and taught in the portland public school district from 2016-2017 and earned a bachelor's from columbia university and a masters from arizona state university.

columbia is one of the top eight ivy league universities in the u.s. where many leading politicians economists and public figures have graduated. columbia also helped to launch. into the refined world of academia and literary criticism. no not yet as a middle east specialist in the west or public supporter of the palestinian calls. this day a place where i'm sitting right now used to be edward's aides office his secretary used to sit in one of the rooms you know down this down this hall and the room that you see here almost everything is as it was where when he was here you know the the book of this book this glass bookcase this desk was edward said that chair was edwards and this was theirs or an office with a lot of history. saeed's endeavor might have remained purely literary and his connection with the arab world simply a family one had it not been for events in the middle east in one thousand nine hundred sixty seven. between the fifth and the tenth of june israel fault and defeated the combined on of egypt syria and jordan. the nine hundred sixty

columbia is one of the top eight ivy league universities in the u.s. where many leading politicians economists and public figures have graduated. columbia also helped to launch. into the refined world of academia and literary criticism. no not yet as a middle east specialist in the west or public supporter of the palestinian calls. this day a place where i'm sitting right now used to be edward sage office his secretary used to sit in one of the rooms you know down this down this hall and the room that you see here almost everything is as it was where when he was here you know the the book of this book this glass bookcase this desk was edward said that chair was edwards and this was their server an office with a lot of history. saeed's endeavor might have remained purely literary and his connection with the arab world simply a family one had it not been for events in the middle east in one thousand nine hundred sixty seven. between the fifth and the tenth of june israel fault and defeated the combined on of egypt syria and jordan. the nine hundred sixty

columbia university american studies professor andrew delbanco's recount of the political and moral divisions of the united states in the antebellum area. and in civil war barons, jeffrey work. look for these titles in bookstores this coming week and watch for many of the or authors in the near future on booktv on c-span2. >> host: and now joining us on booktv is vicki alger. her book, "failure: the federal miseducation of america's children," came out in 2016. ms. alger, is it any better today the than it was in 2016 when you wrote your book, in your view? >> guest: well, sadly, no. test scores haven't gone up. we have slipped in the international rankings a bit. common core has been fully entrenched, and we didn't see the improvements, and we saw some losses. so, no, things aren't getting better. but there is, on the positive side, what we are seeing is advances in the states in parental choice programs which empower parents over their children's education and restore that critical local control are. so that's silver lining here. >> host: have we seen any changes in the federal department o

astronaut and professor off mechanical engineering at columbia university mike thank you very much for the time it's good to talk to my pleasure that you always sound very positive her book about the future of space exploration but given the functions on the russian side now the delays and the american side how confident are you that the international space station will continue being inhabited for years to come. very confident i think that our russian friends and their space program have shown that they are pretty good track record they've been launching so use for early next. year they lost the rocket just this past month there was not a good thing but if they didn't lose the crew and i think that one of the good things about their system is that you're able to separate the crew from the rocket that is having an issue the russian space agency was. very quick to announce the loss of so use wrong and was due to what they said a full t. context sunset which reportedly got banned during the assembly the baikonur cosmodrome did you find that explanation plausible or you know i i really do

from columbia university, carried around her mattress for a year in protest to how the university handled her -- mishandled her accusations of sexual assault. so, we have all these scandals and we have universities scrambling finally to deal with this, and perhaps ironically, now, that betsy devos is about to undo everything that the obama administration did around title ix, universities have had to put into place the measures to deal with sexual assault, consent education. so they have put into place structures and i i've seen the change over the last seven years, and it hasn't been perfect, but it is happening, and my hope is that, theory we don't need the department of education to deal with sexual assault on campus. those structures are there right now, and so to me it would be such a scandal on top of scandal if universities scrolled back all the measures they put into place. so i'm in sort of wait and see mode to see what they do. but that's the lay of the lan right now on campus, and i want to mention a little bit about what this manifesto is about. why it's a manifesto and some is

