so the siege of civil war -- seeds of civil war addiction to coffee begins in the 1700s. jake: i wasn't able to find a specific number for how many pounds american consumers consume per year. that's what i'm finding on the internet, we know the most reliable source of information that exists. kyle: that's a simple google search. that's all you need. jake: exactly, exactly. there was another -- i think i lost the comment now. another comment. oh, good old emily hebner commenting, bringing one of the highlights that the concept of coffee as a drug may have existed at the time and that quakers told people to stay away from coffee, because you are all feeling all the emotions, feeling all the feelings hyped up on coffee. i wanted to go back to paul to answer the question about the march. sorry we don't have a specific answer for you. sorry i like both decaf and spam. i'm realizing doing these live streams more and more people are going to hate me everyday. kyle: anybody commented on sweet potato versus acorn? jake: there was a whole thread going on about this. drew says i nee

make them part of the civil rights movement.or a time, elijah mohammed allows this to happen because malcolm joins the group from prison. the group only has 500 or 600 hard-core members. due to malcolm's organizing skills, the group is going to have 35, 40, 50,000 members by the time he exits. he transforms that group that is a wealthy group making millions of dollars through publishing the nation of islam's newspaper but also the creation of different small businesses and also through real estate purchases they do over time. when we think about that relationship, the more political malcolm becomes, the more attention there is between elijah mohammed and malcolm x. and also, malcolm becomes the face of the nation of islam. part of this is due to his talent and elijah mounted saying you will be our national representative starting in 19 for d7 -- in 1957. the press he gets proved to be too much for elijah mohammed and the nation of islam. malcolm becomes the first black radical global celebrity who is a black nationalist and a pa

civil serva nts has actually said that.to advise and guide ministers as we know not to make those decisions but the feeling within mrjohnson's in a circle over the past couple of weeks and months is that if they do want to see this big reform, a hard rain will fall on parts of whitehall, that they clearly felt that sir mark was an impediment to that, he is a lifelong civil servant who served in the home 0ffice civil servant who served in the home office in many different roles throughout the civil service in his time there, and the big question is who will replace him now on the national security site? we know that will be david frost who is currently boris johnson's brexit adviser. will be david frost who is currently borisjohnson's brexit adviser. he will move into being the prime minister's advise on all things security and the process will begin for recruiting a new cabinet secretary which will probably happen sometime later in the year. that will be due process, they will launch a competition for that position, but do

commission on civil rights hosted a discussion titled stonewall at 50, the movement for lgbt civil rights. this is an hour. >> we'll now turn to our next iteration of the commission speaker series. this is titled stonewall at 50, the movement for lgbt civil rights. i thank the commissioner for suggesting this month's speaker topic. june, as we know, has come to be known as pride month, and the reason for that stretches back now 50 years. on june 28th, 1969, street demonstrations for lesbian and gay civil rights began at the stonewall inn, in greenwich village, in new york city. many view these demonstrations as a critical moment in the movement for lgbt civil rights. in june 2016, in recognition of that history, president barack obama proclaimed a site near the former stonewall inn a national monument. today, we'll hear more about the momentous events at stonewall and how they served as a catalyst for the lgbt civil rights movement. as evidenced by the statement the commission majority passed earlier today in support of the equality act, and the various reports and statements that the com

the urban rebellion, hundreds of civil the suburban -- hundreds of civil disturbances.g says these are not just riots that are the language of the unheard. he says the united states has to get to the root of the oppression. what we see with king, he starts talking about using nonviolence as early as 1965 after the los angeles rebellion to paralyze cities, to leverage nonviolent civil disobedience to transform american democracy. malcolm x had called for the same thing at the march on washington, which malcolm criticizes because he wanted a display of civil disobedience that was going to be muscular enough to end the racial status quo in the united states of america. we think about king between 1965 and 1968, he is the biggest critic of white supremacy after malcolm x's assassination. that's what is so extraordinary. king is talking about white racism running wild in the halls of congress. king speaks to audiences by 1967 and says the biggest impediment to racial justice in the end states is white -- the united states is white racism shared yet whites are in a kind of pe

