so let's say earth is earth.s in the earth there is a core, it is hot and there is a so-called convection, when in mantle, mostly hot matter rises up and in such a cycle it goes down further heats up and there are a lot of such rings, but not very much. do not think that something is moving inside. so, in our sense, this is centimeters per year, and we see this movement. just like the movement of continents on the surface. that is, it is a very slow process from a human point of view. plus. i so -called one component - it's the processes that are called magnetic dynamo is really much more very confusing from a scientific point of view. and not all people scientists share the same understanding of how it works plus the need for the rotation of the earth around in order for these cycles to take place. e, descending ascending substances, revolved revolved. we know that, for example. uh, if the earth rotates i don't know where to hold it. arrows, we know at what speed and where the core rotates and at what speed wher

well, the most external is earth's crust thickness of the earth's crust.ell , it is relatively small, if the average radius of the earth is 6.371 km at the pole, 21 km less than at the equator here, then the qur'an well is the first tens of kilometers. that is, it's not even something like an apple, it's quite small, and then we have thinner than an apple peel, well, to scale. yes, that is, this is such a scale, yes, and then we begin the mantle, which extends to the depth, just the borders of the outer core, and this is the depth. it is located there, a fuzzy border. you know, here you understand, there is the core. this is a transition zone in reality. it extends from the depths. there from 2.700 to 2.900 km. this is the so-called dream layer. and in this layer , gravitational differentiation is constantly taking place. our mantle consists of a significant degree of silicates , silicates of aluminosilicates, that is, these are minerals, which include silicon in large quantities. well, it's generally the dominant chemical element in the earth. well , alum

read earth is a misleading name, as they neither read nor are they earth. they can is range from stone to silver and are quick to tarnish when exposed to oxygen or react quickly when they come into contact with water. one of their many applications is in the production of permanent magnets, which are also used in wind turbines. at the beginning of 2023, a huge deposit of rare earth was discovered in sweden, an untapped 1000000 tons is thought to be in the ground north of the arctic circle . but to this day, no permission has been granted to mind them. the known methods of their separation and upgrading would home the environment. they'd been mining iron or for many years and key, rona, and the mine is considered one of the world's largest. if the head of the state own mining company has his way, a new mine will soon be added. exploration has detected more than a 1000000 tons of rare earth oxides than 4 to 5 is. but we have ongoing expiration activities in this. the pulse that really means that for us it's open, it's not hosts, they don't actually know how b

one day mining on earth may be obsolete. a bit light using candles to light your room and that was this week's episode of tomorrow today, d w sign show thanks for joining us until next time. stay curious. bye bye. kimberly blue. ah, with no one does coastal protection better than the dutch small wonder because large parts of the netherlands lie below sea level. the threat of flooding has long and still the spirit of innovation here, making the country a role model worldwide in combating rising ties. close up in 30 minutes on d w ah, a scoring we say they were about giving up sports life every weekend on d w. a. we're all good to go beyond be obvious. as we take on the world 8 our i do all the fans. we're all about the story that matter to you whatever it takes, 5 police, my follow being paid. deal we are your is actually on fire made for mines. so i was just rescuing data from a farm. this one this body go with. i found it like this and i couldn't just leave it there. i should meet her. this is such a great. it was so dirty

earth also have similar like conditions as the sunsets on both planet show on top that the earth's axis is inclined almost as strongly as mars's all these shared commonalities mean that they're atmospheres have similar characteristics in comparative planet research that makes mars's atmosphere a model of the earth's atmosphere. the moon would be of no use. the earth's atmosphere is primarily made of nitrogen and oxygen. it's the only planet in the solar system with liquid water on its surface. there was also water on mars, 3 and a half 1000000000 years ago. as these river valley show. then the red planets climate was more conducive to life and its atmosphere denser. but mars has lost a large part of its atmosphere. a constant flow of particles from the sun blows, parts of mars's upper atmosphere into space. o earth's atmosphere is largely protected against this by its magnetic field. to day mars's atmosphere is only 100, the density of earth's and the world that was once conducive to life has turned into a dry icy desert. water can only exist on the red planet as ice or vapor. there's e

