if you're interested in eleanor roosevelt, read the trilogy on eleanor roosevelt. you can dive into specific subjects because there's such a large amount of history to cover here. really from the early 1920s all the way through 1962. >> okay. i want to talk a little bit about relationships. it's been said that truman didn't know anything about the manhattan project until he took over. so before we jump into that, what was fdr's relationship with hoover? because we did have the hoover presidential library on earlier in our series. and then what about -- is the fact that truman didn't know about the project, is that a reflection of their relationship? can you talk about his relationships there? >> sure. so he had a very bad relationship with hoover. and in the period -- back then, remember, he was inaugurated on march 4th but elected in early november. there was a long period in which the country was experiencing zero economic crisis. 25% unemployment. millions of people living on the street homeless, farms closing, banks being foreclosing, homes being foreclosed on

now eleanor, so, this is march of 1941. eleanor was a strong champion of civil rights. so here she is down at the tuskegee institute. this is one of my favorite photographs of her because it was a lot of controversy but whether african-americans could serve in the military and what roles they could play so she goes down to this tuskegee institute. that's chief anderson behind the controls and he takes her up for a flight and flies around for 45 minutes an african-american man and a white first lady in this small plane. it was it was radical, but it changed the perception and it essentially helped create the tuskegee airmen and eventually the red tails and this was the kind of thing that she would do she would use her celebrity. she would use her voice with authority to change the way people thought about african-american about immigrants about poor people and she really dedicated yourself to changing that equilibrium next slide, please. so in june of 1941 the library open here is fdr in the white suit doing the opening ceremonies for the presidential library prior to th

most people i think would pick her out eleanor. influencing as i said, she's more balanced of to franklin's ideas. in other words. she he certainly listened to her people often said that he would ask her for her opinion when he was on the other side. she would state it and then a day or two later. they would hear him saying something that sounded much like her then like he had sounded previously so influential. yes, and as i mentioned lady bird johnson i'll have to think of others. the next question is from rhonda and it has to do with some of these public initiatives that we talked about. she wants to know is there an allocated budget for first ladies for their projects? how do they you know, how do they actually get things done that they want to promote or do well first lady has a has a budget and i remember rosalyn carter fought for a bigger budget than she got because it's always it's always a little what's the word there's some competition between the east wing and the west wing about what the east wing is paying its press sec

>> i would have to say eleanor roosevelt. the reason that i, she experimented with so many things. the investigations, the traveling abroad. taking a stand opposed to her husband. i would think that she's most ahead of her time and we haven't really match that sense. >> from eugene yeah in arizona, she asks has any first lady actually really relished the job? >> oh dear, a lot of them heated it. a lot of them hated it. that's the first thing that comes to mind. jane peers you know prayed her husband would lose. even eleanor roosevelt didn't love it at all. i mean she was extremely unhappy to move into the white house. so who was happiest about it? who relished, i can think of a single warned, many of them say when they leave what they missed. they missed the perks of the white house, and the opportunity to meet people and to be part of what's going on in the world. so many of them talk about missing when they leave, but i can't, oh yes. >> julia grant like to be first lady. >> julia grant and helen taft. well intact, everyone

it's not follow and eleanor roosevelt's steps or in lady bird johnson steps. but to be themselves i'll still add one thing to that. that's actually sort of funny, but if you think about it at the time it would could have been considered insulting but this was in 2000 and you know, george bush was the just the election was finally decided and one of the early interviews that laura bush gave she was asked by reporter which shall remain nameless. are you going to be more like hillary clinton or barbara bush and as if she couldn't be herself and and her response was very astute. she said well, i know laura bush pretty well. so i'm going to be her. and it just again, you know, they they don't they want to be authentic and what they do and they are conscious of those that have come before them, of course, but this is their opportunity now to to make a difference. very iconic and early quote in in their tenure that was terrific. so you mentioned along the way concerns about their their well-being as they start to step out on issues. so we've had a couple of questions

so that i'm not gonna turn it over to nancy to discuss eleanor roosevelt.done to make hello, i'm pleased to be here today. i would like to thank patrick man, the head of the foundation, and mr. mcdonald, senior director for special events for all they have done to make this program possible. and the support of the national archives foundation. i would also like to thank the octave archivist of the united states, whose agencies polls, records, have provided papers from loop every hoover to michelle obama in the presidential -- today, i am very pleased to be talking to very special first ladies, eleanor roosevelt and ladybird johnson. and the incredibly effective advances that they tried to make for civil rights issues in spite of the fact that they both encountered death threats. eleanor roosevelt consistently fought racial discrimination and prejudice, and in fact was a strong advocate then her husband. just a few examples of what she did included joining and addressing the 1936 annual and a acp, national urban league conferences. advocating for lynching le