jelani cobb is a staff writer for "the new yorker" and a journalism professor at columbia university.or being with us. we'll be right back. >> thank you. i wanted more from my copd medicine... ...that's why i've got the power of 1-2-3 medicines with trelegy. the only fda-approved 3-in-1 copd treatment. ♪ trelegy. the power of 1-2-3 ♪ trelegy 1-2-3 trelegy with trelegy and the power of 1-2-3, i'm breathing better. trelegy works 3 ways to... ...open airways,... ...keep them open... ...and reduce inflammation... ...for 24 hours of better breathing. trelegy won't replace a rescue inhaler for sudden breathing problems. trelegy is not for asthma. tell your doctor if you have a heart condition or high blood pressure before taking it. do not take trelegy more than prescribed. trelegy may increase your risk of thrush, pneumonia, and osteoporosis. call your doctor if worsened breathing, chest pain, mouth or tongue swelling,.. ...problems urinating, vision changes, or eye pain occur. think your copd medicine is doing enough? maybe you should think again. ask your doctor about once-daily trelegy

jelani cobb is a staff writer for "the new yorker" and a journalism professor at columbia university. thank you for being with us. we'll be right back. >> thank you. ♪ whoa! the mercedes-benz winter event is back, and you won't want to stop for anything else. lease the gla 250 for $359 a month at your local mercedes-benz dealer. mercedes-benz. the best or nothing. coaching means making tough choices. jim! you're in! but when you have high blood pressure and need cold medicine that works fast, the choice is simple. coricidin hbp is the #1 brand that gives powerful cold symptom relief without raising your blood pressure. coricidin hbp. amanda's mom's appointment hello mom. just got rescheduled - for today. amanda needs right at home. our customized care plans provide as much - or as little help - as her mom requires. whether it's a ride to the doctor or help around the house. oh, of course! tom, i am really sorry. i've gotta go. look, call right at home. get the right care. right at home. >>> facts, they are important. in 2014, russia decided to take a chunk of ukraine known as crimea a

columbia is one of the top eight ivy league universities in the u.s. where many leading politicians economists and public figures have graduated. columbia also helped to launch. into the refined world of academia and literary criticism though not yet as a middle east specialist in the west or public support of the palestinian. this day a place where i'm sitting right now used to be edward sage office his secretary used to sit in one of the rooms you know down this down this hall and the room that you see here almost everything is as it was where when he was here you know the the book of this book this glass bookcase this desk was edward said that chair was edwards and this was there's ever an office with a lot of history. saeed's endeavor might have remained purely literary and his connection with the arab world simply a family one had it not been for events in the middle east in one thousand nine hundred sixty seven. between the fifth and the tenth of june israel's fault and defeated the combined on of egypt syria and jordan. the nine hundred sixty sev

my colleague jane o'brien spoke to a social scientist at columbia university before they headed out fors giving. jane: talking politics at the dinner table has always be pretty contentious. why is it so bad now? >>vi we are , as your viewers, i am sure, noknow, in trrdinary times. there is politics of more contentiousness,eanness. some of that comes from politics, media, and that is and --ome of it comes from tribal politics that existed in the u.s. and in the u.k. and around the world. and that is an exhaustion, a3 kind of low tolerance for frustration right now. i think people wder when people get into conversations that have political tensions or personal animosities, i thin things are hotter. things escalate more quickly these ys. jane: you have a wonderfully named "difficult conversations lab" at columbia. what have you found? >> one of the main things we found is that the punchline is complexity. when people are able to stay in an emotional place where they feel perhaps some frustration, perhaps some anger about the issues, that they can move back and forth to feeling a little bit

i'm chair of the film division at columbia university's school of the arts and i'll be moderating a discussiond style and the contemporary american cinema. our panel has four outstanding writer-directors. to my immediate right is paul schrader. his credits as writer-director include american gigolo, cat people, mishima. as a screenwriter for other directors he's responsible for the script of obsession for brian depalma mosquito coast for peter weir and for martin scorsese, taxi driver, raging bull and the last temptation of christ. to his right is joan micklin silver whose credits include hester street between the lines chilly scenes of winter and crossing delancey. to my immediate left is james toback. his credits include the gambler and bugsy, for which he received an academy award nomination for screenplay. and in terms of directing his credits include love and money, exposed and the pick-up artist. to his left is whit stillman whose first feature, metropolitan earned the best first film award from the new york critics circle and an academy award nomination for best screenplay. and his most

columbia university american studies professor andrew delbanco's recount of the political and moral divisions of the united states in the antebellum area. and in civil war