commission on civil rights hosted a discussion titled, stonewall at 50, the movement for lgbt civil rights. this is one hour. >> we will now turn to our next speaker series. this one is titled stonewall at 50 the movement for lgbt civil rights. we thank you for suggesting this month speaker topic. june has come to be known as pride month. the reason goes back 50 years. june 28th 1969, street demonstrations for lesbian and gay civil rights began at the stonewall inn in greenwich village in new york city. many of you these demonstrations as a critical more movement in the lgbt civil rights. june 2016, and recognition of that history, president rock obama proclaimed a site near the former stonewall and a national monument. today, we will hear more about the momentous events. at stonewall and how they served as a catalyst for the lgbt civil rights movement. as evidenced by the statement, the commission majority passed earlier today in support of the equality act, and various reports and statements, that the commission has issued in recent years. discrimination on the basis of sexual orientatio

the civil commission complied by initiating an intense campaign. with lists of government employees and checking fingerprints of job applicants against the fbi's fingerprint files. after dwight eisenhower became president, he signed executive order 10450 in april 1953, which added sexual perversion as a ground for government investigation and dismissal. the government shared police and military records with private employers, resulting in the dismissal of hundreds. while mccarthyism encouraged the toughening of laws towards homosexuals because they were believed to be security risks, americans' puritan tradition was producing a furor over child molestation. homosexuals were believed to be the main culprits. as the right wing demonization proceeded at pace, the negative qualities attributed to homosexuals overlapped until it became an assumption that any man or woman who was homosexual was so beyond the pale that she or he must also partake in the most forbidden ideological fruit of all, communism. as homosexuals became handy scapegoats for both of

we will continue to discuss the civil war. thankfully for dr. kinard, we get to look at the aspect of weaponry and its impact on the war. without without further ado, i will hand the class over to doctor kinard. . >> the theme for today's lecture is going to be about technology of warfare. a lot of our classes we deal with the politics of warfare and the historical record of warfare. but a lot of it comes down to the individual who is in the field and the weapons they were issued because that is what you need for warfare. but one thing i found fascinating in research was looking at the early 19th century, in other words from say the year 1800 up until the american civil war. from 1860, 61 to 65. this was also period in the united states of intense invention. americans were incredibly creative at this time. we were really a world leader in inventing just about everything. everything from steam ships, to steam powered factories, to the telegraph, just layer after layer of inventions and creativity. a kind of strange unfortunate way, we see a lot o

mitch mcconnell for the leadership conference of civil rights. who do you believe. i will tell you who we believe. the bill as has been outlined by my colleagues is fundamentally and irreparably flawed. here's the problem, it will never get fixed in the senate, nor -- there is no pathway of amending the bill in a significant way they get 60 votes on the amendment. it is a cul-de-sac, cynically designed by leader mcconnell so he can say he could do something but do nothing. there is no way that we emerge with a bill if this is the base bill, plain and simple. and no one has outlined the process by which that would happen. take the ten or 12 issues, ten or 12 issues that are not in this bill in a significant way. i don't know if any would pass on amendment. the way to pass bills in the senate, major bills, let me just say, when mcconnell scheduled a vote this week, he led the senate into a cul-de-sac, a dead end, a bridge to nowhere and he knew it, there is no way a bill emerges from this process. all 100 senators know how the senate works when leader mcconnell wants

the american civil war. that you see this throughout history, a repetition that it takes military leadership very often, if you look through the past, to catch up to military thinking and strategy. it tends to stay in the past war. and technology goes ahead and then military thinking has to catch up with technology. and what we see is that when we enter the american civil war, that most military thinking was still along the lines of the american revolution. in other words warfare that had happened decades earlier or even napoleon just a few years earlier. so that was their hero. a lot of the american generals, their hero was napoleon bonaparte and a strategist. but the problem is they had new weapons where they were planning based on old weapons. so that is one thing i'm going to go through is the advances in various weaponry that we see, because in the american civil war and how that will affect how casualties happen. first of all, i brought in the basic weapon of an american revolutionary war soldier. this