then warned, the moon is a piece of earth. it's just as old, but the moon's surface hasn't ever changed over. so it's the ideal history book to teach us about the story of earth. because both were formed at the same time. and astronauts on apollo missions collected nearly 400 kilograms of moon rock. please, samples have shown the moon and earth to be more similar than previously thought. chemically, they're nearly identical. so as the thea hypothesis, not quite right after all new samples could give new insights of them won't gibbs off? you know that there are also many resources on the moon. for example, there's water that lies frozen in very deep craters, and this water ice probably still contains organic traces of the comments that hit the moon and the earth all that time ago. and that probably helped lightly to flourish on earth, yet could. so by going to the moon, we can maybe get a little bit closer to the answer of how life formed on earth can interdiction they are come. in late 2020, the chinese chinese 5 mission colle

then warned, the moon is a piece of earth. it's just as old, but the moon's surface hasn't ever changed over. so it's the ideal history book to teach us about the story of earth. because both were formed at the same time. and astronauts on apollo missions collected nearly 400 kilograms of moon rock. these samples of shine, the moon and earth to be more similar than previously thought. chemically, they're nearly identical. so as the thea hypothesis, not quite right after all new samples could give new insights of the morning gives off. you know that there are also many resources on the moon. for example, there's water that lies frozen in very deep craters. and this water ice probably still contains organic traces of the comments that hit the moon and the earth all that time ago. and that probably helped lightly to flourish on earth, yet could. so by going to the moon, we can maybe get a little bit closer to the answer of how life formed on earth can interdiction they are come. in late 2020, the chinese chinese 5 mission collect

- [narrator] this is what the future of life off the earth looks li. the moons a full deloped mmercial hub and way station for traveling deeper into space. anyone who wants a truly out of this world vacation destination, can now look to the stars and back down at earth. the first permanent settlers of mars, arrive to self building habitats that produceir, wate and foo with a n generation destin toe born oalien plets. this is the next step in our evolution as a species. (machine glitching) - well, this is the coolest thing i've done in a long, long time. - [narrator] today, scientists are blazing the trail to this very future. - [speaker 1] this is just a remarkable structure from an engineering perspective. - [narrator] i want to know what breakthroughs will be made. - water could used as cket fue so we could use the moon as a refueling station. - that is a big, hairy, audacious goal. - [narrator] that forge a future to... - [speaker 2] here we go. - [narrator] life off earth. (suspenseful music) (mechanical hand whirring) (text glitches on and off scr

. �* i, ,, i, , this thing as it whizzes past the earth. �* i, ,, , , earth. talk about this being quite safe, we are going _ earth. and you talk about this being quite safe, we are going to - earth. and you talk about this being quite safe, we are going to be - earth. and you talk about this being quite safe, we are going to be ok i quite safe, we are going to be ok andi quite safe, we are going to be ok and i will keep repeating that. but what if one was to come close to the earth, what mitigation measures are in place to protect us? yes. earth, what mitigation measures are in place to protect us?— in place to protect us? yes, that is a really good _ in place to protect us? yes, that is a really good question. _ in place to protect us? yes, that is a really good question. so - in place to protect us? yes, that is a really good question. so we - in place to protect us? yes, that is a really good question. so we are. a really good question. so we are now, people out there watching the sky is basically looking out for these things and trying to detect them as q

sealed off as a laboratory to study earth's ecology. van thillo: we had a million-gallon ocean with an entire coral reef that came from southern mexico, from yucatan. we started to look at the health of the corals. what we discovered--and gaie was in the ocean every day--what she discovered was that if we are healthy, our biosphere is healthy, or if our biosphere is healthy, we are healthy. it became written in our bodies, so to speak, because our little biosphere cycled so much faster. carbon cycled faster, water cycled faster, all of these things, so it became a real way of thinking about how everything connects, how the water connects everything, how the atmosphere connects everything. what was amazing was you could actually look at the health of your biosphere by looking at the corals. biosphere foundation was founded inside biosphere 2 with the idea--if our coral is healthy, our biosphere is healthy, well, l's go take a look at the health of our corals in biosphere 1. a ship is the best analogy for a biosphere because you have a cr