we have columbia university as well as many entrepreneurs and venture capitalists. again your university. it's a great environment for innovation, and we have our 5g network up and live. we are not just any textbook saying what can we do, but you have people that have ideas on how to solve problems i can now say let me use that network, let me code what happened see how this actually works. one of the things they are doing and one of the great things about people talking about is virtual reality. virtual reality could be the killer app because virtual reality can be well done on 4g networks. an example that is being worked on right now with colombia and in our alley up in new york city is virtual physical therapy. one of the problems with physical therapy is that it's usually a high-tech environment and sometimes a private environment, and their many people that have need for physical therapy recovery services that don't have access to it. what if you could have a virtual reality environment where you are my therapist, i'm in the comfort of my own home, we can a few

astronaut and professor off mechanical engineering at columbia university mike thank you very much for the time it's good to talk to my pleasure that you always sound very positive her book about the future of space exploration but given the functions on the russian side. the delays in the american side how confident are you that the international space station will continue being inhabited for years to come. very confident i think that our russian friends and their space program have shown that they have a pretty good track record they've been launching so use for very low. pay they lost the rocket just this past month that was not a good thing but if they did it lose the crew and i think that one of the good things about their system is that you're able to separate the crew from the rocket that is having an issue the russian space agency was very quick to announce the loss of so use wrong it was due to what they said a full t. context which reportedly got banned during. the baikonur cosmodrome did you find that explanation plausible or you know i don't i really don't know much about

klitzman is a professor of psychiatry and director of the master's of bioethics program at columbia university he says there are lots of problems with gene editing. there are also risks particularly now when it's still considered by most people experimental so if i take a gene out of an embryo so that no cell in my body has that gene that gene in the case of what dr he did he took out a gene that enables h. i.v. to get into the body cells if you're exposed hiv but that same gene could be involved let's say in the proper functioning of the brain or the liver or the heart and so other one of the concerns with this technology is that if we take out a particular gene because we think it may be involved in a particular disease or or function might that gene have other functions that we don't yet fully understand that may lead to problems in the child now south asia's first fully digitized restaurant has opened in a pool locally made robots named ginger and now serving customers at this cafe and kaplan do a local tech company develop the robots to essentially design in china japan. the best of all t

astronaut and professor off mechanical engineering at columbia university mike thank you very much for the time it's good to talk to my pleasure that you always sound very positive her book about the future of space exploration but given the functions on the russian side now and the delays in the american side how confident are you that the international space station will continue being inhabited for years to come. very confident i think that our russian friends and their space program have shown that they have a pretty good track record they've been launching shore use for very low. pay they lost the rocket just this past month that was not a good thing but if they did it lose the crew and i think that one of the good things about their system is that you're able to separate the crew from the rocket that is having an issue the russian space agency was very quick to announce the loss of so use wrong it was. what they said a faulty context reportedly got bent during. the baikonur cosmodrome did you find that explanation plausible or you know i don't i really don't know much about that

but columbia, university of pennsylvania, and vassar had fellowships for the descendents .f confederate veterans ironically the success that the union had and talked about preserving the union led to its steady demise in the popular imagination. having fought to preserve the nation, they encouraged former wearables -- encouraged formal .earables -- former rebels as symbols go, it was increasingly difficult to separate the united states from to the united states of 1880's or 1920's. to see a flag and say that's a 36 star flagged as a post more stars being added. even as the union cause became more amorphous the veteran -- the confederate cause remained distinct. its memory, it's symbols continue to stand apart, suspended in time and inseparable from the war, captured, of course in the and movieestseller gone with the wind. it appears as though the confederacy was the civil war. centennial, the lost of theo the long side reconciliation as the predominant memory of the war, and here we have the rate -- the flag being raised. all of this is a product of the 20th century americans. >> that w

astronaut and professor of mechanical engineering at columbia university michael you often talk about russia in the united states successfully called parading in space but the corporation may come to an end next year because the current contract between us and nasa is expiring and as of now there are no talks that have been announced that please to replace or to renew the contract how do you feel about it if it all and i hope i hope it doesn't i don't know the status of the contract on or i mean there was nasa for a few years i don't know what the start of my working on that. but i would i would think that would be a pity because i think in space we've cooperated very well i think the international space station which was launched i was coming up on coming up on twenty years of the first film and launcher it was one thousand nine hundred eight and on that mission it was surrogate krikalev a russian was on board with with american astronauts and they launched the elements for a launch in russia first in the united states on the space shuttle always surrogate so that's pretty momentous

