacqua. manus: and i'm manus cranny. janet yellen has indicated that 2015 could be the liftoff. we were about to talk about the fed. francine: we have the decision of the norwegian central bank. it has kept its rate unchanged. -- talking with the central bank governors later on. manus: 2015, is it liftoff, is it not? the federal reserve chair has said that the december rate hike is a possibility. ms. yellen: what the committee has been expecting is that the economy will continue to grow at a pace that is sufficient to generate further improvements in the labor market and return inflation toward our 2% target over the medium-term. informationncoming supports that expectation, then our statement indicates that december would be a live possibility. importantly, it

. >> additional corporate funding for "washington week" is provided by boeing. additional funding is provided by newman's own foundation, donating all profits from newman's own food products to charity. and nourishing the common good. the corporation for public broadcasting and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. once again, live from washington, moderator gwen ifill. gwen: good evening. since last we gathered around this table, the worlds of politics and of security have shifted dramatically. tonight, we'll examine how the paris attacks have altered the debates on capitol hill, on the campaign trail, and on the front lines of domestic security. from france to belgium, from mali to times square. attorney general loretta lynch. >> our highest priority is and will remain the security of our homeland and the safety of all americans. we're acting aggressively to diffuse threats as they emerge and we're vigorously investigating and prosecuting those who seek to harm the american people. gwen: pete, you were there when she made those

gave us a new a new mandate, and we are standing here in the united states freedom pavilion, the boeing center, which we opened just four years ago as part of our expansion of our six acre campus here in new orleans. this museum is one of the great museums in the world now. trip advisor rankings has us ranked as the third most popular museum in america this posterior -- this past year. the other two ahead of us are art museums. but this museum's mission is to nature of the epic world war ii and what was at stake for our country for our freedom and our democracy. it took everything we had. it was a fight to the finish for civilization itself. it took all of our material resources, human resources, economic resources, and spiritual resources to win the fight against tyranny, against fascism, against racism. and we didn't want the war. we were isolationists. we were not prepared for the war. but we got admit, and after three years, we wanted -- won it. with the help of our allies. this was a tough slog, and one of the great moments in american history. and we've got the responsibility to t

it basically means we have another competitor to come into the market that has been dominated by boeings. china has been very focused on growing its aviation industry, because they are expecting this to help them to move into the industrializeded countries by 2020. a lot is at stake for them with the development of the aviation industry. rishaad: the thing is at the end of the day, we have a playmaker that has sold only to domestic clients. the next challenge will be getting overseas customers, right? reporter: yes, so far more than 500 commitments they have actually gotten, the majority have been from chinese companies. the next step is houston they can gain the -- how soon they can gain the confidence of foreign companies to move into and by the planes. be kind to houston the maintenance can happen. yvonne: you talk about the plane being in the initial stages, but what challenges do we see for them when they face big names like airbus and boeing? reporter: you have to also this plane has been in the works for many years. there have been a lot of delays major fights, and because of the

what do you see as pressures on the boe?think it is possible for the boe to go before the fed? andles: certainly the rate the u.k. is pretty reasonable, has been for some time now, growing at around about the , 4.7%.historic average that is a quarterly rate. not an annual rate. unemployment has been falling steadily. the naturaldabout rate of unemployment. the thing about the monetary thing committee -- the the monetary policy committee has been hoping for, and i was a member of that committee, we have been expecting productivity to pick up. which means the economy would grow more before you started putting capacity constraints. there are signs that productivity growth has picked up. a growth has picked up. a the moment there is not sign that wage growth is significantly outstripping productivity growth. so, there is no real concern about current underlying domestic inflation. the real issue for the committee is how those pressures are going to develop further down the road . and of course monetary policy acts with a signifi

by that i mean before the fed. >> historically it was the case that the boe was move ago head of the fed. the fed will move in december followed by bank of england in the second year. obviously for many investors, similar to what other people are writing, indeed, the improving data, not only manufacturing pmi, industrial production and retail sales pointing at more resilience in the domestic economy. all of that was for them to call for a growing bias toward higher rates before long. that may be too early. they're conscious of the fact that should they signal a willingness to hike rates before long especially given the negative inflation. that could trigger unwarranted appreciation so i think that a little saying, people buying the pound at current levels may be risking a dovish response. >> we have janet yellen on capitol hill once again at the house banking committee and then also of course the print. >> stronger market impact and also a few other fed speakers. our call is for december. it's the case that market position has corrected quite a lot of discussion with clients in recen

newest member of the boe said he is comfortable with keeping rate low. are you in the dovish camp? view is it -- is the hawk is in dovish clothing. 2000 15 started with expectations of global pharmaceutical companies. the ecb launches qe. now ending with bank of england managing to recalibrate the market perception pulling away from the dollar and appreciation from the pound. this could prolong longer toward comfortableaving interest rates longer. even though we have inflation close to 10%. consumer retail edit growth 10%. meets emergency level close to 10%. the market are responding to it. good to see you. do come back. will have live coverage of the ecb rate decision and news conference thursday a. there is a new category of aentral banker, a dove, in hawkd a dove clothing. betty: love that. much more ahead. momentum to reach this on climate change. we will go to paris for the latest on the un's climate summit. ♪ >> welcome back to the bloomberg markets. live from london, this is the european close. more than 140 world leaders are gathering in paris or an unprecedented conference