but what if one was to come close to the earth?t there watching the skies, basically, looking out for these things and trying to detect them as quickly as we possibly can. recently, we had a nasa mission called doubt, that fired an impact into an asteroid to see what would happen, how does the dust come out? one of the and us was to slightly change the orbit of the asteroid. so, that is one of the ways we think, if one of these things is going to hit us at some point, we might be able to send a spacecraft to knock these things off their orbit, so they pass by the earth rather than hitting us. we have a mission coming up, called nasa respect, mission. one of the aims are still enough of the composition of asteroids, what their structure is, so we can develop plans for if they are going to hit us, we want to work out the best way to stop that happening. two teenage boys have appeared in court this morning charged with murdering a 16 year—old who was stabbed to death in northampton. rohan shand died in kingsthorpe on wednesday. our co

— moon or the earth? well, last year there was a — moon or the earth?year there was a mission called dart - moon or the earth? well, last year there was a mission called dart led by nasa, which actually went out after an asteroid and its small orbiting moon. and it purposefully impacted into that asteroid to change its orbit. very successful the reason for that was, we now know we can change the orb bit, just nudge a little bit even by tens of metres then we know we can deflect these potentially hazardous asteroids from earth. i think that is probably the way to deal with these. the debris in low earth orbit is sort of our parallel issue for that we might start damaging satellites if we leave too much debris up there. i satellites if we leave too much debris up there.— ta ke take you live to the streets of tel aviv. with tens of thousands of people taking to the streets of tel aviv. we're now in week 12 of these protests. the president netanyahu has been pushing through about one of the main developments today on saturday has been that the defence minis

nothing on earth passes without a trace and youth, gone.elf so that they don’t lose you on the ground , don’t lose you on the side. and that on earth it does not pass without a trace and the youth that is gone is still immortal, we would like to love, as we believed in ourselves. and youth yet immortal, as young, we would be. as young, we would be, as sincerely, love. how to behave? thanks dear friends. for me. it is a great honor to be here today to sing for you and drink this outstanding song that we have left a legacy, an outstanding person, and the next song is most beloved the sun sets slowly over the city in moscow again cold, cloudy, windy you are somewhere on the stage, and i on the plane two fates two souls parallel to the flight, white red or maybe champagne so let's drink to life, it's cool red white and for a faithful friend. hundreds of years later and thousands beat, where is death in life. if a friend is near, even he will accept my fight, as he will become his next, my friend flies on the edge of the shah of the earth. every

on earth, but life on earth and the eco system that sustains us. and it's not just a stratus ferric view, it's a, it's higher than that. and with your permission, i want to quote appalled 14 astronaut, edgar mitchell. you develop an instant global consciousness of people orientation and intense dissatisfaction with the state of the world and a compulsion to do something about it from out there on the moon, international politics look so betty. you want to grab a politician by the scruff of the neck and drag him a quarter 1000000 miles out and say, look at deck, son of a wolf. that, that is, that is a cosmic perspective. i marilyn you that i'm telling you. that is the cause of perspective to end all cosmic perspective. so i have, you have these fantasies where the lawn creates a space bus and was air bus. the company space bus, get all the worrying leaders, put them on the bus, set him to the moon and have him look back at earth. and you say, you see the border between your country and the one you're fighting? no. do you see the people dying? no, do