klitzman is a professor of psychiatry and director of the master's of bioethics program at columbia university he says there are lots of potential problems with genetic editing. there are also risks particularly now when it's still considered by most people experimental so if i take a gene out of an embryo so though cell in my body has that gene that gene in the case of what dr he did he took out a gene that enables you to get into the. cells that you're exposed with that same gene could be involved let's say in the proper functioning of the brain or the liver or the heart and so one of the concerns with this technology is that if we take out a particular gene because we think it may be involved in a particular disease or or function might that gene have other functions that we don't yet fully understand that may lead to problems of the child. hello again the headlines on al-jazeera the white house says it's unlikely the u.s. president will meet the saudi crown prince during the upcoming g. twenty summit in argentina because of his busy schedule this comes as the senate is there to be briefed

robert klitzman is a professor of psychiatry and director of the models of bioethics program at columbia universityhe says there are lots of problems with the gene editing there are also risks particularly now when it's still considered by most people experimental so if i take a gene out of an embryo still no cell in my body has that gene that gene in the case of what dr he did he took out a gene that enables a try to get into the bar of the cells that you're exposed hit me with that same gene could be involved let's say in the proper functioning of the brain or the liver or the heart.

fellow at things but also most importantly the dean of social science and political science at columbia university. he also serves as the director of the center on african american politics and society. it supported by the southern political science association and the best book award by the society for the studyhe of religious and the best book award by the conference of political scientists. he's also the co-author of the countervailing forces in the civic activism 1973 to 1994 which received the book award from the national conference of black political scientists and the american political science association. the most prominent book the price of the ticket with obama and thdebacle, andthe rising clk politics and beyond discrimination, racial inequality in a post-racial era both written in 2012 respectively 2012 and 2013 have received numerous awards. the price of the ticket for nonfiction. he's also a regular contributor to publications that include the ddissent society sold in the "washington post." i also know doctor harris from a previous life we both went to grad school together so he's m

he got degrees from harvard college and columbia university and he is his wife kathy work for the glasgow herald in 1998 and were foreign correspondents in moscow on a couple of different trips and a third trip to moscow with the washington post in 2014. we really appreciate him being with us tonight. he's going to be talking with our teachers tomorrow. in our gift shop, we have his book: march 1917. without any further delay, i'd like to invite to the stage will englund. >> thank you, mark and thanks to all of you for coming out tonight. it's a great pleasure to be here and a great honor as well. i want to talk tonight about the stereotypes and fantasies that americans have been projected on russia for more than a hundred years now and -- which took a dramatic turn in the spring of 1917 as americans were trying to figure out whether they wanted to go to war or not. took a turn in a way that has had a profound effect on not only our lives, but on the whole rest of the world. but to set the scene, i'd like to begin by giving you a sense of how typically we felt about russia in the decades

american university of cairo where he earned a ba in anthropology and later his phd degree from columbia university and we are proud to say that he joined the faculty at johns hopkins university where he was a professor. he then went to work at the world bank for over a decade he and in 2001 he returned home as a special adviser to the unitedd nations secretary general envoy and in that capacity he helped draft the roadmap for the democratically elected government in afghanistan and when it became a reality he was appointed as the minister finance under hamid karzai. in 2004 he stepped down from his post to become the chancellor of kabul university where he founded the institute for the state effectiveness and the state reconstruction. in 2014, he ran for and won elections and we are willing i would like to welcome him to johns hopkins university and we look forward to hearing his views. also with us is a member you that the administration who served as the minister of finance and chief advisor to the president in technology and before accepting his current position he served as the president of ca

he came over from britain to attend a conference at columbia university in new york the question on the agenda here is this the end of cash this was going to prematurely. the conference brought together a select group of financial experts from around the world none of them believed cash stands much of a chance anymore but brett believes the current trend is a mistake. the best analogy to understand this is to think about cars versus bicycles. if you're living in a world where there's only bicycles actually maybe to be a good thing to get a car you can travel further you can travel faster best different to saying you want to get rid of the ability to use bicycles actually what you want to the world where you have different forms of transport in a similar way you want to world where you have different forms of payment so sometimes in certain situations you can use cash sometimes surgical but these guys are not calling for that they saying we want to world it is only digital or in the transport analogy only cars you're only allowed to use carts. when he's travelling brett sometimes pays by