merely intrastate thing is that you're if you're trying a government in the essence of a civil service is on the one hand they're professionals and on the other hand they have to they have to search through a president yes but that has to be limited by their in dependence from politics and their own ethical standards so that if you actually look at the history of civil services they're all about this balance between professionalism service and ethics and what we really see that's what i was writing about new able to sponsors and since then is the gradual squeezing out of the ethical element that turns towards the idea that search is 80 morality you just do what you're told you know which is completely different immorality is not independence it is not loyalty it is not sort of abraham and he is evil. so that you know it you can make comparisons with social services that were very clear and grow my actions you know in the in the ninety's same analyst century pretending 20 century middle of the 20th century where they basically said no or they resigned on mass or they were very clear the

is this a civil rights movement? who's leading this movement and exactly what is desired out of the civil rights movement. that's a lot so i want to throw it to you shelby. >> will that's a good question, one of the questions since beginning of all this has been what do they want. what is the point of all this? i remember when i was growing up in the civil rights movement and so forth, everybody knew exactly what we wanted, often legislation in the civil rights bill or something else that was specific and concrete, this insurrection seems just sort of unclear and unmotivated by anything that it says itself, and so what is it really about? it seems to me that's the question, and that i think that what is really happening is that it's nothing really new. the civil rights argument that triggered this, police abuse and so forth, very familiar story, you saw that in ferguson missouri and elsewhere, and it seems to me that in many ways it's about power and in order to have to pursue power as they do, you have to have victi

today on "the civil war," the national museum of civil war -- thee hosting online tattooed historianut soldiers' nutrition and hygiene. somegiene, i know that for interpreters out there and reenactors, many of us wouldn't bathe all weekend and after three days we smelled pretty bad out there. so you can imagine going weeks at a time without getting a bath . joseph woodward was a surgeon in the u.s. army and said "personal cleanliness is often nonexistent. the men are unwashed, their clothes filthy, bodies full andment, -- full of vermin, policing the latrines, the trench is too shallow, daily covering is not there, and the dirt is neglected. large numbers of the men will not use the latrines but instead every clump of bushes and fence border, it is impossible to step outside the encampment without having both eye and nostril continually offended." that is one of the best quotes about hygiene i have ever found in the archives. it is so dramatic and makes you think of the pungent smells and what is going around you at that time. >> to learn more about how civil war soldiers tried to st

who is leading this civil rights movement and exactly what is desired out of the civil rights movement that's a lot so i want to throw it to you shelby. >> that's a good question. one of the questions that since of beginning of all of this has been what do they want? what's, what's the point of all of this. i remember when i was growing up in the civil rights movement and so forth everybody knew exactly what we wanted. often a piece of legislation civil rights bill, or something else that was specific, and concrete, this insurrection seems just sort of well, unclear. unmotivated by negative that it says itself, and so what is it really about? it seemses to me that's the question and that i -- i think that what is really happening is nothing really new. they -- the civil rights argument that triggered this. that there was police abuse, and was very familiar story, saw that in ferguson, missouri, and elsewhere. and it seem to me that in many ways it's about power. and in order to have to pursue power is, as they do, you have to have victims. and my god, george floyd is the victim and the

commission on civil rights hosts a talk titled, "stonewall at 50: the movement for lgbt civil rights" by historian and author david carter. stonewall was a six-day gay rights uprising that began during a police raid on june 28, 1969 in new york city's greenwich village. >> we will now turn to our next iteration of the commission speaker series, this one titled "stonewall at 50: the movement for lgbt civil rights." thank you for the topic. june has come to be known as pride month. street demonstrations began at the stonewall inn in greenwich village in new york city. many view these demonstrations as a critical moment in the struggle for lgbt civil rights. in june 2016, in recognition of that history, president barack obama, declared a monument at the stonewall inn. we will hear more about how this was a catalyst for the lgbt rights movement. discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity is, unfortunately, still prevalent in this country. i just read in the news yesterday the new york police commissioner apologized for the actions of the new york police departme