she's my favorite first lady eleanor roosevelt, but i talk about eleanor roosevelt very often and she is a first lady that many people know a lot about so when patrick asked me to do this presentation, we thought about maybe talking about first ladies who aren't as well known as eleanor roosevelt and i would start to complicate these four categories. and begin to discuss how it's really not terribly historically accurate to place any one first lady in one category the celebrity the controversial the reluctant or the political that most first ladies were a combination of several of these characteristics. so i want to look specifically at three first ladies who lived in very different periods in us history and talk about the quality of their years as first lady and discuss ways in which they crossed these categorical boundaries. so the first of these first ladies is an early republic first lady that i would like to talk about a little bit and that's darling madison here. she is in a photograph taken very late in her life. she's one of our first first ladies to be photographed although s

eleanor taylor jolidon stays with us on the program. coming up, boardgames. showdown with an activist investor seeking to overhaul the oil giant's board and make its climate goals more ambitious. that's coming up later. and we will talk green investing, next. this is bloomberg. ♪ ♪ anna: welcome back to "bloomberg markets: european open." 10 minutes into our european trading session and european equity markets making some gains to the upside. the london market and the others closing that gap pretty much. the ftse 100 up by 0.2%, the dax and cac up by a little bit more than that. we had some m&a activity. i see shares jumping 31% for vectura. carlisle to purchase that business. 160 pence per share. dani is with us once again. >> i mentioned this one earlier moving higher. it is the biggest again or on the stoxx 600, moving up more than 5%. reporting earnings. yes, they had a lower profit last year, a big hit two things like clothing and home goods, but they are saying things turnaround. a bigger profit this year has those shares moving higher. i want to talk a

was eleanor roosevelt because she said eventually eleanor roosevelt intervened and they were able to have their band but martha used the gi bill when she got out of the army to get her phd she taught at howard. she was a, you know a senior fellow at howard and as well as various schools here on the east coast. she's the author of four books just an extraordinary woman and i can i can see her she's passed away now, but i can see her when when we after we had dedicated and had programs here walking up from the from the metro and i would always say dr. putney. let me come get you no i can walk she'd say but her little crooked legs walking up to be part of the ceremonies here at the women's memorial. i know i made a contribution. so women's army call. but both in the short run in the long run are all also realize that i learned a lot. he was a tremendous learning experience. community and i profit if they profit for my service. i really profited. i'm having served. family members can register a family member a friends and you can do it online at www.womensmemorial.org. click on register

she was also from texas and she came to washington and began to cover a a eleanor roosevelt when eleanor roosevelt held her women's only keys which were really press avails for the first lady and female reporters in washington dc. so liz carpenter had a very long history of knowing how to operate with press in washington and she helped lady bird right away to establish a very direct communication with the female pressboard. these were the days when the gendered press coverage was such that it was by and large exclusively women who covered the office of the first lady and men by and large but not totally who covered the office of the president lives was very important in helping lady bird make the transition and establish her own independence identity separate from that of jackie kennedy. so very important on the press and very important in terms of political operations in the 1960 campaign. and then in the 1964 campaign the civil rights component of the 1964 campaign is a place where liz carpenter really shined there was a moment in october in 1964. when liz and lindy boggs who is a very

i discovered my research that eleanor roosevelt could have worn her against this because eleanor roosevelt also bought an expensive set of china during the great depression and unlike nancy's which was privately funded eleanor roosevelt paid for it with taxpayer money and ended up having to have a big news conference to explain that her new china was actually putting people to work in the great depression. so, so the other thing nancy reagan does is she. does something that's very common in hollywood but forbidden in politics, which is that? she borrows designer clothes very expensive clothes jewelry and doesn't always return them and also doesn't report them as gifts and ultimately this would create a gigantic tax headache for the reagan's who the irs launches an investigation at the end of his presidency and and tells them they've got three million dollars worth. unreported gifts here. so you report that at the end of 1981 their first year in the widest and the white house say the she had the lowest approval rating of any modern first lady. what did she do to turn that around? um one one