she attended harvard university, columbia university and cornell law school and has worked at citigroup. when carmen segarra took a job at the federal reserve bank of new york she believed she would be monitoring the big banks behavior in order to avoid another financial crisis. instead, she encountered a federal reserve and affecting and holding the banks accountable and began secretly recording her meetings. recordings became the basis of the american life episode. she chronicles her experience exposing the relationship between the big banks and set up to regulate them. william cohen author of money and power came to rule the world and writes a noncompliant whistleblower carmen segarra detonates a metaphorical explosive device inside the previously impenetrable faÇade of the powerful federal reserve bank of new york and in a gripping and highly personal narrative she reveals the depths of the shameful regularity, the existing between the fed and wall street banks it is meant to supervise and the high price she paid. please join me in welcoming carmen segarra. [applause] >> i'm going t

he received his ba and phd from columbia university and his jay-z from the university of -- and his jc from the university of virginia. he keeps himself nimble by teaching constitutional history at american university here in washington, d.c. prolific historian and scholar. he has written on many topics in constitutional history and has served for the past 25 years as the chairman of the board of editors of the historical society journalist of history. he has held many fellowships and grants from the national endowment for the humanities, the american council of learned societies, the virginia foundation for the humanities, and the american historical association. i want to highlight two of his work. his biography of justice brandeis published in 2009 one many accolades including the jewish book council everett award as the book of the year. and the ambassadors award given by the english-speaking union of the united states. the historical societies griswold prize. is consent tok the supreme court, its role in history as constitutional dialogue. list hisontinue to many accomplishments,

taught in the portland public school district from 2060 to 2017 and earned a bachelors from columbia university and a masters from arizona state university. the questions in this debate come from the main public news team and as you will see later in the debate from you members of the public. we're gonna start off again in alphabetical order. in the interest of fairness we will shuffle that order over the next hour. we are going to tackle some affront burner issues. question one will be about healthcare. >> you had expressed opposition to the affordable care act. what needs to be in the aca replacement to get your support? >> for so let me say again for having me here today. i am the state senator who reformed welfare. i expanded access. into your questions taxing poor people for being too poor to afford health insurance is not a realistic solution to our problem. we need to look at market-driven solutions. the problem right now is that you have the third-party middlemen seated between us and our doctors. they are standing between us in our doctors. we need to store the one-to-one dr. relations

bobbitt, the herbert wechsler professor of federal jurisprudence at columbia university school of law and the director of the columbia center for national security. he has served as an associate counsel to the president, the counselor on international law at the state department, legal counsel to the senate iran-contra committee and as senior director to the national security council. he is the author of the new material in the expanded edition of charles l. black's "impeachment: a handbook." we are also pleased to welcome back akhil reed amar, this evening. he serves as sterling professor at of law and political science at yale university. he is the author of several books on american law and the constitution and wrote the foreword to the second edition of charles black's "impeachment: a handbook." in 2017, he received the american bar foundation's outstanding scholar award and the howard r. lamar award. we are very grateful that professor amar is also member of our board of trustees. our moderator for this evening you is benno schmidt, the former president of yale university and for

we met up with a researcher at columbia university's lamont doherty university, park williams, who has authored a lot of these papers, and h evidence is fairly clear. >> so in the last 40 years or, so we've seen the amont of forest that burns any given year in the western united statehas increased by about 1,000%. that means there's about ten times more forest burning this year than the was in a year in the 1970s and 1980s. this is a huge increase. and that increase has been driven by warming. >> brangham: president trump, who we know is a real sceptdic about the science behind climate ange has blamed a different factor. he has repeatedly said th california wildfires are driven by bad forest management. how true is that? what does your reporting tell us about that >> well, bad forest management is a problem, however, that's pretty simplistic. the blame should not be pointed at california in particular, and incidentally, environmentalists, as is part ofhat whole argument. really the story goes back about century and the effort to protect timber and timber interests in thenited states. t

columbia is one of the top eight ivy league universities in the u.s. where many leading politicians economists and public figures have graduated. columbia also helped to launch. into the refined world of academia and literary criticism. no not yet as a middle east specialist in the west or public supporter of the palestinian call. this day a place where i'm sitting right now used to be edwards aides office his secretary used to sit in one of the rooms you know down this down this hall and the room that you see here almost everything is as it was where when he was here you know the the book of this book this glass bookcase this desk was edward said that chair was edwards and this was theirs or her an office with a lot of history. saeed's endeavor might have remained purely literary and his connection with the arab world simply a family one had it not been for events in the middle east in one thousand nine hundred sixty seven. between the fifth and the tenth of june israel's fault and defeated the combined on of egypt syria and jordan. the nine hundred si