about civil war soldiers nutrition and hygiene. minutes, and author discusses the world war ii alliance between winston churchill and the leaders of european nations who fled to london following the nazi occupation. , on:00 p.m. eastern lectures in history, a university of texas at austin professor teaches an online class about president ronald reagan and the end of the cold war. >> thank you all for tuning in. we are here with the tattooed historian. my great friend. a little bit in before we dive into the topic which is hygiene and nutrition. tell us a little bit about who you are, what you bring to the history table. i think you bring a unique perspective and some great ideas. >> thank you. , started out as a historian and i went on to work alongside the u.s. army corps of engineers as a historian and archivist. that, i beganinto a facebook page. i used it as a way to showcase some of the archival things. i was enjoying that process. we were going through the archives and we were trying to find out what was inside of them. this

civilization has not ended. we can certainly imagine that those changes are going to be ongoing, getting back again to what eugene said, it is quite plausible that the incarceration trend will continue. my second point about constitutional structure and how the constitutional structure protects civil liberties. that, too, has been on full display during the covid-19 crisis. crisis,he covid-19 legislatures and courts have been active, not just the executive branches, not just the president, the executive branch, the federal government and the governors acting, not at all. courts have been called upon to hear challenges to restrictions that have been imposed. it comes as no surprise, thinking about justice robert's no surprise that many judges and justices are very hesitant in the heat of a serious public health crisis, to second-guess political branches. after all, they are making decisions under grave time pressures and incredible uncertainty. we know a lot more about this virus than we did a few months ago, but

all were swept away with the tempest that was the civil war.as a war that her husband prosecuted industriously rather than romantically. it was a war that enabled her to rise out of boredom that starved his soul. it was a war she encouraged him to fight. it was also a war that risked the lives of her husband, her children and herself, and it was a war that divided her sisters and brothers, estranged her at times from her father, and elevated her former slaves to her political status. yet, there is no indication that julia ever expressed dismay at lincoln's policies towards slavery or at her husband's workman like approach to dismantling the infrastructure of her childhood in concert with his commander in chief. swr julia did not lack anger at lincoln, she felt warmly toward the man guiding the dismantling of the society she myth thol guised in her memoirs. she risked much to be with grant during the war traveling more than 10,000 miles over four years to bring him the sunshine he desperately needed. it was julia's natural tendency to spread sun

about civil war soldier nutrition and hygiene. he describes what type of food would have been in the rations, how they might have cooked it, and access items like to take and toilet paper. the national museum of civil war medicine provided his video. >> thank you all for joining in with us. we are here with the tattered historian himself, i great friend. i just want to get in a little bit before we dive into the topic we are covering today which is hygiene and nutrition civil war soldiers, can you tell us a little bit about who you are, what you bring to the history table? i think you bring a unique perspective and some great ideas. >> thank you. istarted out as a historian, earned my ba from shippensburg university of pennsylvania and i went on one side the u.s. army corps of engineers as an archivist. about a year into that i began the tattooed historian on facebook. i used it as a way to showcase some of the archival things we were finding, and i was really enjoying the process because we were doing what was called and archival

nursing as a practice before the civil war was used as a punishment. . women who were arrested for public drunkenness or prostitution were punished by working as a nurse for a week or two. during the criminal war over in europe, nursing as a practice started to become more of an occupation, especially for women, and during the 18 sixties during the civil war, many women came over to help teach others how this practice of nursing could be used to help these soldiers. so during this time, the practice of nursing was becoming more formalized. the battle of monastic took about -- took place about 20 miles from here. when we think of nurses during the civil war i, dorothy it dick's may come to mind. she was prominent in helping the medical field take off during the war. she was able to appoint 15%, or 3000 of the medical staff during the war, including nurses here in alexandria. alexandra -- nurses in alexandria were not only white women who were winnowed or older, they were women from all backgrounds, all stages of life, including african american women. how