access to apple's 1000000000 i phone users so joining me now to go further in depth on this topic eleanor talks professor of law at the new york university school of law now professor epic games is launching a truly unprecedented challenge against al gore right now what do you see as the company's overall goal with this lawsuit. rachel thanks and i just want to say a disclaimer at the start which i've done some work or at it until what i see as the goal is. to get fair access to apple's operating system it's not even asking for damages it's simply asking for an injunction so it once will to change its behavior to let it get. to give it a fair name and says didn't really use it then came in system where the premium changes that was very important. yes truly is a case where we're watching games take on a massive tech giant here and when we're looking at apple it accounts for around 27 percent of the smartphone market and for developers the only way to get their product on an i phone is of course to go through the app store now apple's or sponsor criticism over the required use of its purcha

access to apple's 1000000000 i phone users so joining me now to go further in depth on this topic eleanortalks professor of law at the new york university school of law now professor epic games is launching a truly unprecedented challenge against al gore right now what do you see is the company's overall goal with this lawsuit. rachel thanks and i just want to say a disclaimer at the start which i've done some work who are a bit so what i see as the goal is. to get fair access to apple's operating system it's not even asking crude damages it's simply asking for an injunction so once going to change its behavior to let it get. to give it a fair name and system were let use it then came in system for the premium changes that would break. yes surely is the case were watching games take on a massive tech giant here and when we're looking at apple it accounts for around 27 percent of the smartphone market and for developers the only way to get their product on an i phone is of course to go through the app store now apple's or sponsor criticism over the required use of its purchase system along

access to apple's 1000000000 i phone users so joining me now to go further in depth on this topic eleanor talks professor of law at the new york university school of law now professor epic games is launching a truly unprecedented challenge against al gore right now what do you see as the company's overall goal with this lawsuit. thanks and i just want to say a disclaimer at the start which i've done some work at that until i see the goal is. to get fair access to apple's operating system it's not even asking for damages it's simply asking for an injunction so it once will to change its behavior to let it get. to give it a fair name and system or let use it then came in system where the premium changes that would be important. yes surely is the case were watching games take on a massive tech giant here and when we're looking at apple it accounts for around 27 percent of the smartphone market and for developers the only way to get their product on an i phone is of course to go through the app store now apple's or sponsor criticism over the required use of its purchase system along with the

and all my god we found a credible cargoes and went to every step of this incredible journey with eleanor roosevelt and our and our community who and our nice albert einstein said this is the guy he said it very grasped he knew the way that humanity would die by its own hands or continue to exist and einstein said he was going to vote the rest of his life at that period in trying to build a way that we can love and i was talking about and the areas i write this down were a lot of that you know the new and not the world order and he said the u.s. didn't do the hordes of powered by. or a wise. but he really is and that is. where our great people power but just a backup for a minute for people to don't know the story in the 1940 s. and fifty's after being a bomber in world war 2 gary davis renounces american citizenship declared he was a citizen of the world and it then created a lot of problems for him such as the kind of incredible to mind when he was trapped on the line between germany and france neither country letting him in but it also starts in international kind of movement of to fol

my god we've found credible cargoes and we're going to every step of this incredible journey with eleanor roosevelt and our and our commercial and our nice albert einstein said this is the guy he said to carry brass he knew the way that humanity would die by its own hands or continue to exist and einstein said he was going to vote the rest of his life at that period trying to build a way that we can build a lot like i was talking about and the areas are right not this. lot that you know the new i cannot do world order and he's going to ask you are you scared me to do the work of power and money or a life on the iron. doors but he really isn't that this whole better idea that people power the planet but just to back up for a minute for people who don't know the story in the 19 forty's and fifty's and. being a bomber in world war 2 gary davis renounced his american citizenship declared he was a citizen of the world and it then created a lot of problems for him such as the kind of incredible to mind when he was trapped on the line between germany and france neither country letting him in but

god we've found a credible cargoes and we're going to every step of this incredible journey with eleanor roosevelt and our and our hearts to move and our nice albert einstein said this is the guy he said it grasped he knew the way that humanity would die by its own hands when you do exist and einstein said he was going to vote the rest of his life at that period in trying to build a way that we can build a lot like i was talking about and the areas not right not this down a lot that you know the new i cannot do world order and he said to. me do the words of power and trying to control your life. well he really is going to be a great people power but just a backup for a minute for people to don't know the story in the 1940 s. and fifty's after being a bomber in world war 2 gary davis renounced his american citizenship declared he was a citizen of the world and it then created a lot of problems for him such as the kind of incredible to mind when he was trapped on the line between germany and france neither country letting him in but it also starred in the international kind of movement of