columbia is one of the top eight ivy league universities in the u.s. where many leading politicians economists and public figures have graduated. columbia also helped to launch. into the refined world of academia and literary criticism. no not yet as a middle east specialist in the west or public supporter of the palestinian call. this day a place where i'm sitting right now used to be edwards aides office his secretary used to sit in one of the rooms you know down this down this hall and the room that you see here almost everything is as it was where when he was here you know the the book of this book this glass bookcase this desk was edward said that chair was edwards and this was their server an office with a lot of history. saeed's endeavor might have remained purely literary and his connection with the arab world simply a family had it not been for events in the middle east in one thousand nine hundred sixty seven. between the fifth and the tenth of june israel fought and defeated the combined on of egypt syria and jordan. the nine hundred sixty se

quote a prench human right lawyer, director of the global freedom of expression program at columbia university. she noted that european countries restrict hate speech laws recently have been ravaged strict hate speech laws recently -- with have been ravaged by intolerance and increasing inequality as well as rising levels of violence and hate. in conclusion, having gone beyond the theoretical justification that are asserted for censoring hate speech to examine how such censorship actually operates, i am more convinced than ever of the harms that censorship causes. likewise, i am more convinced than ever of the benefits that will continue to flow from our increasingly vigorous counter thech, including from department of justice and other non-censorial countermeasures. i note these positive steps not to suggest we should rest on our laurels but exactly for the opposite reason, to rev up our resolve to continue fighting for all of the important goals at starks stake, liberty, equality , democracy, individual well-being, and societal harmony. the progress we made on these essential goals has flowe

. >> greenwood studied election law at columbia university in new york where she met her future husband, fellow lawyer, nick stephanopoulos. today she's a voting rights attorney, determined to put an end to partisan gerrymandering. >> i have friends who say have you thought about there gerrymandering thing? literally i've been yelling about there for years. >> so have politicians. >> it's very difficult for us to try to draw these lines. >> they have been gerrymandering. >> the fight's rigged because of democratic gerrymandering. > hasta la vista to gerrymandering. >> if you look at the districts, they're all sliced up. threw run this way and that way and they run that way. it's drawing districts not based on a natural concentration of people, but to try to achieve some political end by manipulating the maps. >> gerrymandering boils down to packing and cracking. packing supporters in a small number of districts where their preferred candidates already win by huge margins, or by cracking districts by scattering voters and diluting their influence. with advances in data crunching, maps ca

she's a staff writer at the new yorker and was a fellow at harvard and teachers journalism at columbia university. at the end i'm going to leave 15 minutes for audience questions. we have a microphone in the center aisle you can come to to ask questions and then the authors will all be signing their books at the back of the church. we will start with a sort of obvious question here which is how did you discover your strange but true crimes didn't know they had the makings of a book there was enough for 300 or 400 pages we will start with peter. >> a rather dramatic moment that goes back 50 years since i was on the uss northampton and married a girl but i didn't know that yet. april 25, 2008 about 4:30 i get a call from a dealer you should go down to the auction at the restaurant that starts in an hour and a half. he said 22 lots of the sought-after burgundy wine one of the greatest are going to be withdrawn in the fourth-generation proprietor flying in to make sure they are withdrawn because he knows pr counterfeit. i took a shower and got dressed and went to the auction and that is the greatest

we are happy to welcome back professor atbitt, columbia university school of law and the director of the columbia center for national security. he has served as associate counsel to the president, counselor on international law to state department, legal counsel to the senate iran contra committee, and a senior committed to the national security council. he is the author of "the new "impeachment: the handbook." he serves as sterling professor of law and legal science at yale university. he is the author of several books on american law and the constitution, and with the forward to the second addition to "impeachment." in 2017, he received the outstanding scholar award and the howard lamarr award. --is also a member of the member of our board of trustees. he was the principal author of the 1974 book published by the association of the bar of the city of new york on the law of presidential impeachment and removal. he has served as ceo and chairman of edison schools, cap edison learning -- now edison learning. mr. smithy grateful is also a member of our board of trustees, and before we b