but there is not a blob in the civil service, what it wa nts to blob in the civil service, what it wantsduce the best possible evidence to get the best possible evidence to get the best possible advice to government so they can make the best possible decisions. and at the moment we do have some problems, it's quite apparent that some things are going wrong and let's hope we can put them right. some of this resonates with me because i was a political correspondent in the early blair yea rs correspondent in the early blair years and i remember the difficult what was reported to be an ultimately left a sometimes difficult relationship between lord wilson and mr blair and some of his circle who felt they wanted to change, reform, modernise. and there was a sense that perhaps there was change that. i wonder if we are going through another cycle of that perception after a long period of stability that may be it is healthy for things to be shaken up a bit. no one can say the situation is perfect at the minute, and we are all for continuous reform, really looking at getting the best that is deve

this was incredible victory for expensive interpretations of civil rightsts laws.nd the realitity is that ai lost her jobob, her healthh insurance because we livive in a country that ties access to health i insurance to emplploym, whwhich is tragic in and of itseself. her health beganan to decline because of that. she spent the last seven y years of her life not onlyly fighting for the e basic did nettie of te refoformation it w would happeno heher was wrong, but while she s precariouslyly -- she did not he financiaial security that led directlyly to her premature deah justst weeksefore the susupreme court ruled in herer favor in ts cacase. i think that is reminder ththat discrimination leads to death. that is especially true for black k people who facace higher rates of discrimination in employment, and housing, shelter access, high rates of deadly violence from the police. we have to connectct the fact tt two o of the three individual workers haveve died before the outcome of this c case, andnd tt is directly tied to discrimination. we have e a responsibility to

liberty humans -- civil liberty cases. a lot of the issues are joined by government officials as well, of all ideological stripes. a lot the issues are being resolved without the necessity for litigation. i will illustrate that with the first specific basket of issues and that has to do with what has been called the most basic human right, to protect oneself from grave danger when one is in jail or prison, the supreme court has for many decades now recognized that the government does have an obligation under the 8th amendment and under the due process clause to protect in terms of their health and medical conditions, that is an affirmative duty. the standard is quite deferential to successfully challenge a government action as violating the duty. ey have to show a deliberate indifference to a substantial isk of serious harm. and that has been by satisfied in prisons and jails around the country, their inability to comply with the minimal social distancing and hygiene rules that have been prescribed by health experts. that

large sections of the 'd civil service by a lot of us and a large corporations and so. so that once they get control of tax policy and then of standards will stand environmental standards you can just go through all those areas then what remains of the civil services which want to stand up to that is in a minority position so you can see there's a tiger who are going out in the us that was are a real time of war but the power there's no question that power lies in the areas where the lawyers and the corruption has had its biggest set and that's what makes it so tragic because there are a lot of good people in there who would act differently if they had the power and those who question that well that really up until ronald reagan it is these are just cut off and start differently but they go in slopes right but up until ronald reagan you could see a really interesting american civil service and then it goes into slow decline so even under republican presidents like i said howard you could criticize but the fact is you know he basically will walk with what i would call an

in the american civil war you see that is why we were wearing blue clothes in the american civil war. federal united states troops wearing blue. the hats they wore. we copied everything french. it's like french for cap. so, this is the, why people fought like that. you have to have those colors so you can see each other, you have to be close together to hit what you are going to shoot. then we have a breakthrough in technology as we go from the 20's into the 1930's and the 1840's. one part of this breakthrough is the use of the rifled musket or rifling. y'all will be able to see this in a minute. the idea somebody figured out that if you take this barrel and cut grooves in the barrel and make them twist, in other words, the grooves twist as they go down the barrel, you will take that bullet and instead of having it rattled on down the barrel, if you make the bullet a little bit smaller than the bore, the inside of the barrel, that it will fit tightly into those grooves. you've got this soft lead bullet. and now, i'll just pass these around. here is a round ball. there's a bullet, the