it also helped that eleanor roosevelt became a member. and she became friends with a chickasaw interpretive dancer and storyteller and she invited her to the white house to perform for british dignitaries to show them what american culture was about. francis oldham kelsey, this is kind of strange, they almost look like sisters, don't they? caroline: a little bit. [laughter] jayne: when roosevelt became president, blair pressured eleanor to convince fdr to hire the first female cabinet member, and he hired frances perkins with the department of labor. and then francis oldham kelsey was also a member who worked for the fda, and she was a person who refused to approve the drug. those are some of the trivia that i found out while i was doing the research. caroline: do you think the society of women geographers is still relevant today since the explorers club now accepts women? jayne: yes, absolutely. there is a place for women, there needs to be a place where women can network with other women explorers, scientists, and artists, outside the p

roosevelt became president blair pressured eleanor to convince fdr to hire the first female cabinet member and he hired francis perkins for the department of labor. um, and then francis oldham kelsey was also a member who was worked for the fda and she is the person who refused to approve the drug thalidomide. so those some of the trivia that i found out while i was doing the research. okay, so do you think the society women geographers is still relevant today since the explorers club now accepts women. yes, absolutely. there's a place for women. there's a place there there needs to be a place where women can network with other women explorers and scientists and artists outside the presidency of men. i think that the society allows gives women a place to support each other and that's very important. the you know, the our picture is it's kind of covering that that photo that newspaper article, but it says don't take a woman with you when you go exploring, which was what the president of the explorers club roy chapman and andrews who's pictured there said when he was the president and in 193

well what other than the lesson was eleanor wouldn't let even the ah oil oh me the another me in the one in the little and i how often does that 33 year wash of met her? well enough in the help of a heck of a chair, and when me ah ah ah, the ship over the visit i was that i had an algebra massive. i'm in the silicon labs in the mac and they had the vision of a letter from me i always jane clarification on saturday. he says no complaint in the for us on the earth or been and that you know for special it'll genuine or hurry in jazz. and this is melissa to feel me meadow and i had done a few la rock and really a whole nother longer for the and her mission limit than or updated or moral basil or they 7 how kill insomnia and get an a column floppy. already k. familiar me me. ready a father should be a protector. who forgot tierra? he was her tormentor, ah, betrayed for years she carries the evidence inside her. ah, will this be enough to find justice in afghanistan? patriarchal society, a 1000 girl, blank me. a witness documentary announces era. it's the case. biggest hospital with eventu

there's a wonderful photograph of her father with eleanor roosevelt and you talk about the relationship with her father and her father just as an extraordinary powerbroker, streetfighter, mayor of baltimore, former congressman, but then there is a quote in the book i would like to share to get your perspective. after she became the most powerful woman in the history of the country, she said her children have been more influential in shaping the leader that she became that her parents, quote, i was forced by my children having five children in six years and understanding the difference in personalities from one to the next is a real lesson. >> i know parents that have school age kids now during covid understand the skills obtained by running a household. she says it requires the same skills as being speaker of the house in washington in that you try to impose order in chaos. you are dealing with grievances both real and imagined and try to convince sometimes unreasonable people to stop doing what they are doing and do whatever it is you want to do. you have these shifting alliances and w

my name would it take him to conclude that a good deal now you solicit is good going to the fiesta eleanor. rigby the room would. take the goodness that it could even use a live it is good to be if you. journey is finally coming to an end. you stay close to the best me at the up blowing you sneak up with a puddle of beeping the minute we suicide state police rule and was most missiles that were chilly here today with them it. means you're on the shoreline of the bush national so much reason to deal with not let conditions keep you posting pictures. of course you get the feeling when you can only get ghostly edges to the sea and then you know just issued a just into c.n.n. yesterday. the government forces just for a month and the course of our system compared with those almost a shift in the social circle of moms. we're approaching to get i looked the place where i'll journey began. the. i was laughing at. that the law. are our. own little me of and i mean our. investigation as well you know it was able to use a promotion you could leave that misleadingly mean you had the money or you what

a number of women led by eleanor patterson editor of the washington times-herald went down to the tidal basin one day and chained himself to a number of the cherry trees blocking construction vehicles from being able to come in and remove the trees. they ultimately received a concession that any trees removed would be replanted replanted elsewhere along the tidal basin. for more than 100 years the cherry trees have been a beloved institution in washington dc symbolizing the friendship between the people of the united states and the people of japan. in the wake of the attack on pearl harbor in 1941 the love for the cherry trees was put to the test washingtonians for the duration of world war ii would cease referring to them as the japanese flowering cherry trees instead referring to clearly as the oriental cherry trees and in fact in february of 1942 there was damage done to a number of the trees and signage and markings left behind indicating that it was in retaliation for the attack on pearl harbor. following the dedication of the jefferson memorial in 1943 bill basin would continue to