ok, middle earth, not middle earth. and it's sort of the rice but so, so, so it's basically how do you know the hurricane is coming and what pass it's going to take satellite technology port that, you know, we spend money in space and we shouldn't spend it down here. so i can, here's what i'm going to do. we'll sneak at your house in the dark of night and remove everything in your home. that was inspired or enabled by investments in space, technology and you. but when you wake up in the morning, it might be indistinguishable from a cave because that kind of where we be without what those investments have delivered to modern civil is those investments have also delivered some other stuff into that. when you propose creating a space force, which eventually came into existence in 2019 under president donald trump, the u. s. space force is now defined as, quote, a military service that organizes trains and equipped space forces in order to protect us and allied interests in space. you examine the relationship between nation

well, last ear towards the moon or the earth?or the earth? well, last year there was _ towards the moon or the earth? well, last year there was a _ towards the moon or the earth? well, last year there was a mission - towards the moon or the earth? -ii last year there was a mission called dart led by nasa, which actually went out to an asteroid called indigenous and its small moon called by more for us, and it purposefully impacted into that asteroid to change its orbit. and of course the reason for that was we now know we can change the orbit. not much, just a little bit, by tens of metres, or tens of minutes. then we know we can deflect these potentially hazardous asteroids from earth. so i think that's probably the way to deal with these. the debris in orbit is of course sort of our parallel issue if you like. we might start damaging satellites if we leave too much debris up there.— satellites if we leave too much debris up there. 0k, unfortunately we have to — debris up there. 0k, unfortunately we have to leave _ debris up the

and you need 0 land back on earth. so why don't we install solar panels in the earth's orbit? the bridge lead space energy initiative with around 50 partners from industry, government and science is planning to put a solar panel satellite in space by 2035. the us, china and japan are also taking part in the solar space power quest. and this is how it might work. satellites in the earth's geo stationary orbit, which is around 35000 kilometers from earth, harvest energy using huge solar panels. and after converting it beam down the resulting microwave radiation down to earth on the ground, a network of receiving antennas, or rick tin as collect them microwaves and turned them to electricity for the grid . each satellite would produce 2 gigawatts of continuous power. as much as around $700.00 utility scale wind turbines, they'd be huge around 1.7 kilometers in diameter and would weigh several 1000 tons . the satellites could beam energy to earth 24 hours a day. the microwaves are considered safe and harmless for animals and humans, and about a quarter of the strength of the midda

leo, up to 2000 kilometers above earth. medium earth orbit is where the gps, galileo and other navigation satellites operate. lou do stationary orbit or geo, or television satellite circle. the planet is at 35786 kilometers lou. some operators like space ex, had been darkening their satellites in order to reduce their reflectance and not ruined the romance of the nighttime sky. but they continue to pose a problem for professional stargazers to honda to didn't didn't i? we have satellites that leave marks on images and can distort readings if a satellite is flying right by a celestial object i am currently examining, then it's a problem. i pulled one does one measure done that does finish that interest little tip. it all comes down to a fundamental question. what, what prevents satellite operators from launching no tens, but hundreds of thousands of them? that's nothing. and nobody nissan ne month. the fact is that there are few space regulations of li. there is the outer space treaty negotiated in 1967 by the un. it's terms

the satellites could beam energy to earth 24 hours a day. the microwaves are considered safe and harmless for animals and humans, and about a quarter of the strength of the midday sun. one drawback is that energy is lost during the transmission and the conversion process. while the costs of getting the modules into space, our well sky high, even if we manage to build in finance, solar power satellites, in the decades to come, there are already more feasible ways of generating solar energy quickly without losing urgently needed land. and all of them are cheaper, faster, and far more promising when it comes to social interaction, our voice is one of the key tools we humans have. there are around $7000.00 languages on our planet, but around half are under threat. often, along with the coaches, they come from mexico is home to around $23000000.00. indigenous people, roughly 7000000 speak only their traditional languages. this makes them easily overlooked in society. one woman is giving them a voice and helping keep a rich linguistic heritage ali