does it make a difference in how we assess these civil liberties burdens? the government is sometimes inconsistent. it's pretty clear these are being done for general public purposes, but government officials make it sound like you , better do this or you are going to get sick. that makes it much more paternalistic. so do i have the stronger case for challenging the effectiveness of these rules, based upon one purpose or another upon one purpose or >> what do you think about it, chris? >> i have not seen a case. there's an enormous amount of debate about the effectiveness of the lockdown orders, and the effectiveness of many things being felt right now. i have not seen a legal challenge based on the fact that this had no rational basis for the protection of public health. maybe there are some of these cases where you close a beach or a public park and it doesn't , seem to be related to anything at all. but i have not seen a strong civil liberties attack on any of these things, on the ground of ineffectiveness. am i wrong? >> [indiscernible] one is, is there

in 1891, chile had undergone a civil war. there were two main factions -- the president and his supporters versus members of congress. the members of congress were the congressional section and were seeking to overthrow an individual they believed was a dictator. in order to arm an equip their insurrection and attempted overthrow, successful overthrow the president, they even purchased guns on the open market in the u.s. they sailed a ship to san francisco and bought a cache of arms, back when you could buy guns in san francisco. at this particular moment when congressionalists were trying to overthrow this dictator, the united states government elated lee -- belatedly and spasmodically reacted and was afraid that american neutrality would be compromised if chilean civil war belligerents acquired guns from the united states. u.s. navy warship was tasked to intercept this ship laden with guns bound for chile. it failed, it once it arrived in chilean waters, the congressionalists, once they were informed the u.s. government had

some didn't even give them the basic civil rights. illinois, lincoln made against the law for a black person to even enter the state. free black people could not legally the state of illinois, so there civil rights were restrictive. but now one of the key stories is how this concept of different rights get merged into a new idea of rights of americans, all people are to enjoy. that is part of the impulse that leads to the rewriting of the constitution. >> could you go through each of these three amendments? talk a little about them, how they were intended to be at the time of the report in the constitution and also how they've been reinterpreted and used through american history through the present day. >> that's a big question but that's really what my book is about. when you say what they were intended to do, that's a legitimate historical question. i'm trying to figure out what they have in mind, quickly were trying to accomplish, how did they think it would change things? but right you get into legal, let's go back to the original

. >> the lawyers committee for civil rights under law. we're one of the nation's leading national civil rights organization founded in june of 1963. for the past 56 years for help protect the -- and other vulnerable communities across the country. what are your thoughts of what happened in atlanta at the shooting at the wendy's restaurant. >> another tragedy. this is a moment you would expect law enforcement would be on their best behavior in the wake of the tragedy of the killing of george floyd and breonna taylor and with the marches and protests happens across the country, it's fair to say that law enforcement is under a microscope. you truly would expect the very best when it comes to how they're engaging with communities, with african-americans. this is most unfortunate, a most unfortunate and avoidable tragedy. what we understand is that this man was in his car, may have been asleep at the wheel. isn't clear whether we would have been to deply law enforcement. there wasn't threat of violence or any threatening activity. it truly was

lord o'donnell was cabinet secretary and head of the civil service from 2005—2011.e his reaction to the news. i think it's very sad that mark is going, he's a great public servant, came in a very difficult time when my successor was tragically and seriously ill and later died. mark brought things together, he has lived through brexit and covid—19, it's not been easy for him, and i know he will move on now to think about having a global security role which has enormous strength in the security field. that looks like a bit of a consolation prize. he has been in thisjob for less than two years, there was a perception he was very close to theresa may, she trusted him and brought him in from the home office, and perhaps the relationship between borisjohnson and others in his team and sir mark had not been as close as it needs to be. they are probably quite a difficult team to work with, to be honest. i wonder about how keen people will be to come next, but there are obvious difficulties. it would be hard at the best of times, and these are not the best of times. if it's