power and influence and now there has certainly been powerful influential women in the white house, eleanor, hillary, michelle. but turns out lady bird recorded her entire experience in the white house hours and hours of tape that almost no one has ever heard. and those tapes, they end up rewriting history. of course, the 1960's have been dissected and what i found in the dairies is surprising and new. >> 9-page analysis. this is the story of power of political partnership. one that somehows doesn't show up in many accounts of lbj presidency. >> i think it was a little too fast. i'd say it was a good b plus, how do you feel about it? >> i thought it was much better than last week. a partnership she recorded as she and lyndon tried to navigate the turmoil of the 1960 from political upheaval to race riot. >> i don't know why it should upset her. i was telling her the truth. >> i felt extreme hostility. was it because i was alive? >> i don't believe i was the physical and mexico strength to carry the responsibility. >> much talk of the big question, he wants to get out, the program they called

i just want to tell you i live in louisiana and i live in -- next to eleanor's -- next to new orleans which is heavily dependent on the tourism industry and the restaurants and the hospitality industry does not save much. for example, some newer type the cafe, average pay for the worker would be like $200 a week and even when covid came and people were unemployed, they were getting $247 or less than $200 from the state unemployment benefits. so, the $300 or more that were the federal government pay was a godsend to these working-class people. and now, -- now that republican senators and governors want to cut these, it is going to have a huge impact on the working-class people because they will not be able to pay rent and will be thrown out of their homes or apartments that they live in. and people need to understand that if you want them to come and work, you cannot live off of $200 a week. even when you are unemployed and got unemployment benefits, you cannot even apply for food stamps. host: mr. stettner. guest: i am looking forward to my next trip to new orleans to get something fr

the left you can see too early box camera microphones positioned on stands in front of first lady eleanor roosevelt as she gives a speech in los angeles that was being broadcast on radio. now let's examine why this microphone in our collection is so important. to do that we need to begin by talking a little about presidential communication. communication skills are a vital element in presidential leadership. a big part of any president's job is explaining complicated economic and political issues to the public. most presidents come into office with an ambitious agenda but to achieve it they must be able to explain their goals in programs in a clear and compelling way show americans how it will benefit the nation and convince them to lend their support. the communication tools available to america's presidents have expanded dramatically during the past 200 years. modern presidents have been able to use newspapers magazines radio broadcast and cable television and in recent decades the internet and social media to reach out to the public and lobby for their agenda. of course nearly all of t

nothing measurable >> reporter: in march eleanor fernandez told us she's been looking for work for nearly a year but at the time she was only being offered low-paying part-time positions. >> you've been offered those jobs but didn't take them? >> i haven't taken them yet because honestly the unemployment is a little bit more than the pay too. i'll just be honest with that. it covers all my bills. >> reporter: some states are taking action next month south carolina and montana are ending federal unemployment benefits, including the extra $300 a week. and in maine workers will have to prove they're actively looking for unemployment to receive the extra money. for the first time in months christopher gregory will not be filing for unemployment today is his first day back on the job at a movie theater in idaho. >> never really expected to find myself out of work it's exciting to get a real paycheck. >> stephanie, the president says his recovery plan will take more time when might we begin to see change >> reporter: lester, that money is just starting to make its way out the door for example,

. >> reporter: eleanor graham was dr. ibrahim's pediatrician and one of the first to support her dream >> she just did have a real, you know, firm determination about it >> reporter: for dr. ibrahim it's important to share her story with young patients, especially those whose experiences mirror her own. your story really represents hope and the possibility of things coming true >> it really represents just human potential when we think about respecting everyone and welcoming everyone and giving them opportunities >> that is "nightly news" for this thursday from seattle. we'll see you from l.a. tomorrow. thank you for watching, everyone i'm lester holt. please take care of yourself and each other. good night, everyone ♪ ♪ ♪♪ mornin' number 32 wakin' up without you ♪ ♪ momma's on the telephone ♪ ♪ she says she's got a plan ♪ ♪ she knows a nice young man ♪ ♪ honey if i come back home ♪ ♪ everybody knows ♪ ♪ everybody knows ♪ ♪ everybody knows what to do about my misery ♪ ♪ yeah everybody but me ♪ ♪ well i don't want a shrink