the earth.ieve me the style itself is different speeds, but we are on the same path in step from the earth from the earth. here, a step away from the earth conquered weightlessness. women - this is the biggest mystery in a man's life , you can solve it for a lifetime, and then you should not even try to solve it until the end. a woman is needed. to love sincerely on weekdays on holidays from morning to night at any time of the year in a festive concert by larisa dolina and uma thurman's group and for minutes the expectation of the impossible crumbles in the early morning wakes up from careless movement, like the silence of an icy winter confused us with the unknown. here for so long friend we were looking for a friend and, of course, we were missing . behind the rains, the blizzard migratory birds say goodbye, only at night i can’t sleep, a strange cold is hiding in my heart. what happened? tell me someone just fall in the window i burst into tears, window sill. my peas are beating, silence, sin

we have on earth. e is. spend your billions of dollars, and therefore for a very long time mars just played a bad role for astronautics, because he did not explain in any way. why are we spending this money, then a mask appeared, he came up with a completely crazy idea. he said, so know the land. you can ditch, but on all mankind will survive, and oddly enough, it opened up, because as we see people, for example, with the climate. the same can screw up a little. and therefore, indeed, yes, ecology, yes, therefore , to screw up from the planet and, as it turns out, it is possible, and even then human life will be cut short , people will disappear, as a species, you need to have some kind of alternate airfields. and here on this crazy idea suddenly drove as well, because somehow people really thought about the truth. why not? let's get some penny, well, there's some billion dollar we'll spend it. but we will have an alternate airfield, and therefore i can say that if we take pure economic models, i still look

the satellites could beam energy to earth 24 hours a day. the microwaves are considered safe and harmless for animals and humans, and about a quarter of the strength of the midday sun. one drawback is that energy is lost during the transmission and the conversion process. while the costs of getting the modules into space, our well sky high, even if we manage to build and finance solar power satellites in the decades to come, there are already more feasible ways of generating solar energy quickly without losing urgently needed land. and all of them are cheaper, faster, and far more promising when it comes to social interaction, our voice is one of the key tools we humans have. there are around $7000.00 languages on our planet, but around half are under threat. often, along with the coaches, they come from mexico is home to around $23000000.00. indigenous people, roughly 7000000 speak only their traditional languages. this makes them easily overlooked in society. one woman is giving them a voice and helping keep a rich linguistic heritage aliv

it's orbit intersecting with earth right there. that means it also joins masses, century program, which is an automated system that keeps an eye on all the known objects in orbit over the next 100 years diesel to is not a threat. and in fact, none of the objects in this catalogue are, at the moment, there are no known asteroids that posed known threats to the planet earth. there are more than 1000000 known asteroids from kilometers to meters in diameter. most orbit between mars and jupiter. we have news systems coming online again. an example is an american one called the atlas system, which has a very wide field of hue and scans the sky rather quickly compared to the old fashion surveys. there more and more of, you know, professional and amateur i astronomers alike that use bigger and bigger telescopes and they just discover objects in the ition to these professionals, surveys. asteroids are rich targets for scientists. it is long been thought that they may carry complex chemicals formed in the quiet darkness of deep space. and ju

yes, that's locally over certain areas of the earth's surface. i think that with a probability of almost 100%, in 10 years. we will learn how to change this field with a 100% probability for various tasks and for the practical application of a person. well, for the destruction of man. i think it's a good purpose better. yes, well, i think that the local field of the earth is locally necessary certain areas. we will be able to change the probability of 100% agree 100% thank you very much. let's shake the planet. what is the probability of shaking the magnetic field in a magnetic field? i think percent. strongly we can blow up precedents bomb, but this is somehow a radical way to have more than one, but there are several inside. no, it means to create a radiation belt. gotta blow it up. uh, this h-bomb in space and it did it and it did it. yes, to shake the earth's magnetic field, well, this barbarian and who could blow up the bomb will not, but i think such less more tolerant means. there with some probability of 20% 20% will be created, thank you