my guest today is the historian and veteran civil rights campaigner mary frances berry. it take to engineer genuine change? mary frances berry, welcome to hard talk. thank you forjoining me from new orleans. thank you very much for having me. where having beautiful weather here. there is a bit of a hurricane through your window. let us hurricane through your window. let us focus on the storms that have been sweeping across america in recent days. the whole world has been watching the killing of george floyd in minneapolis. you have in historians i:e.. does all of this feel different to you from previous cases of the killing and police detention of unarmed black man? now, what's different about this one, we had video before when eric garner was chokehold in new york city. and saidi was chokehold in new york city. and said i can't breathe. and that was just to remind everybody, that was six years ago. so we had video then. in earlier protest before that time on most occasions and earlier murders of unarmed black people, we didn't have video. what happened this time i think

one from new york law school, chairman of the american civil liberties union. eugene of the ucla law school, host of the eponymous website of conspiracy. julia of the university of virginia school of law, who specializes in property, public finance, and constitutional law. and finally mia love university of virginia school of law, who specializes in comparative constitutional law and international law. further information about each of them is available at the conference website. our session will run up to 90 minutes, concluding not later than 5:15 eastern in the united states. we will have individual presentations and a general panel discussion and questions from attendees. when question time arrives, i will ask those with questions to click raise hand on your screen or star nine on your phone. to set the stage, the centerpiece of u.s. response to the pandemic has been a massive suppression of everyday civil liberties going beyond anything in american history. as much can be said of most of the other free democracies, beginning in march, 43 states and the dist

rights campaigns of the 19605. the civil rights campaigns of the 1960s.ross—section of people at work right now? obviously. anyone who looks at the crowds can see the difference. lots of young white people who are involved in it, and older ones, too. people who are motivated to get out there and do something about these issues. it all started, in a sense, before the shootings occurred, with the election of trump. we have been in a state of continuous sort of revolt, ifi state of continuous sort of revolt, if i may put it that way, and resistance, since he became president. i mean, some people still can't believe that he became president. so we have a bit of a continuous state. there's been one thing after another, about trumpet. so we had revolution on the first day, when he was trying to get inaugurated, we had marches and protests a nd inaugurated, we had marches and protests and big ones, and so on. bigger than the people who came out for the inauguration. so this continuous attitude of resistance, and then you have the virus, and then you have the sta

they feel they can bring some innovation into the civil service. “ on innovation into the civil service. other challenges they will try and take on that task, and others have tried in the task and made progress of relative amounts, is that it isjust made progress of relative amounts, is that it is just a made progress of relative amounts, is that it isjust a system that needs to be running, you cannot press stop and rebuild it from the start. it has to be a process where things are still working, taxes being collected, hospitals are properly staffed. all these things we rely on. that is where the challenge comes for really genuine ambitious programmes. if cummings and michael gove think they will ta ke and michael gove think they will take it on, they are going to have to really go for it. let's move on to really go for it. let's move on to the times. the pm pledges a decade as spending, putting the finger at decade as spending, putting the fingerati.5 decade as spending, putting the finger at 1.5 billion for schools to bounce back from covid —— app times. dobroyd —— the broader point,

program herewhole on american history tv. >> next on the civil war, kelly hancock of the american civiluseum talks about the 1863 richmond bread riots. she describes the inflation and scarcity of goods that led hundreds of poor and working-class women to protest, as well as the trials and laws passed in the aftermath. the american civil war museum provided this video.

african american women during the civil war.we need to keep in mind that black women's miss experiences during the war -- the nature and extent of the impact dependent on location, legal status, and class. african american women had the most to gain and in many ways the most to lose from the civil war. those who were enslaved saw the war as an opportunity to secure statutory and practical freedom. in the case of the already free, it offered the prospect of expanding liberties that had been denied to them. as they attempted to realize these aspirations, they face daily challenges that tested their resolve but that also affirmed their commitment to progress and change. black women, whether enslaved in the south or legally free, were disadvantaged both by gender and race. they were tonight inclusion in the victorian definition of women hood. so while their blood connection to their fathers and brothers elevated the status of white women, and shielded them from some of the worst defenses against their sex, black women could expect a