uranus around the sun 84 earth years after the discovery of herschel was accepted into the royal society and awarded the most prestigious and then awards in the scientific world on march 13, 1881, as a result of an assassination attempt, he was killed. alexander ii it was far away, not the first attempt to kill the king, but at that time the terrorists achieved their goal of killing carried out by several members of the organization narodnaya volya, in st. petersburg on the embankment of the catherine canal. now it is called the griboyedov canal. the explosion of the first bomb thrown by nikolai rusakov wounded the escort cossacks, but alexander himself was not injured. there were both emperors and terrorists. the murder did not lead to the revolution, as the conspirators hoped, the throne was taken by the son of the murdered alexander iii and the period liberal reforms that had just begun in russia were replaced by a period of harsh domestic political reaction. on march 13 , 1933, the first firing tests of the first or2 liquid rocket engine took place. it was a power unit designed by th

standing in archaic conditions the sky is flooded with earth earth humble snow.himself, covering the belarusian carriage and looking down from the lowlands for a long time by the nazis 20 another juicer of 1943, on that day on earth the snow was so flat and he became harad and red -eyed 149 zhekhar of the cart, their children took the kuznetsk death from the horny alive who are you spoiled to break out with floors without lithos to be shot with automatic fats? khatyn is a symbol of people's memory enlightened by peaceful people of growing nationalities and true knowledge of the trend rejected both on the scale of belarus and the scale of the soviet union from the kirovism of the republic, the sharga is uprooted. i wash petr masherov's uaz with ion boletus, and he was him who took under his guardianship from the creation of khatyn and not only to redshekhatyn, the avenue of khatyn with an udin's shoulder blade was an improject, yakiya perauza went. inshi vezka symbol vezka. the legend enlightened her and the complex was completed in 1968 by the prokans . oleg unde

the debris in low—earth orbit, of course, is a sort of a parallel issue, if you like.ave too much debris up there. the vatican has returned three fragments of the ancient parthenon sculptures to greece in a move that's been described as a "gesture of friendship". our reporter, shelley phelps, has more. returning home. three more parthenon fragments are now being displayed at the acropolis museum in athens, alongside other ancient artefacts. there were smiles all round at the ceremony attended by representatives of pope francis and the greek orthodox church. the gifting of the fragments of the parthenon, which have been held in the vatican museums for more than two centuries, shows itself as an ecclesial, cultural and social gesture of friendship and solidarity with the people of greece. the decision to return the fragments was announced by pope francis last year. translation: my personal heartfelt wish is that this initiative _ is mimicked by others. pope francis showed that this is possible and significant. greece hopes the move will spur other overseas institutions h

so, there's several asteroids that do continually orbit near the earth.we can think of it as like a friendly hello. itjust enjoyed earth so much, we'll see it again in a few years! chuckles. and if, say, for example, an asteroid was kind of deemed as being sort of hazardous, would we be able to react in time? in theory, potentially yes. so, this is quite a difficult question because we're only just now starting to think about really how do we be... ..defensive, kind of, as a planet? so, how do we defend ourselves from beyond our place here on the surface of the earth? and we're starting to see that with some really unique experiments. so, last year, we had the double asteroid redirection test, or dart, which crashed itself into a moon of an asteroid to see if we could use its momentum to knock it off course a little bit, and it was a complete success, and so, that's kind of our first stage in confirming that these methods we think will work could potentially work in the future. however, we're definitely not at the stage yet where we could use it right now

it enjoyed earth so much, we will see it again in a few years!ory, potentially yes. so this is quite a difficult question because were onlyjust now starting to think about really how do we be... defensive, kind of, as a planet? so how do we defend ourselves from beyond our place here on the surface of the earth? and we�*re starting to see that with some really unique experiments. last year we have the double asteroid redirection test or dart which crashed itself into a moon of an asteroid to see if we could use its momentum to knock it off because a little bit and it was a complete success and that�*s kind of our first stage in confirming that these methods we think will work could potentially work in the future, however we are definitely not at the stage yet where we could use it right now. where we could use it right now, ,,., ., ., ~' where we could use it right now. ., ., ~ , ., where we could use it right now. ., ., ~ ., now. sara, thank you for “oininu now. sara, thank you for joining us. _ now. sara, thank you for joining us, we _ now. sar