protecting civil liberties and civil rights has been part of our mission since the days of the civil rights movement. those investigations are at the heart of what we do, for the simple reason that civil liberties and civil rights are at the very heart of who we are as americans. before the civil rights act of 1964, the federal government largely left protection of civil rights to state and local governments. and it took the mississippi burning case and the civil rights act for the federal government to end the fbi to get off the sidelines and to begin to fully protect civil rights for all people of color. since then, we have been working hard to identify and prevent hate crimes, and to investigate abuses of power and authority. our civil rights cases are among the most important work we do and that will never change. , i will repeat today what i have long believed about the men and women of law enforcement. it takes an incredibly special person to willingly put his or her life on the line for a complete stranger. and to get up day after day after day and do that and it is extraordin

does it make a difference and how we assess the civil liberties burdens? what the justification is, and the government sometimes inconsistent.te it's pretty clear these are being done foral general public health services, purposes, but then government officials make it sound like you better do this or you're going to get sick. so moves that much more to the paternalistic since. will i have a stronger case for challenging the effectiveness of these rules based upon one purpose or another? >> i can see that agitated a lot of -- >> what do you think about it, chris? >> i just have not seen a case, there's enormous amount of debate about the effectiveness of the lockdown orders and the effectiveness or many things being done right now. i am not seeing a legal challenge based upon the fact that this had no rational basis to the protection of public health. may be there been of these cases where you close a a beach or yu close a a public park and it doesn't seem to be related to anything at all. but i havebl not seen a strong civil liberties attack on anys f the

the most important civil rights law ever passed by congress. the 1964 civil rights act. you noted it is very surprising that neil gorsuch joined the majority. it is doubly surprising that he wrote the decision. what he said is, yeah, sure, same-sex discrimination and transgender status were clearly not on the minds of anybody in congress when they passed the civil rights act 56 years ago. he says, that doesn't matter. what matters is the cold words of the law on the page. he says discriminating against someone on the basis of sexual orientation or transgender status are both forms of sex discrimination. so that's a very surprising outcome here. i think the reason the chief justice chose justice gorsuch to write this opinion, remember, it's the senior justice who is in the majority that assigns the opinion, so that would clearly be roberts. he could have written it himself, but i think one of the reasons he gave it to gorsuch

act of 1957 created the civil rights commission and civil rights division.isenhower ordered desegregation in the d.c. schools. you have the insurrection act that was amended in 1871 to allow the use of military to enforce, among other things, civil rights and desegregation. 1871, ulysses s grant sent a thousand elders to hunt down clansmen in south carolina and captured 600 of them. 1957, eisenhower sent the 101st division to little rock to protect nine students entering little rock against the order of the governor at the time. one of bill clinton's mentors. 1962 john kennedy federalized the national guard to allow black student to enroll in mississippi oxford. 1965 lbj federalized the national guard to protect civil rights. i'm just touching the tip of the iceberg. the number of economic programs, the trillions of dollars, don't tell me this country is systemically racist. if this country were systemically racist, none of this would have taken place, none of this would be taking place. we americans are good people regardless of our race, regardless of reli

i think it is called civil disobedience.digital domain, we can just leave and i think we should do that if you disagree with the company. i do, and that's why i left. i'm not going to impose on other people but i would ask people to think hard, do they want to support a company which constantly undermines the audiological -- the ideology and idea of democracy and fairness? it is changing the rules of the game all the time. that is the biggest challenge. they are not consistent. there's a lack of ethics in that company. that's how i feel about it. emily: to your point, zuckerberg has said he doesn't want facebook to be the arbiter of truth, but facebook does post certain stories, just not political speech which some have said facebook is holding regular people to a different standard than politicians. perhaps even a higher standard for politicians. what do you think bask facebook should be doing in this situation? om: i don't disagree with the fact this is a difficult situation, whether it is facebook, twitter or any other so